Journal of
Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health

  • Abbreviation: J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-2529
  • DOI: 10.5897/JVMAH
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 413

Article in Press

Outbreak Based Serotype Identification and Molecular Detection of Circulating FMD Virus Serotypes at Adea berga Dairy Farm, Central High Land of Ethiopia

Beksisa Urge*, Fufa Dawo , Daniel Gizaw

  •  Received: 24 August 2018
  •  Accepted: 02 October 2018
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a transmissible viral infection of cloven hooved animals associated with severe economic losses due to morbidity, mortality, and milk loss and trade restrictions. Outbreak investigation and cross-sectional study were conducted from September 2016 to April 2017 with the objectives of serotype identification and molecular detection from outbreak cases at Adea berga dairy farm in Adea berga district, Ethiopia. A total of 352 animals were purposively examined and 130 clinical cases and 11 dead calves were encountered. The risk factor of outbreak analysis showed that the overall morbidity and mortality in this dairy farm was 36.9% and 3.12%, respectively. The risk of FMD infection in young calf was increased by 4.2 times (OR = 4.2, 95% CI (1.925-8.810) and three times in poor body conditioned cattle. The post mortem findings indicated that there were prominent lesions and symptom of tigroid heart appearance in the heart of dead calves. Moreover, a total of 21 samples were collected from active cases and subjected to virus isolation in cell culture and 52.4% (n=11) exhibited cytopathic effect (CPE). Cell culture propagated viruses were also processed for antigen typing and 38.1% (n=8) were positive and serotype O, A and SAT-1 were identified. CPE positive samples were detected and characterized by real time rRT-PCR and 19% (n=4) were positive for FMDV genome with cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from 16.03-26.98 in the clinical samples. The study showed three serotypes were prevalent in the study dairy farm; Therefore, FMD control will depend on the availability of matching and potent vaccines against the serotypes per areas.

Keywords: Addis Ababa, Adea berga, Detection, FMDV, Genome, Risk factor, Serotypes