A visual inspection system for quality control of optical lenses
June 2011
This paper proposes a quality inspection system for optical lenses using computer vision techniques. The system is able to inspect LED (Light-Emitting Diode) lenses visually and to validate their quality level automatically based on the defect severity. The optical inspection system applies the block discrete cosine transform (BDCT), Hotelling statistic, and grey clustering technique to detect visual defects...
A cross-layer scheme for resource reservation based on multi-protocol label switching over mobile IP version6
June 2011
The last decades have brought tremendous improvement in wireless internet and its technologies. This has inspired the development of a variety of new services in business and consumer markets. The real time applications such as voice over internet protocol (VOIP) and other multimedia traffic such as Internet Protocol television have driven the demand for increasing and guaranteed bandwidth requirements in the network....
An approach for crosscutting concern identification at requirements level using NLP
June 2011
Poor requirements analysis process results in incomplete software applications. Some requirements appear as scattered and tangled concerns within requirements document. Hence it is difficult to identify such requirements. A number of research approaches such as Theme/Doc, early aspects identification, information retrieval and aspects identification using UML have been developed to identify crosscutting concern at the...
Production of polyurethane/nano-hydroxyapatite hybrid materials and microstructural characterization
June 2011
In the present work, the polyurethane/nanohydroxyapatite hybrid materials were prepared with different content of nHA (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% weight) as filler. The nanohydroxyapatite powders were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and by ultrasound-assisted co-precipitation methods. The synthesis of polyurethane was carried out by a two-step polymerization method using 1,6-diisocyanate hexane, polycaprolactone and...
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy studies on crosslinked chitosan thin film
June 2011
Crosslinked chitosan solution was synthesized by homogeneous reaction of medium molecular weight chitosan in aqueous acetic acid solution with glutaraldehyde as crosslinking agent. The solution was then deposited on glass cover slip by spin coating to form thin film. The crosslinked chitosan thin film had been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The XPS data was obtained...
Intelligent routing information protocol using full triggered update mechanism
June 2011
The heartbeat of network is the routing services which are available upon the execution of protocols. Many routing protocols emerge over one another to strive for betterment in performing the main function of routing the packets to destination efficiently. Despite the superiority of the new protocols in certain feature, the old routing information protocol (RIP) is still widely used due to its simplicity. RIP updates...
Input-to-state stable (ISS) and exponential chaotic lag synchronization
June 2011
In this paper, the lag synchronization problem is considered for chaotic dynamical systems with external disturbance via input-to-state stability (ISS). A sufficient condition for determining the lag synchronization between the drive and corresponding response systems is derived based on Lyapunov theory. The proposed ISS lag synchronization controller guarantees the exponential lag synchronization and achieves the...
Pre-service physics teachers’ comprehension of wave function and operator concepts in quantum mechanics
June 2011
This qualitative study investigates students’ comprehension of wave function and operator concepts. The data of the study were collected by semi-structured interviews with 34 pre-service physics teachers and analyzed by using the content analysis method. As a result of qualitative analysis, different categories were determined towards the students’ comprehension of wave function and operator concepts. ...
An FPGA realization of simplified turbo decoder architecture
May 2011
The key issue of applying Turbo codes is to find an efficient implementation of turbo decoder. This paper addresses the implementation of a simplified and efficient turbo decoder in field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology. A simplified and efficient implementation of a Turbo decoder with minor performance loss has been proposed. An integer Turbo decoder based on the standard 2’s complement number system...
A novel cost-based framework for communication in computational grid using Anycast Routing
May 2011
Computational grid can perform the computationally extensive jobs by utilizing the wide spread processing capabilities of volunteer processors. In order to utilize the wide spread resources, failure options cannot be ignored. In this paper we give the detailed implementation of fault tolerance techniques, and also propose a modified forwarding mechanism which forwards the request to the next hop from which more...
Caching data approach in randomized re-routing algorithm (CRRR) in wireless sensor networks
May 2011
In wireless environments, congestion and link error can cause packets to be lost. Thesetwo factors are reducing the end-to-end reliability and energy efficiency. These problems can be overcome by recovering lost packets using retransmission. Since the delay is...
Multi objective control of UPFC using PID type controllers
May 2011
This paper presents the application of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in order to simultaneously power flow control, voltage support and also transient stability improvement at a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus (SMIB) power system installed with UPFC. In practical systems, the conventional PI type controllers are considered to control UPFC. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional PI controllers,...
Statistical optimization for process parameters to reduce variability of 32 nm PMOS transistor threshold voltage
May 2011
This paper explains our investigation of the effect on 32 nm PMOS device threshold voltage (VTH) by four process parameters, namely HALO implantation, Source/Drain (S/D) implantation dose, compensation implantations, and silicide annealing time. Taguchi method determines the setting of process parameters in experimental design while analysis of variance (ANOVA) determines the influence of the main process parameters on...
Monitoring of tool wear and surface roughness in end-milling for intelligent machining
May 2011
Recently, cutting tool and product quality management in intelligent machining has been implemented by automated tool and quality monitoring and control systems. These systems utilize born features recognized in indirect signals, which reflect, on-line, the tool and quality conditions. In this research work, study was carried out to analyze the dynamic cutting signals of the end-milling process, in order to establish a...
A novel theoretical analysis of quadruple pass Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
May 2011
A novel theoretical analysis model of dual stage quadruple pass (DSQP) Erbium-doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is presented in this paper. This analysis is carried out by the broad input signal power starting from -50 to 0 dBm input signal with 10 to 220 mW pumping powers. The EDFA has been proposed and demonstrated by using an optical circulator and tunable band pass to reflect signal in each stage with a two level pump...
An improved genetic algorithm for solving simulation optimization problems
May 2011
Simulation optimization studies the problem of optimizing simulation-based objectives. Simulation optimization is a new and hot topic in the field of system simulation and operational research. To improve the search efficiency, this paper presents a hybrid approach which combined genetic algorithm and local optimization technique for simulation optimization problems. Through the combination of genetic algorithms and...
An application of grout curtains to the Dalaman -Akköprü Dam
May 2011
Grouting is one of the most popular methods used to control water leakage in fill dam constructions. Geological and geotechnical properties of the rock/soil to be grouted are important parameters influencing the design of the grouting. In this study, geotechnical properties of Dalaman-Akköprü Dam’s base rock and the grouting procedure have been investigated in view of their suitability to grouting. In...
An investigation of the flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beams
May 2011
This paper presents an investigation of the flexural behaviour of reinforced lightweight concrete beams made from lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA). Nine reinforced concrete beams were fabricated and tested using the symmetrical two-point loads test. The concrete strength and steel bar reinforcement were two important parameters examined during the beam tests. The paper compares flexural performance of the...
Fractal behavior of the sales restaurant in a great tourism hotel
May 2011
The tourist industry can be considered as a complex system because it is made up of many elements (tourist companies) that interact with each other in a non-linear way. In turn, each company can also be considered by itself as a complex system because its behavior is non-linear with time, so that some aspects of tourism companies can be characterized by a non-linear mathematical tool called fractal analysis. In this...
Correlation between total water absorption and wet compressive strength of compressed stabilised peat bricks
May 2011
Housing is a great problem in today and future world, the most basic building material for infrastructure construction and houses is the usual bricks or blocks. Although there are approximately 2,500 000 hectares of peat soils in Malaysia, only a small portion of this as being utilised. In this study, peat soil was investigated in tandem with the production of lightweight bricks. Peat soil, sand, cement and hydrated...
General regression neural network (GRNN) for the first crack analysis prediction of strengthened RC one-way slab by CFRP
May 2011
In this study, six strengthened RC one-way slabs with different lengths and thicknesses of CFRP were tested and compared with a similar RC slab without CFRP. The dimensions of the slabs were1800 x 400 x 120 mm and the lengths of CFRP used were 700, 1100, and 1500 mm, with different thicknesses of 1.2 and 1.8 mm. The results of the experimental operation for the first crack were used to generate general regression neural...
ZnO as corrosion inhibitor for dissolution of zinc electrodeposited mild steel in varying HCl concentration
May 2011
The corrosion behavior of Zn electrodeposition on mild steel in varying 0.1 to 0.5 M of HCl with and without inhibitor was studied using weight loss measurement and optical microscope. The (OP) results revealed that the corrosion mechanism layers of the zinc plated mild steel without inhibitor has high content corrosivity related to the appearance of cracks due to the dissolution into the acidic medium. However, the...
Effects of the fine recycled concrete aggregates on the concrete properties
May 2011
In this experimental study, the effects of the recycled fine recycled concrete aggregate (FRA) that was manufactured from concrete wastes on the concrete properties were investigated. In concrete mixtures, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 100% by weight FRA were used instead of river sand. Afterwards, unit weight and water absorption ratios and 28-day compressive strength were determined. According to the test results...
Fractal characterization of an after-sales spare parts supply chain in Telecom industry
May 2011
Data series generated by complex systems exhibit fluctuations on a wide range of time scales, which often follow a scaling relation over several orders of magnitude. Such scaling laws allow for a characterization of the data and the generating complex system by fractal scaling exponents, which can serve as characteristic fingerprints of the systems in comparisons with other systems and models. In this article was...
Application of importance-satisfaction model to identify critical success factors of hot-spring industry in Taiwan
May 2011
There are many variety methods used in determining the critical success factors (CSFs) of the hot-spring industry in Taiwan, such as action research, case study, literature review and structured interviewing. In contrast, there are relatively few studies on the many models used to identify CSFs. To address this relative deficiency in the literature, the present study integrates importance satisfaction model...
Anti-synchronization of uncertain Rikitake systems via active sliding mode control
May 2011
In this paper, an active sliding mode controller is presented for a class of master-slave anti-synchronization of uncertain Rikitake systems. Uncertainties are considered in linear and nonlinear parts of the Rikitake systems. Analysis of the stability for the proposed method is derived based on the Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulations are performed to evaluate effectiveness of the analytical...
On approximate solutions for the time-fractional reaction-diffusion equation of Fisher type
May 2011
In this paper, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is employed to obtain approximate analytical solutions of the time-fractional reaction-diffusion equation of the Fisher type. The method can easily be applied to many problems and is capable of reducing the size of computational work. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. The analytical/numerical results are compared with existing analytic...
Analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow through stenosed vessel in porous medium under the effect of magnetic field
May 2011
The present study is analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow through stenosed vessel in porous medium. The blood is assumed to be pulsatile couple stress fluid. The effect of externally applied magnetic field on blood flow in porous medium is studied in the present analysis. The expressions of axial velocity, flow rate and shear stress have been obtained by using Laplace and finite Hankel transforms and their graphical...
Synthesis, spectral studies of 4-{[(3-substitutedphenyl)imino]methyl}-3-hydroxyphenyl octadecanoate and effect of meta substituents on mesomorphic properties
May 2011
A series of Schiff base esters was synthesized from the reaction between 4-formyl-3-hydroxyphenyl octadecanoate and 3-substituted-anilines. The molecular structures were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR and NMR. A conformational study associated with the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding which entails the formation of the keto-enol tautomerism in the solid and solution states are...
Synthesis and characterization of cubic yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) nanoparticles by a modified sol-gel route using sucrose and pectin as organic precursors
May 2011
Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) nanoparticles were synthesized through a sol-gel method using sucrose and pectin as organic precursors. These precursors are abundant in nature and cost effective. Different molar ratio of organic to inorganic (S:Zr4+) precursors were used. To determine the formed phase, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy were performed. XRD pattern showed cubic phase for all...
Spectroscopic, thermal, magnetic and electrochemical studies of Tetrakis-μ-p-fluorobenzoatodicopper (II)
May 2011
Tetrakis-μ-p-fluorobenzoatodicopper (II) was synthesized and spectroscopically characterized to have a binuclear, paddle-wheel structure with axially ligated ethanol molecules but with unexpectedly high magnetic moment value of 1.91 B.M. The complex was found to be thermally stable up to 280°C, and underwent three stages of decomposition process. The differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) curve showed three...
An investigation on a mild hydrothermal route to CuS nano and submicro structures
May 2011
In this contribution, CuS nanostructures of various morphologies have been synthesized by manipulating time and choosing different copper sources via a mild hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM analysis methods. Studies showed that after a definite time depending on the chosen copper source, the obtained pure CuS nanocrystals show a tendency towards self assembly and creating...
A numerical study of steady state exothermic reaction in a slab with convective boundary conditions
May 2011
In this paper, we considered a steady state, exothermic nth order oxidation chemical reaction in a slab with reactant consumption in the presence of convective heat and oxygen exchange with the surrounding ambient at the slab surface. The coupled nonlinear differential equations governing the system are obtained and are solved numerically using the standard Newton–Raphson shooting method along with a...
Resolving a complex seismic moment tensor into a series of simple double couple sources: A case of Turkey
May 2011
The main goal of studying double couple sources in seismology is to obtain a complete description of the physics of the source. In other words, it is to describe the force system equivalent to physical mechanism in earthquake focus. Seismic moment tensor is a mathematical quantity defining the earthquake source. It characterizes all the information about the source. With this purpose, it describes the equivalent forces...
A new parameters joint optimization method of chaotic time series prediction
May 2011
To improve the prediction performance of chaotic time series, a new method is proposed for parameters joint optimization of phase space reconstruction and support vector machine (SVM). The main idea of the joint optimization method is that the parameters from phase space reconstruction and SVM are designed jointly using uniform design firstly, and then the parameters are optimized jointly based on self-calling SVM. The...
Solvation force in a hard-sphere Yukawa fluid confined between walls
May 2011
We apply a general density functional theory for calculating solvation force between two walls immersed in a fluid of particles. Solvation force is obtained for the hard-sphere Yukawa fluid confined between hard and attractive walls. To determine the density profile, we use the density functional theory proposed by Yi and Kim. This theory is based on the density functional approximation, which in turn is based on both...
Hot symmetric nuclear and neutron matter properties in the Thomas-Fermi model
May 2011
Equation of state of hot nuclear and neutron matter are calculated in the frame of the Thomas-Fermi approximation using of the effective nucleon - nucleon interaction of Myers and Swiatecki in the new approach. The effect of temperature on effective mass, pressure, entropy and binding energy is discussed. A critical temperature of 17.4 MeV for symmetric nuclear matter is found and there is no phase transition in the...
Potential land use planning and agricultural land suitability classification of Bala Agricultural Farm, Ankara-Turkey
May 2011
This study was aimed to determine the potential land use planning and classification of agricultural land suitability of Bala agricultural farm land located in Ankara province. According to the results of the detailed soil survey and mapping prepared previously, 23 different soil series and 125 land mapping units were determined in the study area. Land evaluation was carried out by using SENOL Land Evaluation System and...
The cellular universe: A new cosmological model based on the holographic principle
May 2011
Human knowledge of the universe is largely incomplete. Rapid progress in the understanding of cosmology is anticipated with the development of new strategies of examination. Among these strategies, holographic modeling may be the next great revolution that awaits cosmology. This comparative review, which is the first of its kind, describes the universe from the perspective of cell biology, focusing on theoretical and...
Probable electrokinetic phenomena in tropical peat: A review
May 2011
Peat is unconsolidated superficial deposits with high non-crystalline colloid (humus) content, constituting the subsurface of wetland systems. Electrokinetic techniques are innovative ground improvement methods for soft soils. Peats have noticeable qualities to make a suitable environment for utilization of electrokinetic techniques, i.e. (i) the saturated mass is a good environment, (ii) the high charge and high...
Effect of blending time and crumb rubber content on properties of crumb rubber modified asphalt binder
May 2011
The increasing use of crumb rubber modifier in flexible pavements justifies the necessity for a better understanding of its physical and rheological properties as well as its elasticity behaviour. Basically the performance and properties of rubberised asphalt binder are influenced by the blending conditions and crumb rubber content. In this study, the laboratory investigation was conducted on crumb rubber modified...
Stiffness reduction index for detection of damage location: Analytical study
May 2011
A new damage location index is developed and presented in this paper. The new index is based on the combined mode shape vector and its derivatives to overcome the problem of inaccuracy and insensitivity of existing indices to locate damage in a beam-like structure model. The proposed new index called the stiffness reduction index (SRI) is computed based on the change in eigenvectors and its curvature at each element and...
Flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with composite beam
May 2011
This paper presents the results of an experimental and analytical study conducted to assess the strengthening efficiency of a composite beam developed with the goal of simultaneously increasing the flexural stiffness and flexural strength of aging RC structures. A 4-point flexural test was performed on 12 RC beams that were 4.4 m in length. As test variables, the strengthening material (Type-A, B), epoxy type (organic...
Study on optimal isolation system and dynamic structural responses in multi-storey buildings
May 2011
Seismic base isolation systems have been investigated in this study to be acquainted with the optimized insertion in multi-storey buildings. Two extensively exploited isolator types, namely, lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) are incorporated to examine their effect for buildings. Both time history and response spectrum based non linear finite element analyses are conducted using SAP 2000...
Flexural performance of CFRP strengthened RC beams with different degrees of strengthening schemes
May 2011
Externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite laminates have been successfully applied to reinforced concrete (RC) beams and other structural elements for the purpose of increase load carrying capacity of such elements. This paper presents the experimental results on the flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by CFRP laminates attached to the tensile soffit of the beams by epoxy...
Comparative study on estimating reference evapotranspiration under limited climate data condition in Malawi
May 2011
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) missing data procedure was employed in this study to verify its suitability under the climatic environment of Malawi. The performance of the procedure was analysed by regressing ETo estimated from the world wide recommended FAO penman Monteith (FPM) model with full data set versus FPM value computed with limited data. The coefficients of determination (r2), standard errors of...
Effect of neem leaf (Azadirachita indica) extract on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in dilute acids
May 2011
The corrosion inhibition performance of Neem leaf (Azadirachita indica) extract on the corrosion of mild steel test specimen immersed in 0.5 M HCl and H2SO4 acids respectively at the ambient temperature of 30°C and elevated temperature of 80°C was investigated. The experimental work was performed by the use of weight loss method and the potential measurement technique. From the weight loss values, corrosion...
Fabrication of functionally graded Hydroxyapatite-Titanium by applying optimal sintering procedure and powder metallurgy
May 2011
This paper demonstrates the functionally graded metal-ceramic composite fabricated via pressure-less sintering. The pure metallic and ceramic components are Titanium (Ti) and Hydroxyapatite (HA), which were located at the ends of a cylindrical specimen. FG samples are prepared with mixing ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100. The cylindrical samples had a thickness of 6 mm in size and 20 mm radius....
A collocation solution on the optimization of straight fin with combined heat and mass transfer
May 2011
In this paper an analysis was carried out to study the efficiency of straight fins of different configurations when subjected to simultaneous heat and mass transfer mechanisms .The temperature and humidity ratio differences are the driving forces for heat and mass transfer, respectively. Analytical solutions are obtained for temperature distribution over the fin surface when the fin is fully wet. It is demonstrated that...
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