Full Length Research Paper
References
Abubakar BA, Maikai BV, Ajogi I and Otolorin GR (2015). Prevalence of Giardia Cysts in Household Dog Feces within Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria and its Public Health Significance. Journal of Veterinary Advances 5:1053-1057 |
|
Adell-Aledón M, Köster PC, Lucio A (2018). Occurrence and molecular epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in dog populations in eastern Spain. BMC Veterinary Research 14:26. |
|
Ahmed WM, Mousa WM, Abdelhadi SM, Tawfik MM (2014). Prevalence of zoonotic and other gastrointestinal parasites in police and house dogs in Alexandria. Egypt" Veterinary World 7(5):275-280" |
|
Amorim RMR, Silva DAO, Taketomi EA, Morato MGVA, Mundim MJS, Ribeiro DP, Oliveira TC, Viana JC, Gomes MA, Cury MC (2010). Giardia duodenalis: Kinetics of cyst elimination and the systemic humoral and intestinal secretory immune responses in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) experimentally infected. Experimental Parasitology 125(3):297-303 |
|
Becker AC, Rohen M, Epe C, Schneider T (2012). Prevalence of endoparasites in stray and fostered dogs and cats in Northern Germany. Journal of Parasitology Research 111(2):849-857 |
|
Bouzid M, Halai K, Jeffreys D, Hunter PR (2015). The prevalence of Giardia infection in dogs and cats, a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies from stool samples. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 207(3-4):181-202. |
|
Brar SK, Singla N, Singla, LD (2021). Concurrent infection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in synanthropic rodents: First report from Punjab, India. Indian Journal of Veterinary Science and Biotechnology 17(1): 45-47 |
|
Carlin EP, Bowman DD, Scarlett JM, Garrett J, Lorentzen L (2006). Prevalence of Giardia in symptomatic dogs and cats throughout the United States as determined by the IDEXX SNAP Giardia test. Veterinary Therapeutics: Research in Applied Veterinary Medicine 7(3):199-206. PMID: 17039442 |
|
Dandrieux RJ (2016). Inflammatory bowel disease versus chronic enteropathy in dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice 57(11):589-599. |
|
Dohoo L, Martin W, Stryhn H (2003). Veterinary Epidemiologic Research. National Library of Canada, Canada pp. 47-49. |
|
Dohoo IR, Martin SW, Stryhn H (2009). Veterinary Epidemiologic Research 2nd Edition. VER Incorporated, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. |
|
Fantinatti M, Caseca AC, Bello AR, Fernandes O, Da-Cruz AM (2018). The presence of Giardia lamblia assemblage A in dogs suggests an anthropozoonotic cycle of the parasite in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Journal of Infectious Genetic Evolution 65:265-269. |
|
Fantinatti M (2019). Zoonotic potential of Giardia lamblia and control of giardiasis. Insights on Veterinary Science 3:001-004. |
|
Fava NM, Soares RM, Scalia LA, Cunha MJ, Faria ES, Cury MC (2016). Molecular typing of canine Giardia duodenalis isolates from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Experimental Parasitology 161:1-5 |
|
Franzen O, Jerlström-Hultqvist J, Castro E, Sherwood E, Ankarklev J (2009). Draft genome sequencing of Giardia intestinalis assemblage B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species? PLoS Pathogen 5:e1000560 Animals (Basel) 9(6):325. |
|
Guy RA, Payment P, Krull UJ, Horgen PA (2003). Real-time PCR for quantification of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in environmental water samples and sewage. Applied Environmental Microbiology 69(9):5178-5185. |
|
Horgan ER, O'Connor LM, Gately RE, McNamara AB, Osborne CR, Morris DC (2020). Prevalence of Human Specific Giardia lamblia in Irish Sheltered Canines: An Unknown Risk Factor for Human Infection. Veterinary Medicine and Public Health Journal 1(2):48-52 |
|
Humane Society of the United States (1996). How to Determine a Cat's or Dog's Age, (Humane Society of the United States, Washington, DC, USA. |
|
Lal A, Baker MG, Hales S, French NP (2012). Potential effects of global environmental changes on cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis transmission. Trends Parasitology 29(2):83-90. |
|
Liao S, Lin X, Sun Y (2020). Occurrence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Blastocystis sp. in household, shelter, breeding, and pet market dogs in Guangzhou, southern China. Scientific Report 10:17736. |
|
Mahmud MAA, Belal SMSH, Uddin FMJ (2014). Prevalence of protozoan diseases in pet dogs at District veterinary hospital, Sirajganj, Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 12(2):191-196. |
|
Mark-Carew MP, Adesiyun AA, Basu A, Georges KA, Pierre T, Tilitz S, Wade SE, Mohammed HO (2013). Characterization of Giardia duodenalis infections in dogs in Trinidad and Tobago. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 196(1-2):199-202. |
|
Mbae C, Mulinge E, Guleid F, Wainaina J, Waruru AZK, Njiru ZK and Kariuki S (2016). Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children in Kenya. BMC Infectious Diseases 16:135 |
|
Mircean V, Györke A, Cozma V (2012). Prevalence and risk factors of Giardia duodenalis in dogs from Romania. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 184(2-4):325-9. |
|
Mohamed AS, Glickman LT, Camp JW, Lund E, Moore GE (2013). Prevalence and risk factors for Giardia spp. infection in a large national sample of pet dogs visiting veterinary hospitals in the United States (2003-2009). Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 195(1-2):35-41. |
|
Mosallanejad B, Avizeh R, Jalali MR, Alborzi A (2010). Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis Infection in Household Cats of Ahvaz District, South-West of Iran. Iran Journal of Parasitology 5(3):27-34. PMID: 22347252; PMCID: PMC3279840. |
|
Mravcová K, Štrkolcová G, Goldová M (2019). The prevalence and assemblages of giardia duodenalis in dogs: a systematic review in Europe. Folia Veterinaria 63(4):38-45. |
|
Mukaratirwa S, Singh VP (2010). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of stray dogs impounded by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), Durban and Coast, South Africa. Journal of South African Veterinary Association 81:123-125. |
|
Nantavisai K, Mungthin M, Tan-ariya P, Rangsin R, Naaglor T and Leelayoova S (2007). Evaluation of the Sensitivities of DNA Extraction and PCR Methods for Detection of Giardia duodenalis in Stool Specimens. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 45(2):581-583. |
|
Neves D, Lobo L, Simões PB Cardoso L (2014). Frequency of intestinal parasites in pet dogs from an urban area (Greater Oporto, northern Portugal), Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 200(3-4):295-298. |
|
Nguyen ST, Fukuda Y, Nguyen DT, Dao HT, Le DQ, Bui KL, Tada C, Nakai Y (2018). Prevalence, genotyping, and risk factors of Giardia duodenalis from dogs in Vietnam. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Science 80(1):92-97. |
|
Noradilah SA, Moktar N, Lee LL, Salleh FM, Anuar TS (2019). Impact of seasonality on the prevalence and risk factors of Giardia lamblia infections among the aborigines. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 12(7):315-320. |
|
Olson M, Leonard N, Strout J (2010). Prevalence and diagnosis of Giardia infection in dogs and cats using a fecal antigen test and fecal smear. The Canadian Veterinary Journal 51(6):640-642. |
|
Pfeiffer DU, Timothy P, Robinson M, Stevenson KB, Stevens DJ, Rogers CA, Clement A (2008). Spatial Analysis in epidemiology Oxford Academic |
|
Pipia P, Varcasia A, Tamponi C, Sanna G, Soda M, Paoletti B, Traversa D, Antonio S (2014). Canine giardiasis in Sardinia Island, Italy: Prevalence, molecular characterization, and risk factors. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8(5):655-660 |
|
Ponce-Macotela M, Peralta-Abarca GE, Martínez-Gordillo MN (2005). Giardia intestinalis and other zoonotic parasites: prevalence in adult dogs from the southern part of Mexico City. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 131(1-2):1-4. |
|
Pulido-Medellín MO, Giraldo-Forero JC, Chavarro-Tulcán GI (2019). Prevalence and risk factors of giardia spp. from free living and owned dogs in Tunja-Boyacá, Colombia. Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 22(3):337-343. |
|
Qi M, Dong H, Wang R, Li J, Zhao J, Zhang L, Luo J (2016). Infection rate and genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis in pet and stray dogs in Henan Province, China. Parasitology International, 65(2):159-162. |
|
Robertson LJ, Lim YAL (2011). Waterborne and Environmentally Borne Giardiasis. In: Luján, H.D., Svärd, S. (Eds.), Giardia. Springer Wien New York pp. 29-69. |
|
Trevisan YPA, Almeida ADBPF, Nakazato L, Pacheco TDA, Souza JI, Canei DH, Pereira ME, Maia MO, Pacheco RC, Sousa VÉRF (2020). Frequency of Giardia duodenalis infection and its genetic variability in dogs in Cuiabá, Midwest Brazil. Journal of Infectious Diseases in Developing Countries 14(12):1431-1436. |
|
Tseng YC, Ho GD, Chen TTW, Huang BF, Cheng PC, Chen JL, Peng SY (2014). Prevalence and genotype of Giardia duodenalis from faecal samples of stray dogs in Hualien city of eastern Taiwan. Tropical Biomedicine 31(2):305-311. |
|
Uehlinger FD, Greenwood SJ, McClure JT, Conboy G, O'Handley R, Barkema HW (2013). Zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. and prevalence of intestinal parasites in young dogs from different populations on Prince Edward Island, Canada. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 196(3-4):509-514. |
|
Uiterwijk M, Nijsse R, Kooyman FN, Wagenaar JA, Mughini-Gras L, Ploeger HW (2019). Host factors associated with Giardia duodenalis infection in dogs across multiple diagnostic tests. Parasites Vectors 12:556. |
|
Upjohn M, Cobb C, Monger J, Geurden T, Claerebout E, Fox M (2010). Prevalence, molecular typing, and risk factor analysis for Giardia duodenalis infections in dogs in a central London rescue shelter. Journal of Veterinary Parasitology 172(3-4):341-6. |
|
Vanni I, Cacciò SM, Van L, Lebbad M, Svärd SG, Pozio E, et al., (2012) Detection of Giardia duodenalis Assemblages A and B in Human Feces by Simple, Assemblage- Specific PCR Assays. PLoS Neglected Tropical Disease 6(8):e1776. |
|
Zhang Y, Zhong Z, Deng L, Wang M, Li W, Gong C, Fu H, Cao S, Shi X, Wu K, Peng G (2017). Detection and multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in dogs in Sichuan province, China. Parasite 24:31. |
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0