Diversity of lichens at Mount Cameroon, South West Region, Cameroon
April 2022
Concern about maintaining the biodiversity of lichen communities’ species has been an issue with lichenologists for many years. Many of the understudied regions face increasing threats from urban development, pollution, and potentially climate change, among other factors. The objective of this study was to examine the diversity of lichens on Mt. Cameroon. To achieve this objective, eight collection sites were...
Patterns of mammalian roadkill in the Serengeti ecosystem, northern Tanzania
January 2022
Roads that traverse through protected areas if not well managed can have adverse impact on wildlife such as road-kills which is of global conservation concern. Though mammalian road-kills have been reported in different protected areas worldwide, very little information on the problem is available in the Serengeti ecosystem. This study employed both cross sectional observation and opportunistic encounter methods to...
Challenges for world natural heritage protection through coordinating a variety of values
January 2022
Designation of protected areas is an extremely effective means of "protecting" the natural environment and natural resources, and registration as a world natural heritage site is an extremely effective conservation policy for protecting its outstanding universal value. This paper introduces three cases such as Ha Long Bay, in Vietnam, Galapagos Islands and Shirakami-Sanchi in Japan which are the sites of world...
Ethnoecological knowledge allied to the management of wild medicinal plants in Ada’a District, East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
January 2022
This study assessed and documented ethnoecological knowledge of the indigenous people of Ada’a District that has important contribution in the conservation of wild medicinal plants. Both purposive and random sampling methods were used to collect appropriate data. Quantitative and qualitative ethnobotanical methods were used to analyze the ethnoecological data. A significance test on the indigenous knowledge...
Feeding pattern of forest elephants in the Nki National Park and its environs, East Region, Cameroon
January 2022
Forest elephants play a vital role as keystone species in forest ecosystems, but little information is known on their feeding pattern which is a key concern for its conservation. This study was carried out in Nki National Park and the specific objective was to identify cultivated and non-cultivated plants eaten by elephants. Eleven 2 km line transects, and reconnaissance walk of approximately 40.16 km were used to...
Use and socio-economic values of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Bail.) Pierre, a wild oil species in Benin
January 2022
Ricinodendron heudelotii is a wild oil tree species native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is also found in Benin. Its oil is rich in the essential fatty acids (Omega 3, 6), fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) and trace elements, essential for human health. Currently, few people know about this oil, likely explaining its almost total absence in rural markets in Benin. The species is also neglected, as little scientific data...
Rosewood (Pterocarpus erinaceus) as a de facto forest common for local communities in Ghana
January 2022
This paper discusses how rosewood as a common-pool resource is managed and utilized at the local community level in the wake of aggravated exploitation of the resource for export to feed external markets. Non-probability sampling technique coupled with focus group discussion was used to collect primary data from two administrative districts in the transitional zone between the savannah and high forest in Ghana. In all,...
Environmental sustainability of consumptive and non-consumptive wildlife tourists: The case of a game reserve in Namibia
October 2021
Africa as a tourism destination is seen as a wildlife tourism hotspot that contributes significantly to job creation, community upliftment, and conservation. Wildlife tourism is based on encounters with non-domestic animals that can occur in either the animal’s natural environment or in captivity. The interaction with the animals includes activities that are historically classified as consumptive and...
Biodiversity loss and conservation challenges in Chimit Kolla, Gozamen District, East Gojam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
October 2021
A field study in Chimit Kolla, Gozamen District, Ethiopia was conducted in November, 2020. The study aimed to evaluate the biodiversity loss and major conservation challenges in the area. Direct sighting of the animals in the field and indirect evidences like scats, prey leftover and evidence from native key informants revealed higher wildlife potential of the area. However, intensive agricultural investment,...
Traditional uses of African rosewood (Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. Fabaceae) through the sociolinguistic groups and the pathways of conservation and sustainable management in Benin
October 2021
Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir, a spontaneous species from Guinean savannahs of West Africa, functions as socio-economic and cultural livelihood in rural areas of Benin. This study improved the knowledge of people about the uses of P. erinaceus organs connected to the sociolinguistic diversity in Benin, intending to enhance the pathways of conservation and sustainable management of the species. A total of 506 respondents...
Floristic composition, diversity and community structure in a secondary rainforest in Ibadan, Nigeria
October 2021
Secondary forests may act as buffer area and serve as reservoir for biotic components that are lost from primary forest due to anthropogenic disturbances. This study investigated the floristic composition, diversity and community structure of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Idi-Ayunre, Ibadan, Nigeria. Twenty-five main plots (each 50 m × 50 m) were randomly mapped out to enumerate tree species, five 10...
Diversity, structure and health of a cocoa based agroforest system in the Humid dense forest, East Cameroon
October 2021
Cocoa is a major cash crop in Cameroon, where its production and export contributes significantly to the national economy and in poverty alleviation. Cocoa-based agroforestry systems (cAFS) have been recognised as a fair strategy for natural resource management, combining both the agricultural and conservation objectives. This study aims to (1) assess the diversity, (2) analyses the floristic and structural...
Ethnobotanical study of the coconut palm in the Coastal Zone of Benin
July 2021
The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.), also known as “tree of life”, is widely distributed across the Coastal Zone in Benin, where its cultivation is most important. Using participatory research appraisal tools and techniques, a survey was conducted in this zone to assess the diversity of coconut ecotypes, associated endogenous knowledge and their utilization. Nineteen villages randomly selected, and...
Assessment of the diversity and abundance of tree species in Afe Babalola University, Ado- Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
July 2021
In this study, an assessment of trees diversity and abundance in the Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria was carried out. Stratified sampling method was employed. The University was divided into four strata for adequate sampling (Stratum A, B, C, D). The results revealed a total of 816 individual trees of 21 tree species belonging to 16 families. The family Aracaceae has the highest number of species...
Tree species composition and diversity in Agoro-Agu Central Forest Reserve, Lamwo District, Northern Uganda
July 2021
Tree species composition and diversity were assessed in Agoro-Agu Central Forest Reserve located in Lamwo district-Northern Uganda. Fifteen transects, each 2 km long, were established in the reserve. A procedure of nested quadrats was employed for a systematic sampling of mature trees, saplings and seedlings at 100 m interval(s). Vegetation analysis was conducted in Species Diversity and Richness (SDRiv) software. A...
Assessment the conservation status and vulnerability of the ichthyological population of the Bandama River in the Marahoué Region (Central West of Côte d'Ivoire)
July 2021
The conservation status and the vulnerability to fishing pressure of the ichthyological population of the Bandama River located in the Marahoué Region (Côte d’Ivoire) were assessed. Sampling of fish fauna was conducted from September 2019 to November 2020 using experimental and artisanal fisheries. The results of International Union for Conservation of Nature show that, the majority of the fish...
Forest cover change due to large scale plantation agriculture and community perception of its impact on climate variability in Nguti sub-division, South West Cameroon Region
July 2021
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of plantation agriculture on land use, land cover change in the Nguti sub division and to investigate resident’s perception about the effects of land use, land cover change on local climatic variability. Satellite maps from Landsat multispectral images were processed using Arc GIS 8 to assess land cover change overtime. Structured questionnaires, focused group...
Impact of protected areas on the livelihood of locals: A case study in Saadani National Park, Tanzania
July 2021
We randomly selected 200 households from the four villages (50 per village) based on the household distance from the park: villages settled close to the park and villages settled further away from the park. Besides, qualitative methods including focus group discussions and direct observations, were used. Community activities differed between the two groups of villages (close and far from the park). Furthermore, local...
Spatial distribution, ecological niche model of pignut and control eradication strategies in the context of climate and global change for Benin, West Africa
July 2021
Benin’s native biodiversity, like other countries in the world, is facing biological invasions through the proliferation of invasive alien species. One of them, the pignut (Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, Lamiaceae), represents a serious threat to the biodiversity. The control of its spatial distribution and ecological niche are essential to understand its favorable spatial area and predict its dynamics. The...
Can conservation incentives promote willingness to coexist with large carnivores in the eastern Serengeti ecosystem?
July 2021
Communities living adjacent to protected areas tend to express more willingness to coexist with large carnivores in their areas when they receive tangible benefits. The aim of this study was to explore people’s willingness to coexist with large carnivores, including lions (Panthera leo), leopards (Panthera pardus), cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta), African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and...
Breeding biology and diet of the Madagascar Buzzard Buteo brachypterus in the Bemanevika Protected Area, Madagascar
April 2021
The breeding biology and diet of the endemic Madagascar Buzzard Buteo brachypterus, in Bemanevika Protected Area, northern Madagascar, was studied in 2017 and 2018. Nest building occurred from early August to early September, egg laying from late August to early October, hatching between September and October and fledging between November and December. Laying peaked in September (n = 24 pairs). Twenty-four breeding...
Physiological ecology of ferns: Biodiversity and conservation perspectives
April 2021
Ferns have a long geological record extending over millions of years, and they are distributed in diverse environments worldwide; including swamps, coastal locations, open grasslands, mountain terrains, drylands and deserts. Consequently, their physiological ecology is rich with examples of the fern species diversity, and remarkable adaptive variability. This is a review of some major aspects of their physiological...
Studies on Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) fruits storage and different preservation technologies for domestication
April 2021
In order to prevent a Shea seed from germination when stored, a preservation technology was adopted using different polythene bags which include a white transparent polythene bag of 500 mm gauge, big size perforated brown envelope, and black polythene bags of 500 mm guage. The results revealed that the Shea seeds preserved in the white transparent polythene bags retained their viability for six months which can then be...
Invertebrate fauna associated with the cultivation of Vernonia calvoana calvoana (Asteraceae) in Yaoundé (Center-Cameroon)
April 2021
Vernonia calvoana is a culture spread across the world and prized for its culinary and medicinal virtues. The data was collected in Yaoundé, Central Cameroon region through manual harvesting at two stations from 2017 to 2019. A total of 168 species or morphospecies belonging to 47 families and 12 orders from two phyla were collected. The most abundant phylum was Arthropoda which represented 99.96% of the total...
The effects of anthropogenic activities on the regeneration of flora in duekoué and scio forests in Southwestern Côte D’ivoire
February 2021
The aim of this study is to understand how the crop farms and forest plantations affect the regeneration of local flora. Ten plots of 10 m × 10 m size were established per vegetation type and all DBH categories of vascular plants were inventoried. The richness of adult plants (DBH ≥10 cm) was similar to those of juvenile plants (10 cm > DBH ≥1 cm), which was between 20 and 50 times lower than the richness...
Climate change study in Burkina Faso from 1987 to 2018: An online systematic review for future directions
February 2021
In this paper, we perform a bibliometric analysis of published climate change research in Burkina Faso for the period of 1987 to 2018. More specifically, this article aims at (1) revealing the temporal, and categorical patterns in climate change research; (2) summarizing the global research trends from multiple perspectives; and (3) providing an alternative demonstration of research advancements about climate change...
Species composition, seasonal abundance and distribution of avifauna in Lake Hawassa and part of the Eastern Wetland habitats, Southern Ethiopia
February 2021
This study was carried out in Lake Hawassa, Tikur wuha riverine habitat and Cheleleka wetland from August 2017 to February 2018. The study aims to investigate species composition, seasonal abundance and distribution of birds. Systematic random sampling techniques at an interval of 3 km were used to select sampling blocks. T-test and one way ANOVA were applied for analysis of the effect of season on the composition and...
Communities’ attitudes and perceptions towards the status, use and management of Kapolet Forest Reserve in Kenya
October 2020
Forest communities play a vital role in the conservation of forest resources. Understanding communities’ use, attitudes and perceptions of forests and management measures is significant in attaining conservation goals and reducing forest resource use conflicts. This study sought to assess local community’ forest resources use and their perception towards forest status, use and management. Data was collected...
Analysis of forest cover change in Yabello Forest, Borana Zone, Ethiopia
October 2020
Analyzing trends of land use and the change over time is an effective way for assessing the impact on ecosystem function. A study was conducted to detect forest cover change of Yabello forest between 1986 and 2016. The land use maps of 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016 were derived from satellite images. The spatial pattern analysis indicated that the Yabello land use/land cover (LULC) is at a dynamic state and forests had...
Dynamics of supply services provided by a protected forest in Côte d'Ivoire
October 2020
The classified forest of Haut-Sassandra (CFHS) located in the Center-West of Côte d'Ivoire was infiltrated by the population for agriculture in the 2000s. This forest, initially devoted to timber production before its degradation, is today a vast cocoa-growing area associated with food crops, mainly plantains. The objective of the present study is to assess the overall production of wood, cocoa, and plantain...
Insights of Legal and illegal wildlife hunting in Selous and Rungwa Game Reserves in the South-East and Central Tanzania
October 2020
There is a lack of consensus among conservationists regarding the association between trophy hunting and wildlife poaching. Anti-hunting groups argue that trophy hunting is against animal welfare and contributes to wildlife population decline so it must be refuted. On the other hand, pro-hunting groups for advocate regulated hunting as an essential tool for supporting habitat protection and reducing crimes. Regulated...
Underfunding, the challenge of federally managed protected areas of Ethiopia
October 2020
This paper presents an analysis of the costs of protected areas (PAs) management in Ethiopia, specifically those managed by the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority. The authority is managing a network of protected area (PA) systems covering an area of about 29,950 km2. Primary and secondary data were used. A total of 3,045 rangers are required to effectively control illegal activities. The estimated number...
Abundance, distribution and ecological impacts of invasive plant species in Maputo Special Reserve, Mozambique
October 2020
With a few exceptions, comprehensive assessment of invasive plants species (IPSs) list that invade Maputo Special Reserve’s natural ecosystems is lacking. Some available data are either preliminary or localised, or focus on agricultural weeds that leave an ecological gap about IPSs. In order to establish this gap, a study was conducted to asses the impact of IPSs in Maputo Special Reserve. A stratified random...
Impact of cocoa cultivation in the forest-savannah transition zone of western Côte d'Ivoire
October 2020
The mountainous relief of Western Region of Côte d'Ivoire, as well as large savannas bordering the dense semi-deciduous forests, did not make this part of the country an area suitable for cocoa cultivation. However, in search of forest land for cocoa cultivation, a large influx of people has been observed in this area over the last decade. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of human pressure...
Effect of pesticide use on weeds, pollinators and microbial activity in Nzoia Sugar Basin of Western Kenya
October 2020
Diversity of flowering plants, pollinators and microbial activity was assessed in five farms of Nzoia Sugar Company and one outgrower farm in Western Kenya. The overarching study objective was to determine differences in species diversity in the sugar farms using agrochemicals and those not using. To sample flowering plants, transects were laid along sugar farms with quadrats 20 m apart. Sweep nets captured fauna flying...
Typology of cocoa-based agroforestry systems of the semi-deciduous forest zone in Togo (West Africa)
October 2020
In the tropical zone, cocoa-based agroforest systems (CAFS) are considered as a mean to maintain and conserve biodiversiy. In the sub-humid zone of Togo (West Africa), agroforest plant species are key components of the landscape and agricultural lands. Cocoa and coffee agroforest systems contribute directly and indirectly to the livelihoods of an estimated one million people in Togo. Despite this fact, there is only few...
Small mammal community demography and reproductive seasonality under protection, pastoralism and agriculture in the Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania
October 2020
This work examined population demography and reproductive seasonality among small mammals under protection, pastoralism and agriculture in the Serengeti Ecosystem in 2017 and 2018. Small mammals were trapped to quantify variation in the proportions of actively breeding individuals, juvenile recruitment and adult sex ratio across land use types and seasons. Breeding peaked in the wet season, reflecting a corresponding...
Community dependency and perceptions of a protected area in a threatened ecoregion of Myanmar
October 2020
Local communities living adjacent to protected areas (PA) play a vital role in biodiversity conservation. Understanding communities’ use and perceptions of a PA will increase its conservation effectiveness through reducing anthropogenic pressures and improving park-people relationship. This study assessed local communities’ dependency on the PA and perceptions of benefits and costs accrued from the PA. Using...
Attitudes of local leaders towards wildlife conservation in village areas in southern Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Karatu District, Tanzania
July 2020
Understanding attitudes of local leaders towards conservation issues in village areas surrounding protected areas is vital for the success of sustainable biodiversity conservation. This is because of the need of designing effective conservation programs outside protected areas and to reduce resource-based conflicts involving local communities and protected areas. Twenty villages in Karatu district located between...
Efficiencies of three insect collection methods in Lamto, Côte d’Ivoire
July 2020
Insects are of ecological and economic importance. This study was carried out to compare the efficiency of the three main insect sampling methods namely, sweep net, hand sampling and the light trap and also to show the biodiversity distribution from Lamto habitats for good biological conservation. A total of 379 individuals belonging to 9 orders were collected. Significantly, more individuals were collected by sweeping...
Daily activity patterns and relative abundance of medium and large mammals in a communal natural protected area on the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico
July 2020
Anthropogenic disturbances cause direct and indirect effects on the global decline in biodiversity. For better planning strategies on the conservation of medium and large mammals in Oaxaca, we present an analysis of daily activity patterns of medium and large mammals and their relative abundance in a Communal Natural Protected Area (CNPA) on the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. Sampling was carried out between November...
Communities’ perceptions regarding the impact of Hoima-Tanga crude oil pipeline on the loss of biodiversity in Swagaswaga Game Reserve, Tanzania
July 2020
This study was conducted to evaluate perceptions of communities surrounding the Swagaswaga Game Reserve regarding the impact of the proposed Hoima-Tanga crude oil pipeline on biodiversity loss. The pipeline will transect the game reserve and some of the neighbouring villages. The study involved 156 randomly selected respondents from four purposefully selected villages located at 0 to 10 km and 11 to 20 km from the game...
Potential of Acacia for poverty alleviation in Rorya District-Tanzania
July 2020
Rorya is one of new districts in Tanzania established in 2007. The district is a reflection of typical rural life in Africa South of Sahara where rural communities inhabiting dry woodlands and dependent on natural resources for their sustenance do not consider indigenous tree species as valuable resources of income. The study was conducted in the low lands of Rorya district-Tanzania to assess contribution of wild Acacia...
Climate variability, biodiversity dynamics and perceptions of local populations in Waza National Park (Far North Region, Cameroon)
July 2020
Climate variability is one of the major ecological challenges of the 21st century in Waza Logone Plain in the Far North region of Cameroon. The physical environment in this area has almost completly deteriorated as a result of declining rainfall and rising temperatures. A study was carried out to understand the dynamics of biodiversity in terms of climate variability in the Waza National Park. This study was based on...
Ethnobotanical study of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plant uses and threatening factors around the Malga District, Southern Ethiopia
July 2020
The study conducted in Malga district in 2019 aimed at documenting indigenous medicinal plants use among the Kebeles community, and the factors threatening local knowledge on medicinal plants before suggesting ways to overcome such threats. A total of 100 informants were selected and snowball sampling techniques were used. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews, field observations, guided...
Floristic diversity and stand structural analysis of gallery forests in Ajei highland watershed community forest, North West Cameroon: Implications for forest conservation and management
July 2020
The study was aimed at contributing to sustainable management of Ajei Highlands Watershed Community Forest, one of the vulnerable and highly threatened biological hotspots remaining within the Cameroon western highlands through an analysis of its woody species diversity and stand structure. The results of inventory of its 12 gallery forest patches through 17 permanent sample plots (20 m x 50 m) with multiple spatial...
Assessment of impact of ecological elevation on grass species’ diversity in Yabello Rangeland, Southern Ethiopia
April 2020
Elevation has great impact on species’ diversity; it creates ecologically diverse vegetation. Studying species’ richness patterns at different scales is very important both for ecological explanations and effective conservation design. In this study, grass vegetation data were collected using systematic sampling methods. 18 transects and 54 quadrants were laid, with 6 transects and 18 quadrants from each...
Floristic assessment of semi evergreen forests of a peripheral site in Hadagarh Sanctuary, Odisha, India
April 2020
Phytosociological study was carried out in the outer periphery region of Hadagarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. An attempt has been made to find out the characteristics of the vegetation community of the forests of the sanctuary. Analysis of the vegetation was done following the standard ecological methods widely adopted for such studies (quadrat method). A total of 68 plant species from 30 families were documented...
Ingestion of plastic debris affects feeding intensity in the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus Gibbes 1850 (Brachyura: Grapsidae)
April 2020
The aim of this study was to investigate the plastic consumption by the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus and its effects in the species feeding activity. Specimens were collected monthly from August 2019 to January 2020 in a coral reef located in the north-eastern Brazilian coast, taken to the research laboratory, where they had their stomach removed, degree of fullness determined for each stomach and...
Poor regeneration of Brown Oak (Quercus semecarpifolia Sm.) in high altitudes: A case study from Tungnath, Western Himalaya
April 2020
This study was carried out in the timberline zone of Tungnath, Chopta region of the Chamoli District in India at eight altitudinal zones from 2,500 to 3,200 m, where the regeneration of Brown Oak was found to be very low. The data were obtained during the rainy season (August-September, 2016) by making counts of mature trees, saplings and seedlings in survey plots (50 × 50 m) at each of the eight altitudes. The...
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