Journal of
Plant Breeding and Crop Science

  • Abbreviation: J. Plant Breed. Crop Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2006-9758
  • DOI: 10.5897/JPBCS
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 450

Full Length Research Paper

Inheritance of stem diameter and its relationship to heat and drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Ahmed Sallam
  • Ahmed Sallam
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt. Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August University, von Siebold-Straße 8, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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El-Sayed Hamed
  • El-Sayed Hamed
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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Mervat Hashad
  • Mervat Hashad
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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Mohamed Omara
  • Mohamed Omara
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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Ahmed Sallam
  • Ahmed Sallam
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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El-Sayed Hamed
  • El-Sayed Hamed
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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Mervat Hashad
  • Mervat Hashad
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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Mohamed Omara
  • Mohamed Omara
  • Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
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  •  Accepted: 03 December 2013
  •  Published: 01 January 2014

Abstract

Genetic control of stem diameter and other stem attributes of wheat in relation to yield components were analyzed in a 7- parent F1 diallel cross in favorable, drought and drought combined heat environments, as well as in 12 F2 populations under heat stress. Polygenes with mainly additive effects were involved in the control of stem diameter which segregated in normal distributions in the F2. The narrow-sense heritability was of comparable magnitude under favorable (0.73), drought (0.62) and drought + heat stress (0.76); whereas heritability of stem dry weight was reduced under stress. Stem diameter was positively correlated under both drought and drought + heat stresses with stem weight and stem density. Stem diameter was significantly associated with 1000 kernel weight and grain yield per spike in three environments. Such strong associations of stem diameter with single grain mass and grain yield per spike under stress indicated the important role this character play in sustaining grain filling through provision of greater capacity for assimilation in the stem before mobilizing it to grains.

Key words: Stem diameter, heat stress, drought stress, diallel analysis.

Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.

This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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