April 2020
Floristic assessment of semi evergreen forests of a peripheral site in Hadagarh Sanctuary, Odisha, India
Phytosociological study was carried out in the outer periphery region of Hadagarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. An attempt has been made to find out the characteristics of the vegetation community of the forests of the sanctuary. Analysis of the vegetation was done following the standard ecological methods widely adopted for such studies (quadrat method). A total of 68 plant species from 30 families were documented...
April 2020
Ingestion of plastic debris affects feeding intensity in the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus Gibbes 1850 (Brachyura: Grapsidae)
The aim of this study was to investigate the plastic consumption by the rocky shore crab Pachygrapsus transversus and its effects in the species feeding activity. Specimens were collected monthly from August 2019 to January 2020 in a coral reef located in the north-eastern Brazilian coast, taken to the research laboratory, where they had their stomach removed, degree of fullness determined for each stomach and...
January 2020
Assessment of avifaunal assemblage and their distribution pattern across different habitat types of Gibe Sheleko National Park, South-western Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Gibe Sheleko National Park from March to August 2015 covering wet and dry seasons. Sampling sites were taken based on the habitat characteristics and a transect line of 1 or less km with a distance of 250 to 300 m in between the transect lines was taken in the woodland habitat and point count was used in the riverine forest habitat. A total of 116 bird species consisting of 2 endemics to both...
January 2020
Woody species diversity, structure and biomass carbon of parkland agroforestry practices in Gindeberet District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Parkland agroforestry woody species are prominent features in many landscapes worldwide, and their ecological, social and economic importance is widely acknowledged. It is the traditional agroforestry systems from different countries and is almost a universal occurrence in Ethiopia. This study was conducted in Gindeberet District, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia to assess the parkland agroforestry woody...
January 2020
Biological diversity of agroforestry species in the socioeconomic context of producers in the Barh-kôh Department, Southern Chad: Case of Kissimi, Mayelé and Badara villages
This study aims to better understand the woody biodiversity and the relationship between the state of tree cover in the Agroforestry Park and the management units, and also to know the socio-economic role played by the trees of the parks. The study was conducted in 3 villages in Barh-kôh Department, Chad, between May and November 2018. A plot of 2500 m2 has been materialized in each management unit and the species...
January 2020
Forest structure and carbon stocks of Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, Nigeria
Forest trees and soil are considered for climate change mitigation. Forest structure of the grove is required to predict its capacity to mitigate climate change. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the forest structure and carbon stocks of Osun-Osogbo Sacred grove. Five (30 × 30 m2) plots were demarcated in Old-growth forest (OF) and Re-growth forest (RF). Trees with ≥10 cm...
January 2020
Wild potatoes of series Circaeifolia (Solanun section Petota) in the Bolivian Andean region, a new evaluation of its distribution
The Circaeifolia series species are only from Bolivia. They are species that have particular morphological characteristics different from any other within the Petota section. The taxa of the series Circaeifolia, Solanum circaeifolim, Solanum capsicibaccatum and Solanum soestii (recently grouped as Solanum stipuloideum Rusby) have been distinguished by morphological characteristics and molecular analysis, however, they...
January 2020
Woody fodder species in three agro-ecological Parklands of Arba Minch Zuria Woreda, Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Arba Minch Zuria Woreda of SNNPR, Ethiopia on Parkland agroforestry practices in three agro-ecological zones. The objective of the study was to investigate the fodder tree and shrub species composition, richness, diversity and structure. Key Informant Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were held. In total, ninety 50 m × 20 m plots were laid and standard procedures were followed....
January 2020
Analysis of socio-economic contribution of agroforestry systems to smallholder farmers around Jimma town, Southwestern Ethiopia
Integration of trees into land use practices is an old-aged experience of smallholder farmers in Southwest Ethiopia. The contribution of this practice is much undermined. The objective of this study was to assess socio-economic contributions of agroforestry system to smallholder farmers around Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 199 households were proportionally sampled from the three selected sites (Mazora,...
January 2020
Tree community structure and recruitment dynamics in savanna woodlands
Climate, fire and herbivory rank among the key factors and processes shaping savanna woodland community composition and diversity. We analyzed recruitment dynamics, community biomass, diversity, stability and composition and their relationships with rainfall fluctuations and herbivory in a savanna woodland community in the Masai Mara National Reserve of Kenya. Seedling and sapling recruitment varied differentially...
October 2019
Structure and regeneration of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br Ex G Don in Mount Mandara, Cameroon
A study was carried out in the Mount Mandara area to assess the populations and renewal status of Parkia biglobosa, a multi-purpose species. The study was aimed at contributing to the sustainable management of this resource. Transect methods were used to count individuals of P. biglobosa in fields. Results showed that the density of P. biglobosa was 7 individuals ha-1. The basal area of P. biglobosa individuals varied...
October 2019
Moisture requirements for Pinus sylvestris seeds: Variation in germination among provenances from different elevations
Patterns of climatic variables are likely to change significantly in the coming century, with important but poorly-understood consequences for plant communities. This experiment determined how seeds of P. sylvestris collected from different elevations in two geographical regions performed when placed in simulated moisture stress conditions. Eight provenances from two regions (Norway and France) were chilled for zero and...
October 2019
Current distribution, regeneration and management practice of Hagenia abyssinica in different agroforestry systems of Ethiopia: A review
Hagenia abyssinica is a multipurpose tree, which is sparsely distributed in the highland of Ethiopia. It is used for illness remedy, furniture, fuel, and as a soil additive. This review provides information on the present status and management practice of H. abyssinica in Ethiopia to give urgency care other than that given to introduced species for future conservation. The foliage and flowers have a higher quality of N...
October 2019
Floristic composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status of Wabero forest, Oromia Regional State, Southeastern Ethiopia
Wabero forest is one of the very few remnant moist evergreen montane forests in Southeast Ethiopia. However, basic data on vegetation structure and composition of the forest that could provide valuable information for possible conservation measures is lacking. The main objective of this study, therefore, was to investigate the woody species composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status of the forest. In the...
October 2019
Do internal roadways influence tree diversity and density in a reserve forest? - A reality check at BRT Tiger Reserve, Karnataka, India
Roadways are inevitable components in any human managed landscape across the world, with the sole objective to facilitate transportation. Reserve forests are not an exception to this situation. A roadway being a potential factor in influencing biodiversity, this study checks the possibility of relationship between the distance of tree communities from roads and the basic characteristics (diversity and density) of the...
October 2019
Species-based approach to biodiversity conservation: An innovative step in Madagascar
Known for its diversity and high endemicity, half of Madagascar's floral richness is sheltered in the Island's eastern evergreen dense rainforest; including key, threatened and socio-economically valuable species. The vulnerability of such habitat, combined with overexploitation of timber, threatens the livelihoods of forest communities and conservation of biological diversity. Up till date, the main actions...
August 2019
Human-wildlife conflict around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry, Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
This human-wildlife conflict study was carried out around Midre-Kebid Abo Monastry. A descriptive survey design method was used and both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using questionnaires. Field experiment was carried out on two selected crops - maize and enset, to estimate crop damage by wild animals. Resource competition (46%), increased wildlife population (42.5%) and livestock populations (11.5%)...
August 2019
Diversity and relative abundance of birds in Loka Abaya National Park, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Understanding avian diversity and abundance is important for its conservation in a protected area. A study was conducted to investigate species diversity and relative abundance of birds in Loka Abaya National Park, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, between August 2017and February 2018 during wet and dry seasons. Based on satellite image and preliminary survey, the study area was stratified into riverine forest, wooded...
July 2019
Typology of coffee-based agroforestry systems in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Togo (West Africa)
This study contributes to the knowledge of the variants of coffee-based agroforestry systems (CAFS) of the semi-deciduous forest zone of Togo. To achieve this, forest, floristic and ecological data were collected in 163 random plots of 25 m × 25 m (625 m²), to analyze the typology of the CAFS and their characteristics across the study area. In the 10.1875 ha surveyed, results showed a total of 2510 stems of...
July 2019
Extended distribution of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) to Indian fauna from Sangla Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India
Testate amoebae are a group of free-living heterotrophic protists that have an organic shell or test and play a very good role as bioindicators in the ecological monitoring of environment. Inspite of the importance the percentage contribution of free living protozoans recorded from the Himalayan landscape is only about 12% of the total free living protozoans of India. This portrays a meagre diversity of species from...
July 2019
Threats and their relative severity and driving forces in the African Elephant range wildlife protected areas of Ethiopia
Anthropogenic threats to five wildlife protected areas (PAs) in Ethiopia: Omo, Mago, Chebera Churchura and Kafta Sheraro National Parks, and Babille Elephant Sanctuary were studied. The study specific objectives were to: (i) establish the relative severity of threat factors to the PAs and susceptibility of the PAs; (ii) explore underlying causes of the threats; and, (iii) identify appropriate threat mitigation measures....
June 2019
Farmers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of strategies for managing wildlife crop depredation in Ghana
Wildlife crop depredation represents a serious human-wildlife conflict around protected areas globally. It undermines farming livelihoods and local support for long-term conservation. Though studies have focused on different aspects such as the economics, spatiotemporal and vulnerability of farms to crop depredation, little attention has been given to the farmers’ evaluation of the effectiveness of the strategies...
June 2019
Species’ composition and relative abundance of Lakeshore bird species around Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia
Ecological investigation of species diversity and relative abundance of birds was conducted from January to September 2017 at the shoreline of Lake Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Three habitats namely-Tikurwuha wetland, Human settlement and Farmland were identified for the study. A total of 60 bird species under 14 orders and 37 families were identified. In general, 2720 individuals of 81 species of birds were recorded...
May 2019
Diversity and floristic composition of rural and sub-urban home garden in Wadera district of Oromia region, Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Wadera district of Oromia region in Ethiopia, with the objective of quantifying the diversity and floristic composition of home garden agroforestry systems. A stratified random sampling design was used to select 132 sample home gardens and a detailed inspection was conducted on diversity and floristic composition of the plant species using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s...
May 2019
Phytosociological survey of environmental park in Antonio Danubio municipality of Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
This article reports the floristic and phytosociology of a solid ground forest, located in the Environmental Park Antonio Danubio Lourenço da Silva, municipality of Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil. The inventory of 1 ha considered individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm, allocated twenty plots in each field, all of size 20 m x 25 m (500 m2) arranged randomly. A total of 239 plants was...
May 2019
Schoolchildren as informants about bushmeat consumption in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
Bushmeat contributes to household food security in Western Serengeti, particularly for low-income families who are unable to afford more expensive meat sources. However, as the human population grows, bushmeat demand is increasingly unsustainable. Formulating effective policies to reduce illegal bushmeat hunting in Serengeti National Park (SNP), requires information about the contribution of bushmeat to household meat...
April 2019
Interface of biodiversity and ecosystem services: Does soil organic carbon correlate with the diversity of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the Uzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve, Tanzania?
Tropical forest soils have potential to mitigate climate change and support biodiversity. Human activities in these forests threaten biodiversity and alter the ability of the soil to sequester carbon. Many tropical countries experience rampant anthropogenic activities in the forests, yet the extent to which these activities affect biodiversity and soil organic carbon and the relationship between the two is not well...
April 2019
Effect of construction of natural reserve on the livelihoods and income of local residents around Conkouati-Doulinational Park, Republic Of Congo
This study was conducted in Conkouati-Douli National Park (CDNP) to analyze the effect of CDNP construction on local residents’ livelihoods and income. A survey of questionnaires of 100 households was carried in four villages: Tandou-Ngoma, Nzambi, Ngoumbi and Mpela. Focused groups discussions, field observations and secondary data from different sources were used to collect information. The data were analyzed...
March 2019
Comparative efficiency of three bait types for live trapping of small rodents in Central Africa
Low capture rates are a persistent problem in field studies of small rodents in Central Africa. This study aims to improve trapping efficacy by comparing the effectiveness of three types of bait placed in Sherman live traps: the traditionally used fresh manioc, palm nut and bait composed of peanut butter mixed with corn flakes. Trapping sites were located in the buffer zones of a total of five forest national parks in...
March 2019
Trends in compensation for human-wildlife conflict losses in Kenya
Human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) can cause substantial losses. Compensation for such losses is essential to foster positive community attitudes toward wildlife conservation. Monetary compensation for the loss of human life, injury, crop and property damage, or livestock depredation by wildlife is a common strategy for mitigating HWC. We analyzed inter-specific, spatial, inter-annual and seasonal variation in...
February 2019
Using citizen science in assessing the distribution of Sarus Crane (Grus antigone antigone) in Uttar Pradesh, India
The Indian Sarus Crane (Grus antigone antigone), is the world's tallest flying bird and a globally 'Vulnerable' species as per IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is the only resident breeding crane in India. Citizen scientists currently play active roles in a varied range of ecological assignments, and their contributions have enabled scientists to collect large amounts of data at minimal cost. eBird is...
February 2019
Activity budget of captive Drill monkeys Mandrillus leucophaeus (Cuvier) in Limbe Wildlife Center, Southwest Region, Cameroon
Drill monkeys (Mandrillus leucophaeus) are known to be the most endangered species of primates in Africa. Hunting and habitat loss are believed to be the major causes of the species decline in Cameroon. It is for this reason that the study explored the behaviour of captive drills in Limbe Wildlife Centre (LWC) in line with reintroduction plan. Data collection started in May 15th 2016 and ended in August 15th 2016. Scan...
February 2019
Breeding biology of red wattled lapwing (Vanellus Indicus) from Southern Punjab, Pakistan
This study documented some aspects of breeding biology of Red Wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus) such as breeding season, nest structure, clutch size, incubation period, hatching and fledgling success in Bahawalpur District. We selected 6 sites for the observation; barren, open, cultivated, grassy, area along road sides, and constructed areas with the common vegetation of Cynodon dactylon, Ziziphus mauritiana, Albizia...
January 2019
Assessment of woody species in agroforestry systems around Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia
Woody species are the major components of traditional agroforestry systems. These species vary across the different types of agroforestry practices in different parts of Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess woody species across land use in three different sites around Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 100 plots were laid out on six transect lines with sample plot size of 25 m × 25 m for 20 plots...
January 2019
The dynamics of medicinal plants utilization practice nexus its health and economic role in Ethiopia: A review paper
Medicinal plants play important roles in human and animals disease treatment. 1000 medicinal plant species are identified and reported in the Ethiopian Flora. They contribute and is more preferable for new drug development. Ethiopia has the potential to become an important source country, given the diversity of plants and the rich traditional knowledge regarding their use. The main sources of medicinal plants for...
January 2019
Impacts of human activities on wildlife: The case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros) Gambella National Park, Southwest Ethiopia
Assessing human-induced threatening factors to wildlife is the basis in determining and proposing appropriate conservation measures. The present study was conducted to assess impacts of human activities on wildlife in Gambella National Park, Southwest of Ethiopia, from October 2015 to March 2016, focusing on the case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros). The data in this study were gathered using questionnaires with...
January 2019
On farm diversity of barley landraces in North Western Ethiopia
Barley is one of the major cereal crops grown in Ethiopia. The diversity of barley landraces kept for generations in Ethiopia is nowadays subject to genetic erosion. This is true in North Gondar highlands of the country as well. This research was therefore initiated with the aim of studying the farm diversity status of barley landraces in Debark, Dabat and Wogera districts. A total of 180 randomly selected farmers from...
January 2019
Ecological distribution, diversity and use of the genus Digitaria Haller (Poaceae) in Senegal
The genus Digitaria Haller is one of the most important of grass flora of Senegal by both its specific richness and the socio-economic value of its species. Despite this importance, no studies have been done specifically on these species. This study aims, therefore, to document the diversity, distribution, ecology and usefulness of the genus of such species for raising public awareness about botanical, ecological...
December 2018
A preliminary study on species composition, relative abundance and distribution of bird species in Choke Mountains, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
Avian diversity is among the key components of the earth’s biodiversity. This study was conducted in Choke Mountains from January to April, 2018 to identify the diversity, relative abundance and distribution of avian fauna. Data were collected in three different habitats (natural forest, grazing and protected areas). The sampling areas were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Point count (for...
December 2018
Diversity of local varieties of banana and plantain cultivated in Benin
Banana and plantain are popular fruits considered as major staple foods, and provide significant income to farming communities. A handicap to their development and production remains access to quality suckers. However, their diversity is still unknown in Benin. To assess the knowledge on the diversity of local varieties of both dessert banana and plantain at the community level, ethnobotanical surveys were undertaken...
December 2018
An evaluation of the effectiveness of the co-management approach in selected protected areas of Bangladesh
This study undertook a qualitative approach to evaluate the perceptions and attitudes of stakeholders towards the effectiveness of planning and management, in three protected areas in Bangladesh. A complex socio-economic context was revealed, within which there were diverse views leading, in some cases, to ongoing conflict and difficulty in law enforcement. While the co-management approach in theory takes the interests...
November 2018
Conservation status assessment of native vascular flora of Kalam Valley, Swat District, Northern Pakistan
In the present study, conservation status of important vascular flora found in Kalam valley was assessed. Kalam Valley represents the extreme northern part of Swat District in KPK Province of Pakistan. The valley contains some of the precious medicinal plants. 245 plant species which were assessed for conservation studies revealed that 10.20% (25 species) were found to be endangered, 28.16% (69 species) appeared to be...
November 2018
Structure and diversity of weed communities associated with Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Scarlette “Zucchini” in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Weed communities constitute an important component of any agro-ecosystem. Weeds are widespread among different crop cultivars and usually cause many changes. Cucurbita pepo is a common vegetable cultivated around the world. Additionally, there is a significant increase in the cultivation of Cucurbita pepo in Saudi Arabia. During the 2015 and 2017 growing seasons of Cucurbita pepo “zucchini,” weed communities...
November 2018
Socioeconomic implication of protecting natural vegetation: The case of Gra-Kahsu protecting natural vegetation In Southern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Communities in southern Tigray have established the protection of natural vegetation on formerly degraded grazing lands to promote natural regeneration of plants. Even though same scholars in Tigray have developed their research of environmental management that enjoy great acceptability, the socioeconomic implication of environmental protection has been generally low. Hence, a study on understanding the socioeconomic...
October 2018
“Ecology of soil seed banks: Implications for conservation and restoration of natural vegetation”: A review
Seed bank (henceforth referred to as SB) refers to viable seed which is present on or in soil and associated with litter/humus. Under different land use/land cover systems and climatic regions, density of seeds in the soil is variable both in space and time. SB density decreases with increasing depth and age of seeds in the soil. Smaller seeds are more easily incorporated, moved to deeper soil layers and persist longer...
October 2018
Characteristics of macrophytes in the Lubigi Wetland in Uganda
The Lubigi wetland, which is located in the north-western part of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda has been severely strained from anthropogenic encroachment and activities. These activities include harvesting of Cyperus papyrus and other plants, land filling for reclamation, human settlements and disposal of wastewater into the wetland among others. As a result of these anthropogenic activities, the macrophytes...
October 2018
Resource partitioning among sympatric species of primates at Kakum Conservation Area, Ghana
We investigated how four primate species in Kakum Conservation Area (KCA) coexisted after logging shrunk their feeding resources. We used multivariate discriminant function analysis to determine whether feeding sites and food types could discriminate them. Results showed that lower canopy discriminated Cercopithecus mona and Cercopithecus petaurista; middle canopy, C. petaurista and Procolobus verus; upper canopy P....
October 2018
Spatial variation in diversity of woody vegetation species within Kwara State University Malete campus, Kwara, Nigeria
The roles of woody vegetations and Africa savanna in human development and survival as attracted interest in their conservation to prevent the depletion or loss of those resources. However, there is need for accurate data on species composition, distribution and conservation of woody species in many parts of Africa for adequate planning, monitoring, management and conservation efforts. This study assessed woody species...
October 2018
Butterfly species composition and diversity in a protected area of Karnataka, India
Field investigations were made to record the diversity of butterflies at six forest ranges in Nagarahole National Park (NNP), Karnataka during 2014 to 2015. 138 butterfly species were recorded from 94 genera, which belong to five families such as Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, and Pieridae. Species composition varied significantly (F = 93.85; P < 0.05) among forest ranges in NNP; 113 butterfly...
October 2018
Determinants of revegetation on landslide scars in an agro-based socio-ecological system in Bududa, Uganda
Landslides cause displacement or loss of plant cover, soil and other materials on slopes. Exposure of soil accelerates erosion processes thus contributing to stream sedimentation. Though playing a crucial role in stabilising scars there is limited understanding of the plant species colonisation process. This study aimed at examining the determinants and status of plant revegetation on a recent landslide scar in Bududa...
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