Community dependency and perceptions of a protected area in a threatened ecoregion of Myanmar
October 2020
Local communities living adjacent to protected areas (PA) play a vital role in biodiversity conservation. Understanding communities’ use and perceptions of a PA will increase its conservation effectiveness through reducing anthropogenic pressures and improving park-people relationship. This study assessed local communities’ dependency on the PA and perceptions of benefits and costs accrued from the PA. Using...
Efficiencies of three insect collection methods in Lamto, Côte d’Ivoire
July 2020
Insects are of ecological and economic importance. This study was carried out to compare the efficiency of the three main insect sampling methods namely, sweep net, hand sampling and the light trap and also to show the biodiversity distribution from Lamto habitats for good biological conservation. A total of 379 individuals belonging to 9 orders were collected. Significantly, more individuals were collected by sweeping...
Daily activity patterns and relative abundance of medium and large mammals in a communal natural protected area on the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico
July 2020
Anthropogenic disturbances cause direct and indirect effects on the global decline in biodiversity. For better planning strategies on the conservation of medium and large mammals in Oaxaca, we present an analysis of daily activity patterns of medium and large mammals and their relative abundance in a Communal Natural Protected Area (CNPA) on the central coast of Oaxaca, Mexico. Sampling was carried out between November...
Communities’ perceptions regarding the impact of Hoima-Tanga crude oil pipeline on the loss of biodiversity in Swagaswaga Game Reserve, Tanzania
July 2020
This study was conducted to evaluate perceptions of communities surrounding the Swagaswaga Game Reserve regarding the impact of the proposed Hoima-Tanga crude oil pipeline on biodiversity loss. The pipeline will transect the game reserve and some of the neighbouring villages. The study involved 156 randomly selected respondents from four purposefully selected villages located at 0 to 10 km and 11 to 20 km from the game...
Potential of Acacia for poverty alleviation in Rorya District-Tanzania
July 2020
Rorya is one of new districts in Tanzania established in 2007. The district is a reflection of typical rural life in Africa South of Sahara where rural communities inhabiting dry woodlands and dependent on natural resources for their sustenance do not consider indigenous tree species as valuable resources of income. The study was conducted in the low lands of Rorya district-Tanzania to assess contribution of wild Acacia...
Floristic diversity and stand structural analysis of gallery forests in Ajei highland watershed community forest, North West Cameroon: Implications for forest conservation and management
July 2020
The study was aimed at contributing to sustainable management of Ajei Highlands Watershed Community Forest, one of the vulnerable and highly threatened biological hotspots remaining within the Cameroon western highlands through an analysis of its woody species diversity and stand structure. The results of inventory of its 12 gallery forest patches through 17 permanent sample plots (20 m x 50 m) with multiple spatial...
Climate variability, biodiversity dynamics and perceptions of local populations in Waza National Park (Far North Region, Cameroon)
July 2020
Climate variability is one of the major ecological challenges of the 21st century in Waza Logone Plain in the Far North region of Cameroon. The physical environment in this area has almost completly deteriorated as a result of declining rainfall and rising temperatures. A study was carried out to understand the dynamics of biodiversity in terms of climate variability in the Waza National Park. This study was based on...
Ethnobotanical study of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plant uses and threatening factors around the Malga District, Southern Ethiopia
July 2020
The study conducted in Malga district in 2019 aimed at documenting indigenous medicinal plants use among the Kebeles community, and the factors threatening local knowledge on medicinal plants before suggesting ways to overcome such threats. A total of 100 informants were selected and snowball sampling techniques were used. Ethnobotanical data were collected using semi-structured interviews, field observations, guided...
Attitudes of local leaders towards wildlife conservation in village areas in southern Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Karatu District, Tanzania
July 2020
Understanding attitudes of local leaders towards conservation issues in village areas surrounding protected areas is vital for the success of sustainable biodiversity conservation. This is because of the need of designing effective conservation programs outside protected areas and to reduce resource-based conflicts involving local communities and protected areas. Twenty villages in Karatu district located between...
Floristic assessment of semi evergreen forests of a peripheral site in Hadagarh Sanctuary, Odisha, India
April 2020
Phytosociological study was carried out in the outer periphery region of Hadagarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. An attempt has been made to find out the characteristics of the vegetation community of the forests of the sanctuary. Analysis of the vegetation was done following the standard ecological methods widely adopted for such studies (quadrat method). A total of 68 plant species from 30 families were documented...
Ingestion of plastic debris affects feeding intensity in the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus Gibbes 1850 (Brachyura: Grapsidae)
April 2020
The aim of this study was to investigate the plastic consumption by the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus and its effects in the species feeding activity. Specimens were collected monthly from August 2019 to January 2020 in a coral reef located in the north-eastern Brazilian coast, taken to the research laboratory, where they had their stomach removed, degree of fullness determined for each stomach and...
Assessment of impact of ecological elevation on grass species’ diversity in Yabello Rangeland, Southern Ethiopia
April 2020
Elevation has great impact on species’ diversity; it creates ecologically diverse vegetation. Studying species’ richness patterns at different scales is very important both for ecological explanations and effective conservation design. In this study, grass vegetation data were collected using systematic sampling methods. 18 transects and 54 quadrants were laid, with 6 transects and 18 quadrants from each...
Polymorphism of Cyclops abyssorum mauritaniae (Copepoda, Cyclopoidae) collected from Algeria water bodies
April 2020
Three morphotypes A, B and C were isolated after description of Cyclops abyssorum mauritaniae populations obtained from 46 Algerian water bodies. These are described based on their morphometric characters. Morphotype A found in six localities characterized the east of Algeria, morphotype B was collected in the west of Algeria, while morphotype C was collected in High Mountain in the North. After dissection of certain...
Poor regeneration of Brown Oak (Quercus semecarpifolia Sm.) in high altitudes: A case study from Tungnath, Western Himalaya
April 2020
This study was carried out in the timberline zone of Tungnath, Chopta region of the Chamoli District in India at eight altitudinal zones from 2,500 to 3,200 m, where the regeneration of Brown Oak was found to be very low. The data were obtained during the rainy season (August-September, 2016) by making counts of mature trees, saplings and seedlings in survey plots (50 × 50 m) at each of the eight altitudes. The...
An appraisal of ecotourism's impact on biodiversity conservation: The case of Campo Ma'an National Park, Cameroon
April 2020
Ecotourism is often perceived as a strategy for sustainable biodiversity conservation for protected areas. In Cameroon, there is dearth of information on the impacts of ecotourism on biodiversity conservation of protected areas. The main thrust of this study is to examine local population's perceptions of the impact of ecotourism on biodiversity conservation in and around the Campo Ma'an National Park (CMNP)....
Assessment of avifaunal assemblage and their distribution pattern across different habitat types of Gibe Sheleko National Park, South-western Ethiopia
January 2020
This study was conducted in Gibe Sheleko National Park from March to August 2015 covering wet and dry seasons. Sampling sites were taken based on the habitat characteristics and a transect line of 1 or less km with a distance of 250 to 300 m in between the transect lines was taken in the woodland habitat and point count was used in the riverine forest habitat. A total of 116 bird species consisting of 2 endemics to both...
Woody species diversity, structure and biomass carbon of parkland agroforestry practices in Gindeberet District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
January 2020
Parkland agroforestry woody species are prominent features in many landscapes worldwide, and their ecological, social and economic importance is widely acknowledged. It is the traditional agroforestry systems from different countries and is almost a universal occurrence in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in Gindeberet District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia to assess the parkland agroforestry woody...
Biological diversity of agroforestry species in the socioeconomic context of producers in the Barh-kôh Department, Southern Chad: Case of Kissimi, Mayelé and Badara villages
January 2020
This study aims to better understand the woody biodiversity and the relationship between the state of tree cover in the Agroforestry Park and the management units, and also to know the socio-economic role played by the trees of the parks. The study was conducted in 3 villages in Barh-kôh Department, Chad, between May and November 2018. A plot of 2500 m2 has been materialized in each management unit and the species...
Forest structure and carbon stocks of Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, Nigeria
January 2020
Forest trees and soil are considered for climate change mitigation. Forest structure of the grove is required to predict its capacity to mitigate climate change. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the forest structure and carbon stocks of Osun-Osogbo Sacred grove. Five (30 × 30 m2) plots were demarcated in Old-growth forest (OF) and Re-growth forest (RF). Trees with ≥10 cm...
Wild potatoes of series Circaeifolia (Solanun section Petota) in the Bolivian Andean region, a new evaluation of its distribution
January 2020
The Circaeifolia series species are only from Bolivia. They are species that have particular morphological characteristics different from any other within the Petota section. The taxa of the series Circaeifolia, Solanum circaeifolim, Solanum capsicibaccatum and Solanum soestii (recently grouped as Solanum stipuloideum Rusby) have been distinguished by morphological characteristics and molecular analysis, however, they...
Woody fodder species in three agro-ecological Parklands of Arba Minch Zuria Woreda, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia
January 2020
This study was conducted in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda of SNNPR, Ethiopia on Parkland agroforestry practices in three agro-ecological zones. The objective of the study was to investigate the fodder tree and shrub species composition, richness, diversity and structure. Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were held. In total, ninety 50 m × 20 m plots were laid and standard procedures were followed....
Analysis of socio-economic contribution of agroforestry systems to smallholder farmers around Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia
January 2020
Integration of trees into land use practices is an old-aged experience of smallholder farmers in Southwest Ethiopia. The contribution of this practice is much undermined. The objective of this study was to assess socio-economic contributions of agroforestry system to smallholder farmers around Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 199 households were proportionally sampled from the three selected sites (Mazora,...
Tree community structure and recruitment dynamics in savanna woodlands
January 2020
Climate, fire and herbivory rank among the key factors and processes shaping savanna woodland community composition and diversity. We analyzed recruitment dynamics, community biomass, diversity, stability and composition and their relationships with rainfall fluctuations and herbivory in a savanna woodland community in the Masai Mara National Reserve of Kenya. Seedling and sapling recruitment varied differentially...
Structure and regeneration of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br Ex G Don in Mount Mandara, Cameroon
October 2019
A study was carried out in the Mount Mandara area to assess the populations and renewal status of Parkia biglobosa, a multi-purpose species. The study was aimed at contributing to the sustainable management of this resource. Transect methods were used to count individuals of P. biglobosa in fields. Results showed that the density of P. biglobosa was 7 individuals ha-1. The basal area of P. biglobosa individuals varied...
Moisture requirements for Pinus sylvestris seeds: Variation in germination among provenances from different elevations
October 2019
Patterns of climatic variables are likely to change significantly in the coming century, with important but poorly-understood consequences for plant communities. This experiment determined how seeds of P. sylvestris collected from different elevations in two geographical regions performed when placed in simulated moisture stress conditions. Eight provenances from two regions (Norway and France) were chilled for zero and...
Current distribution, regeneration and management practice of Hagenia abyssinica in different agroforestry systems of Ethiopia: A review
October 2019
Hagenia abyssinica is a multipurpose tree, which is sparsely distributed in the highland of Ethiopia. It is used for illness remedy, furniture, fuel, and as a soil additive. This review provides information on the present status and management practice of H. abyssinica in Ethiopia to give urgency care other than that given to introduced species for future conservation. The foliage and flowers have a higher quality of N...
Floristic composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status of Wabero forest, Oromia Regional State, Southeastern Ethiopia
October 2019
Wabero forest is one of the very few remnant moist evergreen montane forests in Southeast Ethiopia. However, basic data on vegetation structure and composition of the forest that could provide valuable information for possible conservation measures is lacking. The main objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the woody species composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status of the forest. In the...
Do internal roadways influence tree diversity and density in a reserve forest? - A reality check at BRT Tiger Reserve, Karnataka, India
October 2019
Roadways are inevitable components in any human managed landscape across the world, with the sole objective to facilitate transportation. Reserve forests are not an exception to this situation. A roadway being a potential factor in influencing biodiversity, this study checks the possibility of relationship between the distance of tree communities from roads and the basic characteristics (diversity and density) of the...
Species-based approach to biodiversity conservation: An innovative step in Madagascar
October 2019
Known for its diversity and high endemicity, half of Madagascar's floral richness is sheltered in the Island's eastern evergreen dense rainforest; including key, threatened and socio-economically valuable species. The vulnerability of such habitat, combined with overexploitation of timber, threatens the livelihoods of forest communities and conservation of biological diversity. Up till date, the main actions...
Human-wildlife conflict around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry, Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
August 2019
This human-wildlife conflict study was carried out around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry. A descriptive survey design method was used and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using questionnaires. Field experiment was carried out on two selected crops - maize and enset, to estimate crop damage by wild animals. Resource competition (46%), increased wildlife population (42.5%) and livestock populations (11.5%)...
Diversity and relative abundance of birds in Loka Abaya National Park, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
August 2019
Understanding avian diversity and abundance is important for its conservation in a protected area. A study was conducted to investigate species diversity and relative abundance of birds in Loka Abaya National Park, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, between August 2017and February 2018 during wet and dry seasons. Based on satellite image and preliminary survey, the study area was stratified into riverine forest, wooded...
Typology of coffee-based agroforestry systems in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Togo (West Africa)
July 2019
This study contributes to the knowledge of the variants of coffee-based agroforestry systems (CAFS) of the semi-deciduous forest zone of Togo. To achieve this, forest, floristic and ecological data were collected in 163 random plots of 25 m × 25 m (625 m²), to analyze the typology of the CAFS and their characteristics across the study area. In the 10.1875 ha surveyed, results showed a total of 2510 stems of...
Extended distribution of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) to Indian fauna from Sangla Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India
July 2019
Testate amoebae are a group of free-living heterotrophic protists that have an organic shell or test and play a very good role as bioindicators in the ecological monitoring of environment. Inspite of the importance the percentage contribution of free living protozoans recorded from the Himalayan landscape is only about 12% of the total free living protozoans of India. This portrays a meagre diversity of species from...
Threats and their relative severity and driving forces in the African Elephant range wildlife protected areas of Ethiopia
July 2019
Anthropogenic threats to five wildlife protected areas (PAs) in Ethiopia: Omo, Mago, Chebera Churchura and Kafta Sheraro National Parks, and Babille Elephant Sanctuary were studied. The study specific objectives were to: (i) establish the relative severity of threat factors to the PAs and susceptibility of the PAs; (ii) explore underlying causes of the threats; and, (iii) identify appropriate threat mitigation measures....
Farmers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of strategies for managing wildlife crop depredation in Ghana
June 2019
Wildlife crop depredation represents a serious human-wildlife conflict around protected areas globally. It undermines farming livelihoods and local support for long-term conservation. Though studies have focused on different aspects such as the economics, spatiotemporal and vulnerability of farms to crop depredation, little attention has been given to the farmers’ evaluation of the effectiveness of the strategies...
Species’ composition and relative abundance of Lakeshore bird species around Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia
June 2019
Ecological investigation of species diversity and relative abundance of birds was conducted from January to September 2017 at the shoreline of Lake Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Three habitats namely-Tikurwuha wetland, Human settlement and Farmland were identified for the study. A total of 60 bird species under 14 orders and 37 families were identified. In general, 2720 individuals of 81 species of birds were recorded...
Diversity and floristic composition of rural and sub-urban home garden in Wadera district of Oromia region, Ethiopia
May 2019
This study was conducted in Wadera district of Oromia region in Ethiopia, with the objective of quantifying the diversity and floristic composition of home garden agroforestry systems. A stratified random sampling design was used to select 132 sample home gardens and a detailed inspection was conducted on diversity and floristic composition of the plant species using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s...
Phytosociological survey of environmental park in Antonio Danubio municipality of Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
May 2019
This article reports the floristic and phytosociology of a solid ground forest, located in the Environmental Park Antonio Danubio Lourenço da Silva, municipality of Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil. The inventory of 1 ha considered individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm, allocated twenty plots in each field, all of size 20 m x 25 m (500 m2) arranged randomly. A total of 239 plants was...
Schoolchildren as informants about bushmeat consumption in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
May 2019
Bushmeat contributes to household food security in Western Serengeti, particularly for low-income families who are unable to afford more expensive meat sources. However, as the human population grows, bushmeat demand is increasingly unsustainable. Formulating effective policies to reduce illegal bushmeat hunting in Serengeti National Park (SNP), requires information about the contribution of bushmeat to household meat...
Interface of biodiversity and ecosystem services: Does soil organic carbon correlate with the diversity of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the Uzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve, Tanzania?
April 2019
Tropical forest soils have potential to mitigate climate change and support biodiversity. Human activities in these forests threaten biodiversity and alter the ability of the soil to sequester carbon. Many tropical countries experience rampant anthropogenic activities in the forests, yet the extent to which these activities affect biodiversity and soil organic carbon and the relationship between the two is not well...
Effect of construction of natural reserve on the livelihoods and income of local residents around Conkouati-Doulinational Park, Republic Of Congo
April 2019
This study was conducted in Conkouati-Douli National Park (CDNP) to analyze the effect of CDNP construction on local residents’ livelihoods and income. A survey of questionnaires of 100 households was carried in four villages: Tandou-Ngoma, Nzambi, Ngoumbi and Mpela. Focused groups discussions, field observations and secondary data from different sources were used to collect information. The data were analyzed...
Comparative efficiency of three bait types for live trapping of small rodents in Central Africa
March 2019
Low capture rates are a persistent problem in field studies of small rodents in Central Africa. This study aims to improve trapping efficacy by comparing the effectiveness of three types of bait placed in Sherman live traps: the traditionally used fresh manioc, palm nut and bait composed of peanut butter mixed with corn flakes. Trapping sites were located in the buffer zones of a total of five forest national parks in...
Trends in compensation for human-wildlife conflict losses in Kenya
March 2019
Human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) can cause substantial losses. Compensation for such losses is essential to foster positive community attitudes toward wildlife conservation. Monetary compensation for the loss of human life, injury, crop and property damage, or livestock depredation by wildlife is a common strategy for mitigating HWC. We analyzed inter-specific, spatial, inter-annual and seasonal variation in...
Using citizen science in assessing the distribution of Sarus Crane (Grus antigone antigone) in Uttar Pradesh, India
February 2019
The Indian Sarus Crane (Grus antigone antigone), is the world's tallest flying bird and a globally 'Vulnerable' species as per IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is the only resident breeding crane in India. Citizen scientists currently play active roles in a varied range of ecological assignments, and their contributions have enabled scientists to collect large amounts of data at minimal cost. eBird is...
Activity budget of captive Drill monkeys Mandrillus leucophaeus (Cuvier) in Limbe Wildlife Center, Southwest Region, Cameroon
February 2019
Drill monkeys (Mandrillus leucophaeus) are known to be the most endangered species of primates in Africa. Hunting and habitat loss are believed to be the major causes of the species decline in Cameroon. It is for this reason that the study explored the behaviour of captive drills in Limbe Wildlife Centre (LWC) in line with reintroduction plan. Data collection started in May 15th 2016 and ended in August 15th 2016. Scan...
Breeding biology of red wattled lapwing (Vanellus Indicus) from Southern Punjab, Pakistan
February 2019
This study documented some aspects of breeding biology of Red Wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus) such as breeding season, nest structure, clutch size, incubation period, hatching and fledgling success in Bahawalpur District. We selected 6 sites for the observation; barren, open, cultivated, grassy, area along road sides, and constructed areas with the common vegetation of Cynodon dactylon, Ziziphus mauritiana, Albizia...
Assessment of woody species in agroforestry systems around Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia
January 2019
Woody species are the major components of traditional agroforestry systems. These species vary across the different types of agroforestry practices in different parts of Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess woody species across land use in three different sites around Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 100 plots were laid out on six transect lines with sample plot size of 25 m × 25 m for 20 plots...
The dynamics of medicinal plants utilization practice nexus its health and economic role in Ethiopia: A review paper
January 2019
Medicinal plants play important roles in human and animals disease treatment. 1000 medicinal plant species are identified and reported in the Ethiopian Flora. They contribute and is more preferable for new drug development. Ethiopia has the potential to become an important source country, given the diversity of plants and the rich traditional knowledge regarding their use. The main sources of medicinal plants for...
Impacts of human activities on wildlife: The case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros) Gambella National Park, Southwest Ethiopia
January 2019
Assessing human-induced threatening factors to wildlife is the basis in determining and proposing appropriate conservation measures. The present study was conducted to assess impacts of human activities on wildlife in Gambella National Park, Southwest of Ethiopia, from October 2015 to March 2016, focusing on the case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros). The data in this study were gathered using questionnaires with...
On farm diversity of barley landraces in North Western Ethiopia
January 2019
Barley is one of the major cereal crops grown in Ethiopia. The diversity of barley landraces kept for generations in Ethiopia is nowadays subject to genetic erosion. This is true in North Gondar highlands of the country as well. This research was therefore initiated with the aim of studying the farm diversity status of barley landraces in Debark, Dabat and Wogera districts. A total of 180 randomly selected farmers from...
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