Journal of
Public Health and Epidemiology

  • Abbreviation: J. Public Health Epidemiol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-2316
  • DOI: 10.5897/JPHE
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 653

Full Length Research Paper

Sero-epidemiological investigation and risk factors for contagious bovine pleuro pneumonia infection of cattle in Dello Mena and Sawena Districts of Bale Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia

Minda Asfaw Geresu
  • Minda Asfaw Geresu
  • College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Kemal Kedir
  • Kemal Kedir
  • College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia
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Dagim Birhanu
  • Dagim Birhanu
  • College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia
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Aynalem Teshome
  • Aynalem Teshome
  • College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia
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  •  Received: 29 July 2016
  •  Accepted: 15 March 2017
  •  Published: 30 May 2017

Abstract

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a highly infectious cattle disease, which is widespread in pastoral areas of Africa and it is a major problem for Ethiopian livestock. A cross-sectional study on sero-epidemiology and risk factors for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia infection of cattle in Dello Mena and Sawena districts of Bale Zone was conducted from February, 2016 to May, 2016. Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay test was used to analyze 384 cattle sera for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia antibodies and the overall sero-prevalence rate was determined to be 6.51%. A higher sero-prevalence rate of 8.26% was observed in Dello Mena district when compared to Sawena (3.89%) district. The prevalence in each kebele ranged from 0 to 15.91% and the highest prevalence (15.91%) was found at Hi-Oda, located in Dello Mena district. A Chi-square computed statistical analysis indicated that age (χ2=5.738; p<0.017), sex (χ2=11.105; p<0.001), breed (χ2=13.29; p<0.014), body condition score (χ2=6.063; p<0.048) and purpose of rearing cattle (χ2=14.877; p<0.001) were the major putative risk factors associated with the occurrence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in the study districts. The difference, however, was not statistically significant (p>0.05) for origin (Dello Mena/Sawena), contact with other herds (yes/no) and herd size (small/medium/large). Multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis revealed that age (adult/young), body condition score (good/medium/poor) and purpose of rearing cattle (beef/draft power/milk) were significantly associated with contagious bovine pleuropneumonia sero-positivity (p<0.05). Consequently, cattle rearing purpose (for beef/draft power/milk) was statistically identified as the major risk factor for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia  occurrence in relation to other factors and cattle(oxen/bull) used for the purpose of draft power were more likely to be infected by CBPP(Adjusted Odds Ratio=49.052). This study showed that the overall sero-epidemiology of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in Bale Zone of Oromia Regional State was relatively high. This warrants the implementation of appropriate preventive and control measures to minimize the economic losses arising from the disease.

 

Key words: Cattle, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, Dello Mena, risk factors, Sawena, seroepidemiology

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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