Bond length effect of fiber reinforced polymers bonded reinforced concrete beams
October 2011
There has been a large amount of experimental study on strengthening of concrete structures in recent years. An alternative method to experimental study is the finite element method when studying the performance of concrete beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer. Although many improvements have been recorded with the experimental studies, there are still needs for reliable numerical studies. The behavior of...
Downscaling Albedo from moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) to advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) over an agricultural area utilizing ASTER visible-near infrared spectral bands
October 2011
Due to the limitation in spatial and spectral resolution, a few numbers of satellite data are applicable in field scale surface Albedo modeling. ASTER was an alternative for surface energy balance modeling, but since April 2008, shortwave detector has stopped recording due to the high-abnormal-temperature problem. Beside, temporal resolution of ASTER is insufficient for field-scale monitoring of surface parameters....
Computation of shoreline change: A transient cross-shore sediment transport approach
October 2011
It has been well understood that almost all coasts experience permanent and transient changes due to water waves and other causes in different times. Build-up and erosion of the dunes in the vicinity of the shoreline is a morphodynamic process made by the cycle of windblown fine sediments and wave surges. This phenomenon has been investigated and the beach profile change has been represented by a mathematical...
Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow past an infinite vertical plate immersed in a stably stratified fluid
October 2011
The effect of transverse magnetic field on the flow past an infinite vertical plate, immersed in a stably stratified fluid has been investigated. The non-dimensional governing equations are solved by Laplace transform technique. Numerical computations for velocity, temperature, plate heat flux and skin-friction are made for different values of the physical parameters and shown in graphs. Important observations due to...
X-ray spectroscopic evaluation of zinc at different applied pressure
October 2011
K X-ray fluorescence cross-sections of zinc (Zn) in linear region and infinite mass thickness region are measured using Si(Li) detector at photon excitation energy of 59.5 keV. Besides, this study has investigated the effect of experimental fluorescence cross-sections on relation between two different mass thickness of the sample with different applied pressures. Harmony between linear and infinitive (critical)...
A case study of the application of electrical resistivity imaging for investigation of a landslide along highway
October 2011
Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) survey was conducted in an area where landslide occurred in the Elmadag district of Ankara-Kirikkale highway and railway route, central Turkey. Landslide occurred after heavy rainfall in a rock consisting of a succession of limestone layer which was fractured. Electrical resistivity and borehole surveys were carried out to obtain the characterization and quantification of the...
The physics aspect of price index changes: Super- diffusive approach
October 2011
Attempts were made to quantify the buying and selling interaction of worldwide financial markets into quantitative findings. We introduce a probability density derived from non-extensive Tsallis statistical mechanics that can be applied to the interpretation of percent price index changes for important indices such as NYSE Composite, DJIA, S&P 500, NASDAQ Composite, FTSE 100, NIKKEI 225, Hang Seng, Straits Times and...
Evaluation of stock market technical efficiency with a comparison of groups of companies in Dhaka stock exchange
October 2011
The objective of this study was to measure stock market efficiency of the groups of companies, such as Group-A (financial), Group-A (non-financial), Group-B and Group-Z of Dhaka stock exchange (DSE) market in Bangladesh applying the Stochastic Frontier approach, incorporating technical inefficiency effect model. Among the four groups, most efficient group was Group-A (financial) and most inefficient group was Group-Z....
Effects of NMES on pharyngeal muscle group synergy while swallowing
October 2011
The act of swallowing is an extremely complicated event involving multiple muscle groups engaged in complex synergies. Traditionally, dysphagia therapy has focused on muscle strengthening and range of movement. However, recent evidence suggests that specific and shared muscle synergies play a critical role in the coordinated movements required in swallowing. This study investigated the overall effects of muscle strength...
Separation of fetal electrocardiography (ECG) from composite ECG using adaptive linear neural network for fetal monitoring
October 2011
The signal strength of the maternal ECG (MECG) is usually many times that of the fetal ECG (FECG). Separating FECG from abdominal ECG (AECG) is therefore always a challenge. Some multiple-lead algorithms use the thoracic MECG to cancel the MECG in the AECG to get FECG, though this is inconvenient for the patient during long-term monitoring. Hence, this paper describes an adaptive method to separate fetal ECG from...
A new approach based on genetic algorithm in Schrödinger equation solution for nanostructure applications, the effect of some genetic and Monte Carlo operators
October 2011
In this work, we have developed our previous work which combines the genetic algorithm, Monte Carlo and variational methods (GMV). Some new facts about the application of the method are revealed. In order to illustrate the Fmethod, the diamagnetic shift and the effect of the barrier thickness on the exciton binding energy of the GaAs0.7Sb0.3/GaAs single quantum well (GW) are described. Key...
Determination of temperature effect on mechanical properties of templated mesoporous silica aerogels by nanoindentation method
October 2011
Cross-linking is known as a chemical process to improve the mechanical properties by adding polymer. Therefore, the pore walls of aerogels can be strengthened by coating with polymer. In this study, the mechanical properties of a cross-linked monolithic silica aerogel have been examined by nanoindentation tests at different temperatures. Creep compliance values were analyzed as a function of time by linear viscoelastic...
Demulsification of petroleum emulsions using microwave separation method
October 2011
The formation of emulsions during oil production and processing is a costly problem, both in terms of chemicals used and production losses. For economic and operational reasons, it is necessary to separate the water completely from crude oils before transporting or refining them. Experimental data are presented to show the influences of Triton X-100, low-sulfur wax residue (LSWR), sorbitan monooleate (Span 83) and...
A deterministic model of HIV/AIDS with vertical transmission in the presence of infected immigrants
October 2011
A non-linear mathematical model for HIV epidemic that spreads in a variable size population through both horizontal and vertical transmission in the presence of HIV infected immigrants is studied. The equilibrium points of the model are found and the stability is investigated. The model exhibits two equilibria, namely, the disease-free and the endemic equilibrium. It is shown that if the basic reproduction...
Smoothing Newton method for absolute value equations based on aggregate function
October 2011
We investigate the NP-hard absolute value equation (AVE) Ax - |x| = b, where A is an arbitrary square matrix whose singular values exceed one. The significance of the absolute value equations arises from the fact that linear programs, quadratic programs, bimatrix games and other problems can all be reduced to the linear complementarity problem that in turn is equivalent to the absolute value...
A modified variational iteration method for solving generalized Boussinesq equation and Lie’nard equation
October 2011
In this paper, we use modified variational iteration method (MVIM) for solving generalized Boussinesq equation and Lie'nard equation. The obtained solutions of these equations using the traditional variational iteration method (VIM) give good approximations only in the neighborhood of the initial position. The main advantage of the MVIM is that it can enlarge the convergence region of iterative approximate...
Mixed equilibrium variational inequalities
October 2011
In this paper, we introduce and consider a new class of equilibrium problems and variational inequalities, which is called the mixed equilibrium-variational inequality. We use the auxiliary principle technique to suggest and analyze some explicit and proximal-point iterative methods for solving the mixed equilibrium-variational inequalities. Convergence of these iterative methods is proved under very mild and suitable...
Stability analysis of fuzzy filtering type III
October 2011
In order to get the best corresponding answer in accordance with a reference model signal, digital filters should have the minimum error at its output using the mean square criterion. Inserting a fuzzy mechanism into its internal structure to construct an intelligent filter, the reference signal was adaptively interpreted to select and emit a decision answer in accordance with external reference signal changes, thereby...
EGG signal classification using statistical analysis
October 2011
The method is used to register the laryngeal behavior indirectly by measuring change in the electrical impedance across the throat during speech or voice. In this Electroglottography (EGG) signal acquisition, the electrodes are made of steel. They have the form of rectangles covering an area of 10.75 cm2. It is designed as a ring electrode encircling each of the two other electrodes. The electrodes are mounted on a...
An approach with distance-angle based search algorithm in route design for minimizing earthwork
October 2011
The two dimensional (2D) planimetric view of the axis of the transportation modals on the ground is called route. The process of the connecting two given points (start and end points of the route) generates various alternative paths based on geometric standards of the design of a route, in particular based on an appropriate longitudinal grade of vertical profile. In this article, a method that connects two given points...
Investigation of bearing capacity changes of different clays by using the Menard pressuremeter tests
October 2011
Determination of bearing capacities of clay soils always have been a major problem in Geotechnical Engineering, because of the fact that long-term laboratory tests are required on undisturbed samples. But, it is very difficult to get undisturbed sample from sites and the bearing capacities which were calculated with the laboratory test values are always greater than the actual bearing capacities. The Menard...
Effect of drainage and land clearing on selected peat soil physical properties of secondary peat swamp forest
October 2011
A study was carried out to determine the effect of drainage and land clearing on selected peat soil physical properties of secondary peat swamp forest. This study was conducted in a drained secondary peat swamp forest and a cleared site of drained secondary peat swamp forest at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia. A 300 m2 experimental plot was prepared at both sites. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, bearing capacity and...
Simplified design guidelines for seismic base isolation in multi-storey buildings for Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC)
October 2011
Seismic base isolation is now a days moving towards a very efficient tool in seismic design of structure. Increasing flexibility of structure is well achieved by the insertion of these additional elements between upper structure and foundation as they absorb larger part of seismic energy. However in Bangladesh, this research is still young for building structures. Therefore, this is a burning question to design...
Dielectric constant, electrical conductivity and relaxation time measurements of different gold nanoparticle sizes
October 2011
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) offer a great possibility for biomedical application, not only to pharmaceutics approaches, but also as novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. One of the important concerns is about their safety in clinical applications. Nanoparticle size has been shown to be an extremely important parameter affecting the nanoparticle uptake and cellular internalization. The aim of the present study was...
Proposed design of DC low voltage acceleration system
October 2011
A novel approach was given by both beam simulation (using SIMION computer program) and analytical treatment, which are useful tools for the design of a constant gradient acceleration system. An analytical treatment is used to simulate the beam line within a single gap accelerating system. The tracing of the beam line inside the gap shows a decrease of the beam output radius with the increase of the...
Level studies of 71Ge via 71Ga (P, n) 71Ge reaction and density of discrete levels in 71Ge
October 2011
The excited states of 71Ge have been investigated via the 71Ga (P, n) 71Ge reaction with the proton beam energies from 2.5 to 4.3 MeV. The parameters of the nuclear level density formula have been determined from the extensive and complete level scheme for 71Ge. The Bethe formula for the back-shifted Fermi gas model and the constant temperature model are compared with the experimental level...
High resolution range profile based extraction of radar target length
October 2011
Radar target identification using high resolution range profile (HRRP), the target length is an important feature due to that it can reduce the time of identification and mitigate noise redundancy. Traditional threshold methods with the different operators are highly sensitive to noise. In this paper, we proposed an adaptive difference operator for target length feature extraction from HRRP. Experimental results...
Optimal homotopy asymptotic method solution to convection heat transfer flow
October 2011
In this paper, we apply optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM) to compute an approximation to solve the problem of forced convection over a horizontal flat plate. We investigate in this work, that OHAM, being independent of free parameter, provides greater accuracy and yields a good agreement. Moreover, its convergence domain can be easily adjusted and controlled, which shows that OHAM is more effective and easy than...
Interactive computing and measurement in three dimensional ultrasound fetal volumetric reconstruction using visualization toolkit
October 2011
We have proposed the generic computing of 3D ultrasound volumetric reconstruction and measurement using visualization toolkit (VTK) open source computing approach. In present research, we have investigated the extent of voxel conversion from two dimensional image pixels to three dimension volume spacing. This is essentially important to analyze that the measurement on 3D volumetric possesses higher impact and...
Automated surface micro flaw inspection for quality control of electronic chips
October 2011
This research proposes a new approach that applies discrete cosine transform (DCT) based enhancement for the detection of micro flaws on electronic chips. A two-stage decomposition procedure is proposed to extract an odd-odd frequency matrix after a digital image has been transformed to DCT domain. The cumulative sum algorithm is then applied to detect the transition points of the gentle curves plotted from the odd-odd...
Investigation of a new islanding detection method for distributed power generation systems
October 2011
Distributed power generation systems (DPGSs) require reliable islanding detection algorithms (passive or active) in order to determine the electrical grid status and operate the grid connection control system properly. This paper proposes a new islanding detection method for any possible network loading based on utilizing and combining various system parameter indices. In order to secure the detection of islanding,...
Effect of internal heat generation on Marangoni convection in a superposed fluid-porous layer with deformable free surface
October 2011
Linear stability analysis is applied to investigate the effect of internal heat generation on Marangoni convection in a two-layer system comprising an incompressible fluid-saturated porous layer over which lies a layer of the same fluid. The upper free surface is deformable and is subject to a general thermal condition, while the lower boundary is rigid and is fixed at a constant temperature (isothermal) or a constant...
Application of He’s energy balance method for nonlinear vibration of thin circular sector cylinder
October 2011
This paper deals with application of a new kind of analytical technique for a non-linear problem called the He’s Energy Balance Method (EBM). This methodology has been utilized to achieve approximate solutions for nonlinear free vibration of conservative thick circular sector slabs. In Energy Balance Method, contrary to the conventional methods, only one iteration leads to high accuracy of...
A collision-based fast hash function
October 2011
A cryptographic hash function is proposed based on a simple physical model. The model contains two balls and a ring. Each ball moves and collides with the fixed ring. Message is modeled as perturbations, which influence the motions of balls. The final positions and velocities of the two balls are converted to hash value. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed simple physical model has excellent...
Fuzzy logic applied to control a one degree of freedom (DOF) pneumatic robot
October 2011
For many years, the vast majority of robots have been built with electrical actuators, and pneumatic actuators are not considered to control the position of a manipulator robot. Instead, electrical actuators are used. The main concern with pneumatic actuators is the highly non linear behavior, due to the high compressibility of the air. This work is focused on a one degree of freedom (DOF) robot, with...
Elementary school student’s acceptance of Lego NXT: The technology acceptance model, a preliminary investigation
October 2011
The Lego NXT Software Development module had successfully used challenges and emulations to improve the student experience, but these challenges were somewhat artificial in nature. It was expected that the use of the Lego models would supply more focus for the students and enable them to prep over the course of the module, building on their knowledge each week, on the development of a meaningful achievement. The purpose...
Hidden Markov models (HMMs) isolated word recognizer with the optimization of acoustical analysis and modeling techniques
October 2011
Most state of the art automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are typically based on continuous Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) as acoustic modeling technique. It has been shown that the performance of HMM speech recognizers may be affected by a bad choice of the type of acoustic feature parameters in the acoustic front end module. For these reasons, we propose in this paper a dedicated isolated word recognition system...
Thermal and dielectric properties of polypyrrole-poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites
October 2011
Thermal properties of the polypyrrole-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PPy)-(PMMA) compositeswere analyzed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A decrease in the glass transition temperatures Tg with the PPy concentration content reveals the increase of segmental motion. Dielectric properties of these composites were studied in the frequency...
Unsteady mixed convection visco-elastic flow and heat transfer in a thin film flow over a porous stretching sheet with internal heat generation
October 2011
In this study, a two-dimensional unsteady mixed convection flow of an incompressible visco-elastic fluid over a porous thermal forming thin film stretching sheet with internal heat generation has been studied. Two novel items x and are presented for free convection in porous space important parameters and an internal heat generation phenomena, respectively. The similarity transformation and an...
Sensing and filtering characteristics of electrostatic sensors for pneumatically conveyed particles
October 2011
Electrostatic sensor, which can also be called as triboelectric sensor or electrodynamic sensor, senses the electrostatic charge carried by the dry particle in pneumatic conveyor. Source of the signal induced on the electrostatic sensor is brought by the object to be measured and no excitation circuit is necessary. Electrostatic sensors are used in the process industry due their low cost and robust. This paper describes...
Effect of an electric field within microscopy focused ion beam (FIB) between manipulator sharp and the ion trap of the electron detector
October 2011
The manipulation of samples with micro manipulators sharps in the normal axis to the observation plane is practically blind in microscopy focused ion beam (FIB) mono beam. The application of a negative potential to the manipulator sharp has been considered, which causes differences of electrical potential between the detector and the sample holder, generating an electric field between the sharp and the sample....
Influence of ultra violet radiation on the surface and leakage current of silicone rubber insulator
October 2011
This paper deals with the surface degradation characteristics of 20 kV silicone rubbers (SiR). A chamber containing nine ultra violet (UV) lamps with intensity of 50 W/m2 was considered as artificial ageing. There are many aging factors in the outdoor environment, but this paper study the factors UV that it cause Crazing, chalking, tracking and loosing hydrophobicity on the surface of insulator. Solid layer...
An innovative combination of particle swarm optimization, learning automaton and great deluge algorithms for dynamic environments
October 2011
Dynamic optimization in which global optima and local optima change over time is always a hot research topic. It has been shown that particle swarm optimization works well when facing dynamic environments. On the other hand, a learning automaton can be considered as an intelligent tool (agent) which can learn what action is the best interacting with its environment. The great deluge algorithm is also a search...
Determination of total dissolved solid (TDS), nitrate and fluoride in 24 brands of Iranian bottled waters
October 2011
Concentration of total dissolved solid (TDS), nitrate and fluoride in 24 different brands of Iranian bottled water were studied. A total of 78 bottle water was analyzed for TDS, NO3-and F- according to standard methods. Also, results were compared to Iranian, World Health Organization (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) drinking water standards. The mean concentrations of F- in all examined water...
Improvement in physical properties for ground treated with rapid impact compaction
October 2011
Ground improvement has been used on many construction sites to densify granular material, in other word to improve soil properties and reduce potential settlement. This paper evaluates the efficiency of rapid impact compaction (RIC), which is an improvement on the process of deep dynamic compaction, in improving soil properties and controlling soil settlement. In this technique ground improvement is achieved by...
Automated optical inspection system for analogical resistance type touch panel
October 2011
The touch panel is the most important and promising technical product nowadays. Automated optical inspection (AOI) technology provides objective measurement, shorter production period and better production quality. The purpose of this paper is to develop an automated optical inspection system for analogical resistance type touch panel. This system integrates mechanism, electrical control and machine vision, and applies...
Finite element analysis (FEA) modeling on adhesive joint for composite fuselage model
October 2011
n this paper, a finite element modeling via ABAQUS/Explicit simulation on a novel fabrication miniature composite fuselage structure is presented. The fuselage structure is modeled as a continuum composite layup that consisted of a woven C-glass fiber/epoxy 200 g/m2 composite laminated [908] with the orthotropic elastic material properties andadhesively bonded butt joint. The...
Analytical solution for strongly nonlinear oscillation systems using energy balance method
October 2011
This paper applied He’s energy balance method (EBM) to solve the non-natural vibrations and oscillations. We find that this method (EBM) works very well for the whole range of initial amplitudes and does not demand small perturbation and also sufficiently accurate to both linear and nonlinear physics and engineering problems. We consider a high nonlinear single degree of freedom to illustrate the effectiveness and...
Design and modelling of a linear switched reluctance actuator for biomedical applications
October 2011
This paper deals with a design of linear stepper motor for biomedical applications. The involved biomedical system is a syringe pump generally used for continuous drug infusion. The syringe pump consists of a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) coupled to a syringe plunger. In order to determine the axial force to control the syringe plunger, it was necessary to begin by evaluating the thrust force. The latter...
Removal of C.I. Basic Red 46 (BR 46) from contaminated water by adsorption onto hardened paste of Portland cement: Equilibrium isotherms and thermodynamic parameters study
October 2011
The present study was carried out to investigate the potential of hardened paste of Portland cement (HPPC) as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Basic Red 46 (BR 46) from contaminated water by using batch adsorption studies. In this work, HPPC has been selected as adsorbent because of the main advantages such as high efficiency, simple separation of sludge, abundant availability and low-cost material. The...
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