Investigation of the viscous fluid effect on torque and drag modeling in highly deviated wells
March 2024
In this work, the effects of the viscous flow of fluids on torque and drag simulation results were investigated for down-hole strings. Torque and drag simulations were performed with and without the inclusion of viscous fluid effects, the influence viscous fluid effects inclusion had on torque and drag simulation results were determined and the consequence this margin of influence would pose to drilling operation. Well...
Reservoir characterization of an x-field, offshore Niger Delta, Nigeria, using well data
July 2023
Petrophysical parameters of an oil field in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, were analyzed and characterized using well log data. The well log data were used to determine the hydrocarbon depth (2757 to 3591 m) and lithology of the field. Shale volume (Vsh) was calculated using linear and Larinov equations while the Archile equation was used to determine the water saturation. The study revealed water saturation of 0.035 to...
Water invasion evaluation of Kela 2 Gas Field
December 2021
Kela 2 Gas Field is a large blocked structural reservoir with bottom water in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin. Reservoir is mainly deposited as delta front underwater distributary channel in Bashijiqiuke Formation during Early Cretaceous. Reservoir thickness is over 460 m and average net-to-gross ratio is 78%. There developed faults in the reservoir which has strong anisotropy, porosity of the reservoir is 10 to 18% while...
Pipe irregularities mapping using tomographic instrumentation system
October 2021
Formation of irregularities on the inner surface of pipes is a common phenomenon that leads to corrosion and affects the functionality in the processing industries. Ultrasonic is known as one of the non-destructive means to address the formation of irregularities inside pipes. In this study, an ultrasonic measurement system is developed to detect the presence of internal irregularities in a pipe. An ultrasonic sensor...
Experimental investigation of impact of low salinity surfactant flooding for enhance oil recovery: Niger Delta field application
August 2021
Oil reserves in the Niger Delta have been gradually decreasing due to the increased production. New large field discoveries are scarce, thus there is need to improve on the production from existing reserves. Low salinity surfactant flooding (LSSF) is a potential enhanced oil recovery process to increase oil production in the Niger Delta oil fields. In this study, sodium dodecyl sulphate and ethanol were used as...
Experimental investigation of flame propagation mitigation using woven wire and perforated metal meshes in circular pipe
August 2021
Explosions due to gas leaks from accidents and human errors are major concerns faced in natural gas and related industries. Understanding its formation and dissociation mechanisms at field conditions is keys to its successful prevention and management. In the present study, two different meshes with different sized flow channels were proposed to prevent and control methane combustion in a circular gas pipeline. The...
Numerical modelling of heat and mass transfer in a gas pipe conducting system: Application to methane gas
May 2021
Methane is the principal component of natural gas. In order to be liquefied, it is has to pass through a compression station where its’ temperature is lowered. An experimental investigation of the temperature drop behaviour of methane gas has been carried out. The test section is a horizontal circular tube with an inner diameter of 6 mm, an outer diameter of 8 mm and a length of 1500 mm. The physical parameters of...
Performance evaluation of oil based drilling fluid formulated with castor oil
April 2021
Oil based muds formulated from diesel oil have proven to be quite expensive and environmentally unfriendly. This current study focused on investigating the suitability of castor oil in formulating oil based muds. The experiment in this work was conducted at different temperature conditions ranging from 40 to 80°C. The density and specific gravity of castor oil based mud were found experimentally to be 0.3 ppg and...
Study on cyclic water injection of offshore weak volatile reservoir considering hysteresis effect
March 2021
Based on the theoretical analysis of capillary hysteresis and relative permeability hysteresis and reservoir numerical simulation, a water injection strategy study was conducted for an offshore weak volatile oil fields after long-term depletion development. The results show that if the capillary hysteresis and relative permeability hysteresis are not considered, the recovery prediction results of the subsequent water...
An experimental approach to the descaling of production tubing using high pressure flat fan nozzles
January 2021
The mechanical approach of utilizing high-pressure water for scale removal has gained wider acceptance by multinationals despite facing poor downhole performance challenges (cavitation) that need abrasion compensation (sand) with side effect of jeopardizing the integrity of the well completions. The replacement of sand with sterling beads was excellent with good post descaling well completion integrity at the expense of...
Influence of wavelet phase rotation on post stack model based seismic inversion: A case study of X-field, Niger Delta, Nigeria
June 2020
The effect of wavelet phase rotation on post inversion in X-field Niger Delta has been investigated. This paper demonstrates the influence of wavelet phase employed in model based seismic inversion. It presents the problem associated with variation in wavelet phases employed in post-stack model based seismic inversion which affect the discrimination of litho-fluid contrast from inverted seismic volume. The study was...
Evaluation of a novel ionic demulsifier in the treatment of selected Niger Delta crude oil emulsions
May 2020
Emulsion treatment is one of the major challenges in crude oil production, transportation and processing. It has great impact crude oil quality, refining costs and environment. The use of chemical demulsifiers is a widely accepted procedure in the industry. However, demulsifiers used in treatment of crude oil emulsions in Nigeria industries are imported. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new...
Predicting the compressibility factor of natural gases containing various amounts of CO2 at high temperatures and pressures
April 2020
In recent years, many natural gas reservoirs have been discovered with varying CO2 contents, many of which are at supercritical conditions. Calculation of compressibility factors for such reservoirs is important. Therefore, this research presents an extensive review of the various methods to calculate the compressibility factor for different natural gases containing CO2 at various temperatures and pressures. It also...
Application of rate transient analysis modeling in diagnosis of well abnormal flowing status in Middle East carbonate reservoir
February 2020
Modern Rate Transient Analysis (RTA) is the hottest technology in recent years in reservoir engineering. Its main working principle is combining production data with bottom-hole pressure data based on the assuming reservoir model and well model. It will evaluate the reserves (Oil Drainage Radius and STOIIP), reservoir properties (permeability), wellbore condition (skin) and forecast production performance for single...
Performance evaluation of Mucuna solannie as a drilling fluid additive in water-base mud at cold temperature
February 2020
Weighted and unweighted aqueous mud formulations from a biomaterial, at cold temperature of 5°C, were tested for their rheological characteristics. Based on API guidelines and recommended equipment for drilling fluid tests, the rheological properties of the formulations were determined. The muds exhibited pseudoplastic behaviour. The fluid loss volumes of the weighted and unweighted muds are 14 and 21 ml,...
Software approach on crude oil yields prediction: A case study of Tema Oil Refinery
October 2019
Yield prediction is an integral part of every refinery process due to the intricacy of the process and composition of crude oil. Inability to sufficiently predict the yields before refinery process creates challenges such as inadequacy in planning the operating conditions to meet product target, product optimisation failure and inability to meet product market specification. Predicting yields using a yield pattern model...
Evaluating the performance of ultrasound energy on improved oil recovery using MATLAB reservoir simulation toolbox (MRST)
September 2019
There are many processes the oil industry used to recover more oil from the reservoir after the natural energy is depleted. In this research work, ultrasound energy has been tested as a method of improving oil recovery after waterflooding. The method used in this research work was a numerical simulation using MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST-2017a). Ultrasound energy source equation was incorporated into the...
A statistical approach to investigate oil displacement efficiency in thermal recovery techniques for heavy oil based on one-dimensional core experiment
August 2019
Precise description of displacement efficiency (Ed) is extremely important for evaluating the performance, economic effectiveness and final recovery of thermal recovery techniques. Current researches mainly focused on one-dimensional core displacement experiment, and it is difficult to obtain precise Ed beyond the range of test points. In addition, there are two ways to improve the Ed for thermal flooding: Increasing...
Concept of complete CO2 capture from natural gas inside exploration wells and its storage in rock reservoirs
August 2019
The innovative concept herein shown intends to present a new system of carbon capture and storage (CCS) from natural gas extracted on cement completions of gas wells by absorbent selective nanoporous materials, forming conducting channels on linked pores. CO2 fluids will be transported upwards and then injected and stored in upper nonproductive oil and gas porous rock reservoirs by the removal-transport-injection system...
A dry gas material balance with an infinite aquifer influence: A comparative study between the unsteady state model of van Everdingen-Hurst and analytical model
August 2019
Aquifer water influx is an important natural mechanism for primary recovery. It affects the performance of all types of reservoirs, also natural gas reservoirs. Water influx provides pressure support during reservoir depletion, resulting in slower pressure decline. Consequently, gas reservoirs associated with large aquifers show a flattening, cubic behavior of the p/z vs. Gp curve, which allowed the development of the...
Probabilistic approach for shale volume estimation in Bornu Basin of Nigeria
August 2019
The gamma ray log has over the years provided the conventional means for shale volume (Vsh) estimation. Knowledge of Vsh is used in the prediction of petrophysical parameters like effective porosity and water saturation, which are the input parameters for the calculation of oil in place. Currently, many studies have been conducted on the Bornu Basin of Nigeria, to access its hydrocarbon potential. Unfortunately, the...
Optimizing oil recovery using new inflow-control devices (ICDs) skin equation
June 2019
Inflow-control devices (ICDs) were developed to avoid coning problems in long horizontal wells mainly in heterogenous formations, but cause some additional drawdown which does not contribute to rate increase. This rate reduction is seen to be impairment to the productivity of horizontal wells. Therefore, horizontal wells that are equipped with ICDs require a pre-quantification of their productivity by determining skin...
Quantitative research on the influence of interlayer to thermal recovery horizontal wells in thick oil reservoir
March 2019
At present, the effect of different development patterns of interlayer like the length and the longitudinal position of interlayer on thermal recovery modes such as steam stimulation (CSS) and steam flooding (SF) is still a qualitative understanding, and there is no systematic study yet. Therefore, it is difficult to control the thermal production of thick oil reservoirs according to different interlayer patterns. In...
Prediction of the water saturation around wells with bottom water drive using artificial neural networks
March 2019
This study is concerned with the water coning phenomenon that takes place around production wells of hydrocarbon reservoirs. In this paper, the development of artificial neural networks to predict the water saturation buildup around vertical and horizontal wells with a good level of accuracy is described. In the development of expert systems, it is assumed that water encroachment originates from an active aquifer which...
Analysis of shaly sand reservoir rocks in the eastern Niger Delta Basin using geophysical well logs
January 2019
Shales in the reservoir causes complications for the petrophysicist because they generally are conductive and mask the high resistance characteristic of hydrocarbons. Data from a suite of well logs were used to estimate the effect of reservoir shaliness on petrophysical parameters of some reservoir rocks of the eastern Niger Delta Basin. The log section was digitized using Neuralog software. Delineation of the...
Effect of extended heavier hydrocarbon fraction (Cn+) composition on optimum surface separation pressure and temperature
December 2018
Hydrocarbon fluids are made up of defined components which include N2, CO2, H2S, C1, C2, C3, iC4, iC5, and C6 and undefined components known as heavier fractions (Cn+) which include paraffinic, naftenic and aromatic compounds. The hydrocarbons are separated on the surface before they are sent to the market. There are several factors affecting the hydrocarbons surface separation condition which include; pressure,...
Experimental study and field application of surfactant-polymer flooding in offshore oilfield
August 2018
Restricted by the short life of the oil development platform and its high investment, offshore oilfield needs higher oil recovery rate in the early developmental stage so as to recover its investment fast. Therefore, polymer flooding method carried out in medium water cut period was proposed. The production performance improved through the use of polymer flooding in Bohai H oilfield, but became worse when the polymer...
Experimental analysis on rheological and fluid loss control of water-based mud using new additives
July 2018
There have been many improvements on the drilling fluids due to the increased amount of environmental and safety concerns. Decreasing the amount of toxic additives found in the drilling fluid can help to reduce the environmental impact. It is very important to have an in depth knowledge of all the properties of drilling fluids in order to design an effective mud. This is because drilling fluids can have great variations...
Review of studies on pore-network modeling of wettability effects on waterflood oil recovery
June 2018
Waterflooding has become by far the most widely applied method for enhanced oil recovery, accounting for more than half of oil production worldwide. Changes in the wettability of a porous medium and the chemical composition of the wetting fluid result to changes in oil recovery. In recent time, pore-network modeling has been used increasingly to study the effect of wettability on waterflood oil recovery and multiphase...
Pressure dynamic analysis of low permeability reservoirs with deformed media
May 2018
In the traditional well test models, the quadratic gradient term of nonlinear partial differential equation was neglected according to the assumption of slightly compressible fluid, which could lead to error when the well test time was too long. As time went by, the fluid flowing boundary of low permeability reservoirs extended outwards continuously. In order to study the flowing law of low permeability reservoirs with...
Analysis and field applications of water saturation models in shaly reservoirs
December 2017
Shaly sandstone reservoirs have complex pore systems with ultra-low to low interparticle permeability and low to moderate porosity. This has led to development of several models to calculate water saturation in shaly sandstone reservoirs using different approaches, assumptions and certain range of conditions for application. This study has used actual well logging data from two different fields of South Texas and North...
Downhole flow controllers in mitigating challenges of long reach horizontal wells: A practical outlook with case studies
December 2017
Production and injection in long reach horizontal wells pose several challenges in production optimization, flow assurance and reservoir management. Horizontal wells are known to be superior to vertical wells in terms of productivity, however, they are also susceptible to early water and/or gas cut production due to the heel-toe effect and/or permeability contrasts. Uniform distribution of water injection into all zones...
Dynamic simulation of the unloading process of gas-lift hard lifts in the Kelameili Water-Flooded Gas Well
November 2017
Owing to its strong adaptability and flexibility, gas lift is widely used in deliquification or production restoration for water-flooded gas well. This paper briefly introduced the advantages and adaptability of the gas-lift hard lift technology (gas lift without gas lift valve). The mathematical model based on the mass and momentum conservation was established to describe the unloading process of gas-lift hard lift and...
A technical review of radial jet drilling
October 2017
Radial jet drilling (RJD) is an unconventional drilling technique that uses the jet energy of high velocity fluids to drill laterals with different geometries in both conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Many case studies available worldwide have proven RJD as a viable alternative to traditional stimulation techniques, especially in marginal fields. RJD has a lot of application in the oil and gas industry. It is...
A sensitivity study of relevant parameters on sand production in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs
September 2017
Sand production is a prevalent problem during oil and gas production from weakly consolidated or unconsolidated formations. It can erode downhole equipment and surface facilities, cause pipeline blockage, leakage and damage casing and generate additional need for sand disposal. Decision for appropriate sand control strategy requires engineering analysis of the key parameters affecting sand production to evaluate timing...
Predicating Water-flooding Performance into Stratified Reservoirs Using a data driven proxy model
September 2017
Fundamentally, all mathematical models employed in analysis of water-flooding performance implied assumptions to exclude one or more forces to cope with the reservoir heterogeneity. In the beginning of the survey, a series of sensitivity investigations were undertaken to examine the parameters that affect the water-flooding performance in stratified reservoirs. The factors were designed to measure the impact of each...
Optimization of Gas Recovery using Co-production technique in Water Drive Reservoir
August 2017
Recovery factor for gas reservoirs are highly dependent on factors such as initial reservoir pressure, abandonment pressure and the type of reservoir drive mechanism. Producing gas reservoirs with active water drive mechanism possess a lot of challenge to the field operator since optimum production of gas is dependent on reduced pressure. Material balance model was used to derive basic reservoir and production...
Application of production logging tools in estimating the permeability of fractured carbonated reservoirs: A comparative study
July 2017
Fractured carbonated reservoir is one type of unconventional reservoirs which has low permeability rather than conventional reservoirs in terms of complex depositional and diagenetic environment. In most of the fractured carbonated reservoirs, fluid flow characteristics such as permeability and porosity are generally difficult to estimate and the most porous intervals are not always the best reservoirs as the intervals...
Prediction of sand production in gas and gas condensate wells
June 2017
Sand production is a major concern during petroleum exploitation from unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. For efficient management, sanding predictive tools are necessary. While several models have been developed for sanding in oil reservoirs, gas and gas condensate reservoirs have received little attention because of the widespread belief that such reservoirs are not prone to sanding. This study utilized erosional...
Utilization of shredded waste car tyres as a fracture seal material (FSM) in oil and gas drilling operations
May 2017
The drilling operation cost represents 25% of the total oilfield exploitation cost. Drilling fluids represent 15 to 18% of the total cost of well petroleum drilling operations. The main drilling fluids problem is the loss into fractures and vugs. Mitigation of severe lost circulation is a main challenge while drilling in fractured formations where conventional lost circulation materials (LCM) will not cure these losses....
Methodology and case study of commercially optimum prover sizing for an ultrasonic fiscal metering system of crude oil
March 2017
This paper presents a procedure in format of a flowchart for prover sizing based on API-MPMS Standard which can be considered as a pattern for prover sizing in field prover design and fabrication. The method was analyzed and verified for the prover of the biggest crude oil fiscal metering system in Iran, that is, bidirectional field prover of Genaveh 10 Million BBL Crude Oil Storage Tanks Fiscal Metering System Project...
Petrographic and diagenetic studies of thick transition zone of a middle-east carbonate reservoir
January 2017
This work aims to characterize petrographically some of the transition zone plug samples in order to understand the impact of diagenetic processes on the transition zone rock quality. Three carbonate samples were collected from the same well which cuts through a thick transition zone of a heterogeneous cyclic carbonate reservoir of Abu Dhabi with respect to depth. The petrographic analysis was conducted by the thin...
Research on injection profile of polymer flooding reservoir in Bohai Oilfield
June 2016
During polymer flooding, the behaviors of water injection profile reflect the flooding efficiency and its performance in medium and low permeable layers represents the sweep efficiency of the reservoir. In this work, the polymer flooding wells in Bohai Oilfield is analyzed and the observations on the performance are, with more polymer injected, the injection profile is characterized by: In most of the wells, vertically,...
Enhancing the stability of local vegetable oils (esters) for high geothermal drilling applications
August 2015
Conventional drilling fluids such as diesel and mineral oil have posed some environmental and health challenges in their drilling applications but the introduction of synthetic-base fluids over the past two decades has considerably reduced such challenges. In some cases, a bottom hole temperature above 300°F (150°C) can cause significant instability in the rheological properties of these drilling fluids....
Integration of structural uncertainty and experimental design for uncertainty quantification
July 2015
During the history matching, attentions are shifted from the structural map and focus are on the dynamic properties such as relative permeability data, saturation end points and Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) information. However, structural maps can inherit huge uncertainty which can affect the dynamic behaviour of the reservoir. The objective of this study is the presentation of an approach for quantifying...
Creep deformation of fracture surfaces analysis in a hydraulically fractured reservoir using the finite element method
June 2015
In this study, we develop a Galerkin-type finite element (FE) solution to assess the creep deformation of fracture surfaces. These surfaces are treated as comparatively compliant rocks which are separated by a comparatively stiff proppant pack. Viscoelastic properties of fracture surfaces are assessed by the temperature and deformation dependent modulus. The key challenge is to appropriately develop the creep and the...
Oil-oil correlation of the South Sumatra Basin reservoirs
May 2015
The research sets about describing the different oil types in the South Sumatra Basin and relating the hydrocarbon to source rocks. Four different groups of oil have been identified; the character of the oils suggests both lacustrine and terrestrial input to the source rocks. Type 1 oils have marine/lacustrine influenced (low pristane/phytane), Type 2 are terrestrially derived (high pristane/phytane ratio), Type 3 are...
Hands-on model of sucker rod pumping facility for oil well production
April 2015
Often students of the petroleum engineering programs at the early stage of their studies in institutions of developing countries do not have easy access to the oil and gas industry facilities. Multinational petroleum companies come in with the state-of-the-arts technology, with expatriates who work and leave without technology transfer. Laboratory equipment is very costly to developing institutions of petroleum studies...
Prospect of harnessing associated gas through natural gas hydrate (NGH) technology in Nigeria
March 2015
Natural gas hydrate (NGH) technology is a feasible alternative to capture associated-gas, which are usually difficult to harness in the stranded and/or marginal oil field. The importance of gas hydrates is related to its potential to be able to contain about 160 Sm3 of gas and 0.85 m3 of water in 1 m3 of gas hydrate at standard temperature and pressure. This feature of natural gas hydrate can be brought to bear in...
Evaluating the application of foam injection as an enhanced oil recovery in unconsolidated sand
February 2015
In the Niger Delta, low oil recovery rates less than 30% results mainly due to oil production problems such as water coning, wax deposition and high gas/oil ratios. Meanwhile, the remaining oil becomes a good candidate for EOR methods such as CO2 injection, polymer and foam injection, in-situ combustion and steam injection. But as it stands, the practice of these known methods of enhanced oil recovery is scarce in the...
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