Application of piezoelectric energy generated from quartz plus semiprecious metals on wax deposition control
May 2011
The primary focus of this research is to develop a tool using semi-precious metals and quartz for preventing or eliminating wax deposition in production and transport system. It also focuses on explaining the mechanisms of using piezoelectric energy generated from mixtures of semi-precious metals and quartz to prevent wax deposition. Five samples of waxy crude were sourced from Niger Delta and characterized...
Water based mud lifting capacity improvement by multiwall carbon nanotubes additive
May 2011
Poor hole cleaning remains one of the major concerns in oil and gas industry since it will induce expensive drilling problems such as stuck pipe, slow drilling rate, high torque and drag, lost control of density and poor cement jobs. Various drilling fluids have been widely used in the oil and gas industry to improve lifting capacity of drilled cuttings. In this study, the experiment was conducted using water...
Thermal analysis of evacuated solar tube collectors
April 2011
A detailed design of the evacuated tube collectors is enumerated followed by the thermal network analysis of this collector. The temperature of each component is determined empirically. Numerical analysis is applied to find the coefficient of heat transfer across the air gap from absorber plate to the copper tubes. The performance characteristics of these collectors are analyzed and compared with commercially...
Application of genetic algorithm to hydrocarbon resource estimation
April 2011
Resource estimation is a process by which the economically recoverable hydrocarbons (HC) in place within a reservoir are calculated. The parameter that goes into resource estimation is variable and contains some aspect of risks. Resource can be defined as the total volume of hydrocarbon in place, which is further classified as reserve when proved commercially viable. Reserve estimation can be carried out...
Methods of water saturation estimation: Historical perspective
March 2011
One of the most important tasks in reservoir engineering is characterizing different parameters of the reservoir. Water saturation is a parameter which helps evaluating the volume of hydrocarbon in reservoirs. Determination of this parameter started from 1942 by integrating some well logs in clean sandstones. After that, many scientists introduced some equations to validate this procedure in shaly sands and...
Use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and cyclonic separator for simultaneous NOx and PM reduction in DI diesel engines
March 2011
This study presents the results of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and cyclonic separator for simultaneous oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) reduction in a direct injection (DI) diesel engine under different engine loads and speeds. There is a significant NOx reduction by EGR, but PM is hugely increased, especially at high EGR rate-high load conditions. A significant reduction in PM is...
Dehyrogenation catalysts of higher normal paraffins on a nanocrystalline γ-Al2O3 support: Different impregnation sequences
March 2011
In this paper, high surface area nanocrystalline gamma alumina was synthesized by the sol-gel method using cationic surfactant. The Pt-based dehydrogenation catalysts consisting of promoters and support modifiers (Sn, In, Li and Fe) were prepared using the synthesized gamma alumina and employed in the dehydrogenation reaction of n-dodecane. The effects of different successive impregnation methods for Pt, Sn...
A comparative study of recycling of used lubrication Oils using distillation, acid and activated charcoal with clay methods
February 2011
Lubricating oils are viscous liquids used for lubricating moving part of engines and machines. Since lubricating oils are obtained from petroleum – a finite product, and with dwindling production from world oil reserves, the need arises more than ever, to recycle used lubricating oils. Accordingly, this research effort focuses on comparative study of four methods of recycling of used lubrication oils:...
Recovery energy from the separated and gravity type of heat pipe exchanger in China
January 2011
The national and international circumstance and the application of heat pipeline exchanger were simply introduced in this study, while an application of the separated and gravity types of heat pipeline exchanger was discussed at the recovery energy of the electrical factory, the desulphurisation unit, the construction industries and the air-conditioning system, respectively. Their heat pipeline...
Application of Nonlinear Reduction Techniques in Chemical Process Modeling
January 2011
Model reduction techniques have been used widely in all engineering fields especially in electrical, mechanical as well as chemical engineering. The basic idea of reduction technique is to replace the original system with much smaller state space dimension. A reduced order model is more beneficial to process and industrial field in terms of control purposes by using proper orthogonal decomposition...
System identification for experimental study for ultra high molecular weight for polyethylene process by using Bi-supported SiO2 / MgCl2 / TiCl4 catalyst
January 2011
In this work, system identification method is used to capture the reactor characteristics of production rate of polyethylene (PE) based on published experimental data. The identification method is used to measure the percentage effect on the production rate of PE by measuring the effect of input factors of temperature of reaction, hydrogen concentration, and [Al]/[Ti] molar catalyst ratio. Temperature of...
Hydromagnetic forced flow between a rotating disc and a naturally permeable stationary porous disc saturated with fluid
January 2011
This paper considers the flow of a conducting viscous incompressible fluid between two non-conducting parallel discs, when the magnetic field was applied perpendicularly to the discs. The upper disc is in steady rotation, while the lower one is a stationary porous disc. The whole flow is divided into two regions: the free fluid region (between two parallel discs) and the porous region (this flow is of porous...
Chemical method for monitoring demulsification in oil industry
December 2010
A special and fast chemical method to detect and determine water separation from emulsified crude with accuracy (>97%) was developed. The method was applied successfully to determine the total amount of water in crude and its derivatives. Most methods available for the detection and estimation of low concentrations of water require either sophisticated equipment and/or take a long time. Chemical method...
Optimum site selection of natural gas vehicles station in Bangkok using geographic information system
December 2010
This paper is to demonstrate the integration of spatial modeling and geographic information systems (GIS) can be used in the optimal site location for natural gas vehicles (NGV) station in Bangkok. Integration has been proposed as one of the characteristics which distinguish GIS from other information systems. Variables used as input in this process mainly address direct construction costs and station...
Optimization of plug utilized in lost circulation treatment while drilling
November 2010
The major problem of oil wells drilling is circulation lost that can occur near weak formations and before well cementing. Conventional methods such as lost circulation material pills, cement plugs and dual injection were used to combat different types of massive mud loss in spite of their small success rate and high cost and risk. A different circulation treatment has been introduced to optimize plugging of...
Nitrogen fixing capacity of legumes and their Rhizospheral microflora in diesel oil polluted soil in the tropics
November 2010
The nitrogen fixing capacity of legumes cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and groundnut(Arachis hypogea) and their microflora grown in diesel oil simulated utisol was investigated. Result revealed that concentration as low as 1% v/w of diesel oil significantly affected the densities of nitrogen fixing bacteria, bacteriods, actinomycetes and fungi associated with the legumes. The heterotrophic...
Spectral characterization of Kolsuz-Ulukisla-Nigde clays, Central Anatolian Region-Turkey and petroleum exploration
October 2010
Characterization of the Kolsuz clays in the Central Anatolian Region (Ulukisla-Nigde-Turkey) were carried out using the spectroscopic techniques and results were interpreted in terms of petroleum exploration. The DTA-TGA measurements have been carried out for determinations of thermal behaviour of the clay samples. The FTIR spectra of clays known as standard clays such as illite, illite-smectite mixed layer,...
Saturation and pressure distributions in a two-phase flow through semi-infinite porous media
October 2010
This paper presents models and solutions for the saturation and pressure distributions in a two-phase flow through semi-infinite porous media. The mathematical model, which was developed from the popular Darcy’s equation and the continuity equation, contains a substance source/sink term. The implicit finite difference formulation of the model was solved for saturation and pressure using the modified...
Analytical critical drawdown (CDD) failure model for real time sanding potential prediction based on Hoek and Brown failure criterion
June 2010
The risks of failure in sand reservoirs and consequent sand production is now a stark reality in the upstream oil and gas industry. As a result, failure analysis of reservoir rocks for sanding potential prediction purposes has become a routine activity more than ever before. Owing to the huge economic, operational and safety implications of risks of sand failure, the efficient management of these risks for...
A proactive approach for predicting and preventing wax deposition in production tubing strings – The Niger Delta experience
June 2010
A proactive approach for managing wax deposition problems during production operation is presented. A predictive thermodynamic model is employed to determine the onset condition(s) for wax precipitation in hydrocarbon mixtures. The parameters of a continuous distribution function are used to establish the nature of hydrocarbon mixtures while a fluid temperature distribution model enables the determination of...
Experimental study on the effects of kerosene-doped gasoline on gasoline-powered engine performance characteristics
June 2010
This investigation was carried out to study the engine-out emissions from a four-stroke, four-cylinder, water-cooled spark ignition (SI) engine with kerosene blended gasoline with different proportions of kerosene ranging from 0 - 50% by volume in step of 10%. Gaseous exhaust emissions were measured with the aid of pocket gas TM-portable gas analyzer. The experimental results showed that the engine-out...
A new method for determining the formation temperature from bottom-hole temperature logs
March 2010
Earlier, the authors proposed a new method for prediction of formation temperatures in permafrost regions from temperature logs in deep wells, and developed working formulas to process field data. The application of the proposed method on predicting the undisturbed formation temperature does not depend: (a) on the well drilling history (vertical depth versus time and stops in mud circulation), (b)...
A prediction to the best artificial lift method selection on the basis of TOPSIS model
March 2010
Artificial lift as a system adding energy to the fluid column in a wellbore to initiate and enhance production from the well is necessary when reservoir drives do not sustain acceptable rates or cause fluids to flow at all in some cases which use a range of operating principles, including pumping and gas lifting. Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) model or method is one of...
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