Optimization of the configuration of infill walls in order to increase seismic resistance of building structures
February 2011
The behavior of empty frames and infilled frames is very different. The infill walls are considered as non-structural elements and are ignored in the analysis; these elements tend to interact with the frame in case of lateral load effect. The aim of this paper is to indicate the contribution of infill walls in the earthquake resistant building design. Three different type of configuration of infill walls are...
Effect of calcium chloride and kaolinite on shear strength and shrinkage of cement grout
February 2011
Grouting is injecting a liquid (cement and additives) into voids within a structure or soft soils for displacing the gases and liquids from within these. The varieties of additives for different grouting purposes are using with cement. Calcium chloride is known as accelerator in the grout, it causes to decrease the set time of grout and it has a minor effect on fresh grout properties. Kaolinite or some other fine...
Green transportation planning and regional sustainable development within metropolitan regions: The role of traffic pollutant inventory in decision making
February 2011
Increasingly, the Chinese metropolitan transportation organizations face many challenges ahead, as they try to meet the Nation's mobility requirements, decrease congestion impacts, and improve the level of air quality. However, the previous modeling tools (for example, land use, travel demand, and emission models) were not designed, nor do they generally provide visible feedback between adjacent...
Experimental research on high-fluidity and super high-early strength concrete for cement pavement repairing
February 2011
The concrete used for pavement repair must have a very high-early strength for opening to traffic, good anti-shrinkage and anti-cracking performance, and interfacial bond between old and new concrete surface, besides the basic pavement performance. High fluidity is also needed for simplifying repairing operation and for guaranteeing the repair quality. In a sense, high fluidity is conflict with super...
Long term behaviour of a retaining wall resting on clayey soil
February 2011
The magnitude and distribution of lateral earth pressure acting on a retaining wall due to dry cohesionless backfilling material and existence of saturated consolidated clay in the foundation are studied by a series of two-dimensional plane-strain analyses. For the particular wall geometry and soil condition, effects of wall height and elapsed time of consolidation are investigated and discussed. The analysis...
Experimental study of a multi-purpose PV-refrigerator system
February 2011
Refrigerators used in daily life are one of the indispensable tools. Uninterrupted power should be supplied to refrigerators in order to maintain cooling service. Photovoltaic (PV) systems provide an independent, reliable electrical power source at the point of use, making it particularly suited to remote locations. For this reason, nowadays, the use of PV solar energy in refrigeration has been increasing in...
Investigation of the relationship between some basic flow properties of shea butter biodiesel and their blends with diesel fuel
February 2011
In this study, the density, viscosity, cloud and pour points of shea butter biodiesel-diesel fuel blends were measured following ASTM test methods. In order to predict these properties, mixing rule was evaluated as a function of the volume fraction of biodiesel in the blend. The effects of biodiesel fraction on each of these properties in addition to the effects of temperature on density and viscosity were...
A novel design of lower vehicle arm based on optimization technique
February 2011
In the automotive industry, the riding comfort and handling qualities of an automobile are greatly affected by the suspension system. The scenario of this paper presents the Robust Design of suspension arm using a technique Stochastic Design Improvement (SDI) based on Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) then also to identify the critical location and to find optimum result and suitable materials for the suspension arm. The...
Anthropometric study among adults of different ethnicity in Malaysia
February 2011
A study was done to determine the differences of anthropometrics data among three ethnic populations in Malaysia. Measurements were collected among 300 respondents representing 150 males and 150 females ranging from the age of 18 to 24 years. A total of thirty-three body dimensions were measured. The statistical test includes, mean, standard deviation, standard error of mean, coefficient of variation,...
A comparison of geoid height obtained with adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems and polynomial coefficients methods
February 2011
Three-dimensional (horizontal, vertical and ellipsoidal heights) coordinates of a point can be obtained using the GNSS (global navigation satellite system) systems. Although, ellipsoid heights have a geometrical meaning, height is actually a geopotential value. Therefore, determination of physical reference surface (sea level or geoid) is of particular importance in geodetic studies. Although, GNSS...
Conformally Osserman Lorentzian manifolds satisfying a certain condition on the Ricci tensor
February 2011
Let , , be an n-dimensional homogeneous Lorentzian manifold of which the Jacobi operator associated to the Weyl conformal curvature tensor has constant eigenvalues on the bundle of unit timelike (spacelike) tangent vectors (known as conformally Osserman Lorentzian manifolds). Then is a conformally Osserman Lorentzian manifold if and only if is a conformally flat...
Sâlâgean-type harmonic univalent functions
February 2011
The purpose of the present paper is to introduce new classes of harmonic univalent functions defined by using the Sâlâgean differential operator and to investigate various properties of these classes. Key words: Harmonic functions, Sâlâgean derivative, coefficient bounds, distortion bounds, extreme points, neighborhood.
Estimating future development of the Turkish plywood sector by the use of models affecting this forest industry sector
February 2011
In order to benefit more rationally from the wood raw material, a very important natural source today, we should especially deal with the industrial branch processing it. Change and development in the production, import and export quantity and values of Turkish forestry and forest industrial sector has eventually required planning both national forest resources and the sector using these resources on...
Matrix stability of the difference schemes for nonlocal boundary value problems for parabolic differential equations
February 2011
In this work, a first order and second order difference schemes, namely Rothe and Crank-Nicholson, respectively, for solving nonlocal boundary value problems for parabolic differential equations are presented. The stability of the difference schemes are proved by using the matrix stability approach. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the schemes. Key words: Matrix...
A genetic algorithms based approach for conflicts resolution in requirement
February 2011
With the improvements of technologies, software systems have been more complex then ever before. This requires new approaches to improve software development processes so that they sufficiently and efficiently meet these challenges. Requirement engineering in this regard facing many problems in which conflicts resolution gained very little popularity. In this paper we present motivation toward requirement...
Hybrid model of chaotic signal and complete binary tree for image encryption
February 2011
In this paper, a new method was proposed for image encryption using chaotic signals and complete binary tree. In this method, perfect binary tree was utilized for further complexity of the encryption algorithm, higher security and changing the amount of gray scale of each pixel of the original image. Studying the obtained results of the performed experiments, high resistance of the proposed method against...
Application of GIS for determination of groundwater quality suitable in crops influenced by irrigation water in the Damghan region of Iran
February 2011
In order to evaluate the quality of groundwater in Damghan plain for irrigation purposes, 199 surveyed wells with GPS data used to produce the map. The features that generally had considered for evaluation of the suitable quality of groundwater for irrigation are salinity, water infiltration rate, and specific ion toxicity. The SAR , ions Ca2+,Mg2+, Na+, K+, CO3 2-, HCO3-– , SO42- ,...
Porous ferrite synthesis and catalytic effect on benzene degradation
February 2011
In this study, feasibility of porous ferrite (MFe2O4) synthesis and catalytic effect on benzene degradation was evaluated. Various types of ferrites were synthesized by CuO, ZnO, NiO, and Fe2O3 under different Fe/M molar ratios and sintering temperatures. Porous ferrite synthesized by NiO, Fe2O3, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and kaolinite addition with appropriate sintering conditions were used in column...
Reducing ammonia loss from urea and improving soil exchangeable ammonium and available nitrate in non waterlogged soils through mixing zeolite and sago (Metroxylon sagu) waste water
February 2011
Ammonia loss from urea significantly reduces urea-N use efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of mixing urea with zeolite and sago (Metroxylon sagu) waste water on ammonia volatilization, soil exchangeable ammonium and available nitrate compared with urea alone. The mixtures significantly reduced ammonia loss by 22 to 41% compared with urea alone (straight urea, 46% N)....
Effective characterization of specific hydrocarbon and their mixtures using LIR
February 2011
Linear Isotherm Regularity (LIR) is a statistical based valid method for a wide range of applications. This method depends much on the p-v-T experimental data. The determined data for certain hydrocarbons and their mixtures studied in this paper are scares. Hence we try to use LIR method for the prediction of the packing fraction and structure factor S(Q), of specific pure...
The role of pH on the second harmonic response of glycine sodium nitrate (GSN)
February 2011
In this work we have done a study of RAMAN spectroscopy on glycine sodium nitrate crystals. This study was supported with the respective X-ray diffraction and second-harmonic generation signal detection. The goal of this work is to modify the charge of glycine sodium nitrate in order to obtain three electric behaviors (Zwitterionic, Cationic, and Anionic) and perform the vibrational study on the...
Relativistic scattering state solutions of the Makarov potential
February 2011
In this article, we exactly investigate scattering states solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation with the Makarov potential. The normalized polar angle wave functions are obtained by using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and the normalized radial wave functions of scattering states are expressed in terms of confluent hypergeometric functions. We have also discussed analytical properties of the scattering...
First principles studies of band structure calculations of 6H-SiC and 4C-SiC using pseudopotential approches
February 2011
We have studied the band structure properties of SiC in wurtzite and zincblende crystal structures. In our calculations, we have adopted a pseudopotential approach based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT). We have calculated the band structure and density of state (DOS) and therefore, the changes of the energy gap of this compound with crystal structure. The quality of the used pseudopotential was tested...
Calculation of 8+ Isomers of even-even Nuclei 76Ni to 94Pd for N = 48 neutrons
February 2011
Study of the properties of nuclear isomers is a current research focus. We have studied the systematic 8+ isomeric levels, half-lives, deformation parameters, and reduced transition probabilities between QUOTE state of even-even 76Ni to 94Pd nuclei for N = 48 neutrons. The calculated half-lives and quadrupole moments are compared with the experimental values....
Amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis modelling in hydrocarbon exploration: A case study
February 2011
In this study, the geological model used for amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis, was created by synthetic well logs. The geological model is comprised of shale, gassy-sand, clay and sand layers. The synthetic seismic records including 230 shooting and 60 folds were constructed over the model. The data processing has been applied to the synthetic records. After the data processing, AVO analysis has been...
Using spectral mapping techniques on short wave infrared bands of ASTER remote sensing data for alteration mineral mapping in SE Iran
February 2011
Spectral mapping techniques were applied on shortwave infrared of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data for discriminating between hydrothermal alteration zones, and the identification of high potential mineralized lithologic unit associated with hydrothermal porphyry copper mineralization in the Central Iranian Volcanic Belt. In this study, shortwave infrared radiations...
Securing peer-to-peer mobile communications using public key cryptography: New security strategy
February 2011
Mobile phones are considered to be the most common communication devices in history. Recently, mobile phones are not only used for casual greetings but also, sending and receiving important data such as, social security numbers, bank account details and passwords. Public key cryptography is a proven security solution, which can be used to secure the mobile communications. Several researchers have...
Physics in preschool
February 2011
Even though physics and preschool are two concepts not generally used in the same context, physics is an issue of importance in the preschool period. Physics activities stimulate children’s inquiry and problem solving skills, and also support children’s social and language skills. This paper presents a conceptual framework about using physics in preschool settings. It shows techniques that may be...
The use of ICT tools in physical sciences education
February 2011
ICT are nowadays, a reality in Spanish education. Although it has been a tough job, their use in physical sciences education has also increased in the last few years. But even with that, it is not clear whether students like them, use them and get any real profit from them. In this work we tried to analyse several aspects of the use of ICT in Spanish physical sciences education system, as which tools are used...
Multi-Dimensional coordinate spaces
February 2011
This paper introduces a new group of multi-dimensional coordinate spaces. The main objective is to visualize n-dimensions in the same graphical space and time. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part shows the literature review about dimension and coordinate systems (Cartesian plane and coordinate space). The second part will present how the multi-dimensional coordinate spaces works. The third...
Wavelet fault diagnosis and tolerant of induction motor: A review
February 2011
This paper presents a review of the researches done on fault tolerant control types, methods, main objectives of the fault tolerant control and fault diagnosis of induction motor faults that used the wavelet transform. Wavelet transform from the fault diagnosis point of view, is a summary of the wavelet types (continuous and discrete), machine faults, diagnosis methods and their validation, respectively....
Load frequency control in multi area electric power system using genetic scaled fuzzy logic
February 2011
In multi area electric power systems, if a large load is suddenly connected (or disconnected) to the system, or if a generating unit is suddenly disconnected by the protection equipment, there will be a long-term distortion in the power balance between that delivered by the turbines and that consumed by the loads. This imbalance is initially covered from the kinetic energy of rotating rotors of turbines,...
A re-weighted algorithm for designing data dependent sensing dictionary
February 2011
The modified orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm based on sensing dictionary, shows significant improvement for the performance of sparse recovery, especially in the case of highly coherent dictionary. Assuming a signal to be decomposed, a good sensing dictionary should depend not only on the ordinary dictionary but also the observed data. In this paper, a re-weighted algorithm for designing data...
Autonomous unmanned aircraft collision avoidance system based on geometric intersection
February 2011
Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are envisioned as an integral part of future urban civil and military applications. Large and small scale UAVs will perform large variety of autonomous tasks. However, the capability of UAVs to navigate completely autonomous in real environment is still in its infancy. Autonomous collision avoidance is a necessary step toward this goal. This paper introduces a new...
Estimation of multipath time delays based on bi-sparse constraint
February 2011
In this paper, a novel method to estimate the multi-path time delays of broadband signal transmission is proposed. This new method extends the existed basis selection methods. The difference between the problems discussed here and that of basis selection is the occurrence of an unknown weight matrix in the measurement equation, which represents the frequency characteristics of the received signal. Existed...
The effect of vents arrangement on the energy efficiency of a convenient store
February 2011
The objective of this paper is to investigate the energy efficiency of air conditioning via the viewpoint of the vents arrangement. In the research, a real typical convenience store located in Taichung, Taiwan is selected as a case study. The computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique is adopted to simulate the flow, thermal and humidity distribution inside the convenient store under both close and open...
The effects of modified ignition timing on cold start HC emissions and WOT performance of an LPG fuelled SI engine with thermal barrier layer coated piston
February 2011
In this study, the effect of modified ignition timing of an LPG fuelled spark ignition engine on cold start Hydrocarbon emission (HC) at the wide open throttle (WOT) conditions performance and emission characteristics were investigated when using a thermal barrier layer (TBL) coated piston. The engine was tested at the variable ignition timing. At the first stage cold start HC emission was measured for the...
A fuzzy group decision making model for multiple criteria based on Borda count
February 2011
Most important decisions in organizations are made by groups of managers or experts. Methods for aggregating preferences and reconciling differences are needed in case decision makers have different viewpoints. Human judgments, including preferences are often vague and cannot be estimated in exact numerical values. This paper proposes a...
Reservoir inflow forecasting using artificial neural network
February 2011
Hydrologic forecasting plays an ever increasing role in water resource management, as engineers are required to make component forecasts of natural inflows to reservoirs for numerous purposes. Resulting forecast techniques vary with the system purpose, physical characteristics, and availability of data. As most hydrological parameters are subjected to the uncertainty, a proper forecasting method is of...
Service charge issue in Malaysian high-rise residential management: An analysis using a fuzzy conjoint model
February 2011
This paper discusses the results of a study on high-rise residential complexes, with particular attention reference to their financial management. The research focuses on service charges, looking at both sides of the management issue the amount owners pay and the level of service the management provides. Literature and field surveys indicate that this issue follows a circular argument in which both the...
Railway security through the use of wireless sensor networks based on fuzzy logic
February 2011
Wireless sensor networks have been widely used in various areas, and their use in railway to reduce human and material losses has been a remarkable development. In this article, sensors placed in different places in railway are described and the way they recognize flaws in the railway is explained. The data read by the sensors are sent to the sink node to be processed. Fuzzy logic has been used to process...
Tsunami simulation of the October 25, 2010, South Pagai Island, Sumatra earthquake
February 2011
In this study, two kinds of tsunami numerical models based on the shallow water equations were employed to simulate the South Pagai Island, Sumatra earthquake tsunami which occurred in 25 October 2010. The models consist of generation, propagation and arrival times along affected coasts in Mentawai islands. Post event tsunami calculations were performed in order to better represent the event and identify more...
Effect of peat media on stabilization of peat by traditional binders
February 2011
Peat normally has high organic matter content and is generally associated with high compressibility and high magnitude and rates of creep. It may also be associated with poor strength characteristics and a risk of large deformation. The main specifications in the peat nature are the presence of acidic or less commonly alkaline media, combined with a high level of ground water. One of the most common...
Bending stiffness and neutral axis depth variation of high strength concrete beams in seismic hazardous areas: Experimental investigation
February 2011
Nowadays, high strength concrete (HSC) is gradually gaining popularity as a material used in the construction of structural elements for economical and technical reasons. HSC exhibits more brittle behaviour in comparison to normal strength concrete when subjected to compression. Ductility is a design index especially in seismic prone area and is affected by variation of neutral axis depth. The definition of...
Alternative approach for production lot size problem with scrap and cost reduction distribution policy
February 2011
Conventional approach for solving replenishment lot size problem is by using the differential calculus with the need of applying the first-order and second-order differentiations to the long-run average production-inventory cost. A recent published paper used conventional method to determine optimal lot size for an integrated production-delivery system with scrap and cost lessening distribution policy. This...
Equispaced level conduction band design in the Cd Zn Se/Cd Se quantum well
February 2011
A derivation for equispaced conduction band in the CdxZn1-xSe quantum well is presented using the coordinate transform (CT) based procedure. The procedure starts with the effective mass Schrödinger equation, with potential tailored along the one dimensional harmonic oscillator (IDHO). The electron effective mass in the well is space dependent and varies proportionally with the potential, taking as the...
Optical digital sensor for three-dimensional turbulent flow visualization
February 2011
The Nikon Coolpix885® conventional digital camera is utilized to reform three-dimensional (3-D) turbulent pattern on lake that is situated in University Technology Malaysia (UTM).The main objective of this study is to use fuzzy arithmetic to reduce the errors arising from noise in digital camera data when constructing turbulent pattern flow. In doing so, the fuzzy B-spline algorithm, which assemble a...
Spectral characterization of non-clay minerals found in the clays (Central Anatolian-Turkey)
February 2011
Clays contain varying amounts of co-occurring non-clay minerals and lesser amounts of organic materials. Characterization of the clays in the Central Anatolian region (Turkey) was carried out using the spectroscopic techniques and results were qualitatively interpreted in terms of non-clay minerals found in the clays. The DTA-TGA measurements have been carried out for determinations of thermal behaviour of...
Effect of heat treatment on the optical properties of ceramic ZnO – MnO - Dy2O3
February 2011
Photopyroelectric spectroscopy is used to investigate the optical absorption behaviour of the ceramic composite (ZnO + 1 MnO + y Dy2O3), where y = 0 - 2 mol%. Ceramics were sintered at 1200 and 1300°C for 1 and 5 h. PPE spectrum with reference to the doping level and sintering time is discussed. Optical energy band-gap (Eg) is determined from the plot (ρhυ)2 vs hυ. It is found...
Effect of increasing number of neurons using artificial neural network to estimate geoid heights
February 2011
Nowadays the GPS measurements are one of the most frequently used technique in geodesy. With this technique ellipsoidal height can be reckoned. However in the engineering practice orthometric heights (height above sea level) are used. The orthometric heights are determined by levelling. Transforming the GPS-derived ellipsoidal...
Page 39 of 52, showing 50 records out of 2572 total, starting on record 1901, ending on 1950
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