Do firm-specific factors moderate the impact of COVID-19 on firm performance? An empirical study from listed companies in North America
March 2024
In the face of unprecedented economic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, this pioneering study examines how firm-specific factors shape the pandemic's impact on firm financial performance. By analyzing data from 12,826 firm-year observations across 14 sectors in North America from 2019 to 2023, the study investigates the moderating role of company size, leverage, earnings management, CEO compensation, and...
Managing, measuring, and reporting geopolitical risk exposure: New challenges and current evidence
March 2024
Geopolitical risks pose a significant threat to many companies' performance, necessitating the acquisition and evaluation of reliable information to manage these risks effectively. Furthermore, increased legal requirements in recent years demand more comprehensive reports on firm-specific risks. Therefore, detailed knowledge of the regulatory framework, accounting implications, and measurement is essential for...
Quantitatively immaterial audit misstatements matter qualitatively
February 2024
The research aimed to assess whether quantitatively negligible (immaterial) misstatements identified by auditors could offer valuable qualitative information for investors. The objective was to explore the qualitative characteristics of these quantitatively trivial misstatements. Initially, through a literature analysis and expert evaluation, the most significant qualitative characteristics were identified....
The impact of IFRS 9 on listed companies in China
January 2024
With the intensification of world economic integration, IFRS has become more widely used through continuous innovation and reform. It quickly became the goal of the gradual unification of domestic accounting standards. On November 12, 2009, the IASB issued a different version of the former International Financial Reporting Standard for financial assets in accounting operations classification and measurement, namely IFRS...
Digital ethics and taxpayers’ attitude in Greece: Evidence and policy recommendations for the future
December 2023
New technologies transform public policies and the services provided to citizens, contributing significant added value to them individually or collectively. The same applies to the case of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Tax Administration (TA). Contemporary TA integrates in its operation a number of algorithmic applications in high impact areas of taxation. This paper aims to analyze Greek taxpayers’ attitudes...
Financial accountability mechanisms in local governments in Uganda: A case of Kabale District Local Government
November 2023
The purpose of the study is to present financial accountability mechanisms in local governments, with reference to Kabale district local government. A cross-sectional research design, which used both quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect and analyze data, was adopted. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 117 respondents from 174 subjects. Questionnaires and personal...
Cash flow effect and financial performance of quoted oil and gas sector 2013-2022: Evidence from Nigeria
July 2023
The study aimed to explore the impact of cash flow on the financial performance of publicly listed oil and gas companies in Nigeria. An ex post facto research design was employed for this investigation. The study's focus was on the seven oil and gas companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) as of December 31st, 2022, which constituted the population and sample due to its manageable size. The time frame...
To cancel debt or not to cancel debt: Evaluation of debt cancellation or provide a tax credit
July 2023
U.S. students are facing unprecedented student loan debt levels, roughly $1.75 trillion. The Biden Administration is proposing a debt relief program that will cancel student loan debt up to $20,000 for Pell Granted individuals. However, the current plan has faced substantial legal challenges and political pressure, and as suggested, it could increase the current inflation crisis. However, the size of the inflation...
CPA’s perception(s) regarding the Covid-19 crisis: A questionnaire development and validation
July 2023
The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire concerning the Certified Public Accountants’ (CPA) perception(s) regarding the Covid-19 pandemic and to provide insights into this issue. A questionnaire was developed combining the key aspects of professional guidelines, prior literature, and experts’ opinions. Our study focuses on the perceptions of Greek CPAs, ensuring the validity...
Migrant remittances, financial market development, and per capita real growth in sub-Saharan Africa
July 2023
The inflow of migrant remittances to developing economies in the recent past has been one of the most topical issues discussed in growth literature due to the increasing volume, stable nature, and capacity to enhance growth. This study examines the effect of migrant remittances and financial market development, on per capita real growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Data from twenty-seven African countries between the...
Influence of computer literacy levels on tax compliance among Harare central business district small and medium enterprises
June 2023
The goal of this research is to ascertain the influence of computer literacy levels on tax compliance among Harare central business district small and medium enterprises. The research employed a survey descriptive research approach, in which primary data collection methods and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data and 13000 SMEs were the intended audience. Using stratified random...
Determinants of business tax compliance: A case study of Togo
June 2023
The results of a survey conducted by the Office of Togolese Revenue (OTR) in 2019, which covered 413 formal firms, show that several factors are key determinants of businesses' willingness to pay taxes. These include appreciation of tax fraud, amendment of tax laws, tax knowledge, tax beneficiaries, bribes, severity of penalties, legitimacy of customs duties, appreciation of tax amount, tax burden, legitimacy of...
Signaling, auditing fees, and earnings surprise before and after split-share structure reform in China
June 2023
In China, the split-share structure reform (SSR) has many benefits in helping decrease agency costs and normalise the stock markets. This paper explores the specific effects of this policy on firms’ signalling behaviour, audit fee charges and the meeting or beating earnings expectation (MBE) strategy through empirical research into the relations of these three subjects, combined with a cross-sectional analysis of...
Compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic: Knowledge of tax relaxation, completeness of documents and their socialisation
January 2023
The study aimed to determine the role of document completeness as a moderating variable in the relationship between knowledge of tax relaxation and taxpayer compliance and the relationship between tax relaxation policy socialisation and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) taxpayer compliance registered at the North Malang - East Java - Indonesia Primary Tax Service Office. The moderation test in this study used WarpPLS,...
The effect of tax cuts and jobs act on corporate debt ratios
January 2023
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), effective on December 22, 2017, is the most comprehensive overhaul of the U.S. tax code in the last 30 years. Historically, when corporate tax rates are high, the interest deduction on debt is greater, thereby reducing firms’ taxable income. However, with the new reforms significantly reducing corporate tax rates, the deductibility of the interest is no longer as favorable. In...
Trend analysis of the immediate post-adoption effects of IFRS 9: An emerging market evidence
December 2022
IFRS 9 is a global standard whose impact is expected to vary depending on banks’ credit risk approach, size, and country of incorporation. Therefore, it is imperative to study the implementation effects of IFRS 9 in all regions in which IFRS 9 has been implemented. This paper examines the first-time post-adoption effects of IFRS 9 in the Ghanaian banking sector and addresses the gap in empirical academic...
Redefining the taxpayer and tax administrator relationship in Nigeria: A relational agency model perspective
October 2022
While revisiting the agency theory and how it models the relationship between a principal and an agent, we assess, through participant observation, the optimal contract form for the ubiquitous relationship, where a principal, delegates work to an agent. This forms the basis of the study, as it attempts to redefine the relationship between the taxpayer and the tax administrator. This research is an attempt to reverse the...
Information collection concern, procedural justice, and intention to use online tax software: A process model
October 2022
The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among the privacy concern for information collection, procedural justice, and intention to use online tax preparation software to file tax returns. Both experimental design and survey data were utilized in this study. The experiment treatment is a privacy policy/statement that presents the procedures that the online tax software companies may use to...
Do peers matter for tax saving?
October 2022
This study aims to investigate if peers’ tax-saving success influences a firm’s tax aggressiveness. Relying on the inter-dependence amongst firms, the proposition that a firm would change its tax payment decisions is when it observes that its peer group achieves tax-saving success. A peer group was defined as the five firms most similar in size to the focal firm in the same industry. The authors examine...
Examination of confidence levels of taxpayers transitioning to making tax digital by industry sector in the UK
September 2022
The purpose of this study is to utilise social cognitive theory to investigate and establish through empirical study, the confidence levels of taxpayers with ‘Making Tax Digital’ and further to facilitate an assessment of the readiness of taxpayers to be compliant with making tax digital requirements by industrial sector. This study used a survey instrument to collect data from 202 businesses in the...
Practices for negotiating tax debts successfully: Exploration of offer in compromise judicial tax court case decisions
September 2022
Settling tax debts with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as a service to accounting clients is categorized among the high-level negotiations skills widely sought from accounting graduates by employers. Through purposive sampling and analysis of 272 federal tax court cases decided between 2004 and 2021, this paper proposes to elucidate effective tax debt negotiations techniques. Judicially accepted and rejected...
Tax audit of legal entities, assisted by informational technology performed from revenue authorities
July 2022
This paper aims to explain how an information system upgrade aids tax authority efficiency in a developed country with significant deficiencies and weaknesses in its tax system and citizens’ tax awareness. Simultaneously, this research considers modern tax audit methods and their effect on legal entities. Through literature review, a questionnaire was drafted and sent to state tax auditors responsible for public...
Firms’ corporate social responsibility behavior to stakeholders and its effect on financial performance indices: A case study of Ctrip
July 2022
In recent years, some domestic and foreign scholars have studied the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate performance. Some of these studies show that there is a positive relationship; others found a negative correlation while others found no correlation between them. It is of great significance for internet enterprises to undertake corporate social responsibility when private sector...
Effect of individual CEOs’ characteristics on firms’ performance: Evidence from China
July 2022
This paper investigates the effect of individual chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) characteristics on corporate performance. CEOs across 50 Chinese firms over time were selected and it was discovered that CEOs’ specific factors play a significant role in their firms’ performance. CEOs’ demographic characteristics include their legal background, dual position (that is, as both CEO and...
Effects of earnings management on firms’ market-adjusted return
July 2022
Earnings announcement affects respective firms’ share prices based on their performances. Financial markets react to the bottom figure of the financial statements, which the authors believe include earnings management components. Similarly, earnings surprise also affects the market share. Therefore, they believe that there is a need for empirical analysis to understand the effects of earnings management and...
IFRS-9 adoption and income smoothing nexus: A comparison of the post-adoption effects between European and Sub-Saharan African Banks
July 2022
This paper compares the post-adoption effects of IFRS 9 on the income smoothing behavior of banks in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa. The researchers extend their analysis to examine the effect of country-level governance on income smoothing. Using a sample of listed commercial banks in Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa, the authors employ varying econometric tests and panel regressions to investigate the hypotheses. The...
Effects of shifting non tax revenue from Local government authorities to Tanzania Revenue Authority: The case of Morogoro Municipality
April 2022
The transfer of property tax and billboard fees collection from Local Government Authorities (LGAs) to Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) has had drastic consequences for LGAs budgets. This study seeks to examine the effects of shifting the collection of non-tax revenue from LGAs to TRA with reference to Morogoro Municipal Council (MMC). A questionnaire was administered to a sample size of 88 respondents, purposefully...
Tax collection gaps and overdue tax debts: Greece, 2000-2019
April 2022
This paper deals with the process of accumulating overdue tax debts in Greece and brings out its main features. It focuses on the consistently high collection gap ratios that have led to the accumulation of tax arrears and, although the role of tax administration and debt stock management are acknowledged as crucial factors in reducing the collection gap and the stock of arrears respectively, it explores the role that...
Impact of transfer pricing on revenue generation and debt profile in Nigeria
April 2022
Nigeria, a host to almost all the MNCs in the world, has continued to experience a significant loss in revenue through profit shifting techniques, which have increased public debt from N8.32 trillion in September 2013 to N36.3 trillion as at May 2021. The study aimed at examining the impact of transfer pricing on revenue generation and debt profile in Nigeria. Other objectives of this paper are to review the adequacy of...
Board-diversity, audit committee characteristics and earnings management: Family versus non-family controlled firms
April 2022
This study examines the impact of board diversity, audit committee attributes, and the interaction of family ownership on earnings manipulation. The study employs the Caylor and Roy Chowdhury models to quantify accrual and real earnings management, respectively, in a developing country setting. Data was collected from non-financial organization operating in Bangladesh during the period from 2011 to 2019. Furthermore,...
Simplification factors addressing tax systemic complexity during tax reform periods: Evidence from the Greek tax system
April 2022
Tax procedures have increased due to the expansion of international trade opportunities, administrative strategies and technology. As a result, tax complexity increases and burdens citizens, enterprises and tax authorities. Traditional causes of complexity are found in political instability, legislation, central and operational planning. The interpretation of legislation greatly affects tax awareness; thus, information...
Economic and accounting performance of Greek innovative firms through knowledge-based entrepreneurship
April 2022
In modern industrial sectors, the margins for companies’ development constantly shrink, urging a rise in R and D and various sections’ expenditures. Throughout this phase, the role of innovative firms has submerged, especially via the knowledge-based entrepreneurship. Knowledge-based entrepreneurship can potentially benefit companies performing in the high-tech sectors, in terms of economic performance and...
Welfare effect of aid
April 2022
Developing economies have often relied on developmental finance (aid) in improving the welfare and social being of their citizenry. However, the developmental effect of aid on developing economies has sparked a lot of interest among scholars and policymakers. The objective of the study is to examine the welfare effect of aid in Nigeria for the period of 1981 to 2017. The study employed the autoregressive distributed lag...
The value relevance of the quality of IFRS-based published financial information of non-financial companies in Nigeria
April 2022
The study examines whether the quality of international Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) based published financial information in Nigeria increased in the post-IFRS era. The study examines the quality of IFRS-based financial reports in improving the information required from financial statements. In other words, it evaluates the quality of published financial reports after IFRS adoption in Nigeria using annual...
Complexity of costing systems, integrated information technology and retail industry performance
March 2022
The evolution of technology, mandated the innovation numerous and different functions within the economic unit. Cost systems are also included to these system upgrades, since detailed planning regarding expenses greatly impacts the economic stability and sustainability of an organization. Therefore, the combined utility derived from use of cost data and information systems; after taking into consideration each unique...
The impact of leverage on earnings management and the trade-off between discretionary accruals and real earnings management
February 2022
This research studies the impact of leverage on the earnings management levels of firms and investigates the role it plays in determining the choice of earnings management methods utilized by managers. This study is conducted within the context of European countries. Multiple panel regressions are run with leverage against various measures of earnings management. The results indicate that leverage curtails earnings...
Corporate governance of IPO enterprises with financial accounting fraud in China’s growth enterprise market-A case study of ABC Group
February 2022
This study focuses on analysing financial ratios to identify the company’s (ABC Group) problems and the means by which financial fraud was committed. It proposes recommendations and solutions for the corporate governance of IPO enterprises in China’s Growth Enterprise Market. This study finds that imperfect corporate governance led to financial fraud being committed by ABC Group. Many other IPO enterprises...
Non-conforming tax aggressiveness and earnings management: Evidence from Greek public companies
February 2022
The present paper examines the tax and financial reporting behaviour of Greek public companies after the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards. Corporate tax aggressiveness is measured on the basis of tax audit data whereas the extent of financial earnings manipulation is captured by total and discretionary accruals. The findings suggest that earnings quality has deteriorated as firms engage in...
The impact of audit quality on earnings management: Evidence from France
January 2022
This research investigates the relationship between financial reporting quality and audit quality within the context of French listed companies. The auditor brand name (Big4) is used as a proxy for audit quality and earnings management is ascertained through real and accruals earnings management estimation. Discretionary accruals are estimated using the Jones Model and the Modified Jones Model while real earnings...
The composition of board of directors and performance: Impact of the political experience after the Tunisian revolution
January 2022
This paper investigates the impact of directors’ political experience, acquired on the financial performance of listed companies, after the Tunisian revolution of 2011. We also emphasize the directors’ strategic experience, and the board of directors’ demographic and structural characteristics. Our data are based on a sample of 22 Tunisian companies listed on the Tunisian stock exchange during...
Effectiveness of fraud prevention and detection methods in the public sector in Tanzania
January 2022
Fraud prevention and detection methods in the public sector are vital for improved performance and service delivery in the public. However, in Tanzania, there is a paucity of knowledge on the effectiveness of these methods. The main objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of fraud prevention and detection methods in the public sector, a case of Tanzania Rural and Urban Roads Agency (TARURA)...
An empirical study of the impact of VAT on the buying behavior of households in the United Arab Emirates
January 2022
Value added tax (VAT) discouraged consumption, encouraged savings, and generated higher economic growth. Evidence on the actual effectiveness of consumption taxes in changing the consumption patterns and stimulating savings is limited. This study used an ex-post facto research design to assess the impact of VAT on goods and services on the buying behavior of consumers in UAE. It analyzed the changes that consumers in...
The nexus between bank size and financial performance: Does internal control adequacy matter?
January 2022
The economic development of any nation is largely dependent on the stability of the nation’s banking industry, because the industry promotes the savings culture of the public, aids capital funding, implements the monetary policy of a country and promotes the facilitation of international trade. Therefore this study examined the effect of bank size on the financial performance of listed Deposit Money Banks in...
Independence factors influencing audit expectation gap in listed deposit money Banks in Nigeria
January 2022
This study examines the effect of independence factors on audit expectation gap in listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The population of the study comprises of the investors/shareholders, lenders and other creditors and a sample of 385 respondents was selected using Cohran sample size formula. The period under study is from January, 2012 to December, 2019. The study used a questionnaire drawn on a five point likert...
Study on the monitoring role of institutional investors in deterring accounting fraud
November 2021
The topic about institutional investor being a monitoring role has been widely discussed but different results exist in previous empirical studies. Along with their progressively development, institutional investors are now playing more important role in Chinese capital market. Using samples from Chinese capital market, this paper collects fraud data and data of mutual funds’ ownership in listed firms between 2008...
Impact of making tax digital on small businesses
November 2021
Making Tax Digital (MTD), an initiative announced in 2015 by MP George Osborne in his autumn statement, brings with it the most impactful change to the UK tax administration for a generation. The Making Tax Digital vision aims to revolutionise the way businesses, landlords, individuals, and tax accountants interact with Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Making Tax Digital is intended to aid the...
Factors affecting the internal audit effectiveness in local government institutions in Ghana
October 2021
The paper examines the factors that affect the effectiveness of internal auditing in local government institutions in Ghana. Questionnaires were administered to the Internal Audit staff and Audit Committee members of the Accra Metropolitan Assembly in the Greater Accra region. Factor analyses were used to answer the closed-ended questions whilst the open-ended type was analysed based on recurring themes. It was found...
Fair value accounting: Perspective on stewardship function
October 2021
This paper reviews the existing and emerging perspectives on fair value accounting (FVA) in the context of the stewardship function of financial reporting. This study draws on diverse research threads and theoretical notions to advance a comprehensive assessment of existing FVA research in the context of the trade-off between decision-usefulness and the stewardship objective. By conducting a narrative literature review,...
Corporate governance and economic sustainability reporting in Nigeria
October 2021
Economic sustainability reporting enhances the financial strength of the company by meeting the diverse needs of stakeholders. Whereas, financial performance covers about 25% of the economic sustainability performance indicators as indicated in the GRI-4. To this extent, the study helps to fill this gap by considering the effect of corporate governance on economic sustainability reporting in quoted companies on Nigerian...
Corporate governance and voluntary disclosure: The case of listed firms on the Athens Stock Exchange
October 2021
This paper explores the effect of corporate governance on voluntary disclosure. The investigation of the research question was based on hand-collected data from annual reports for a sample of 93 non-financial listed firms on the Athens Stock Exchange for 2017. Using several items to create a voluntary disclosure index, the authors investigate the arguments that ownership structure, board of directors (board) and audit...
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