Factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment failure in Togo, 2015-2016
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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment failure compromises its elimination as recommended by Sustainable Development Goals. Our purpose was to determine the factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment failure in Togo between 2015 and 2016. Methods: We conducted an unmatched case-control study on cases of pulmonary TB under treatment at all of 47 TB Diagnostic and Treatment Centers (DTC) in Togo between 2015...
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Ethiopia, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major infectious disease with wide spread geographic distribution and endemic nature, which has been well documented both in human and livestock of the country. TB in livestock has an important economic and public health significance, although the actual prevalence of animal tuberculosis at national level is yet unknown. Identification of the etiology of tuberculosis in different...
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Introduction: The Tuberculosis Control Center (TBCC) is responsible for prevention of the TB in France. The collaboration of this center with its partners has not yet been studied. Methods: All notified cases of TB and all of their contacts screened between 2007 and 2011 were retrospectively included. Communication between actors in tuberculosis control was analyzed. Results: Of the 175 reported cases, the TBCC sent 85.1%...
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Patient satisfaction is patient’s judgment of their desires and expectations of health care. This study determined patient satisfaction with outpatient department services. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Study participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data was entered into Epi info version 7 computer software and transported to SPSS version 20 computer program...
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Obesity and overweight are public health problems, which are most common nutritional disorders in developing and developed countries and becoming increasingly prevalent in developing countries. Obesity and overweight attributes for morbidity and mortality of millions of people with type II diabetes patients around the globe by making them vulnerable to other diseases and complications. Diabetes occurs when the body cannot...
AWARENESS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT FOR BREAST CANCER PATIENTS AND IT’S PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS
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Breast cancer is the most common and steeply rising cancer among women in Bangladesh. This qualitative observational study is done to assess the psychosocial sufferings of breast cancer patients. The purpose of the study is to evaluate eradication of social obstacles and to amending the overall level of distress and stigma associated with breast cancer. The observational prospective study was conducted on 240 patients aged...
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Ethiopia has been implementing focused antenatal care package to reduce maternal and child deaths. The quality of antenatal care service has being not resolved widely due to unstandardized measurement. Hence, this study assessed determinants of focused antenatal care service satisfaction in Public Health Facilities of West Guji Zone, Ethiopia, 2018. a facility based cross-sectional triangulated with qualitative study...
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Essential newborn care is a wide-ranging approach planned to improve the health of newborn through interventions after pregnancy. In Ethiopia, about 120,000 newborns die every year in the first weeks of life which accounts for 42% of all deaths of under-five mortality. Therefore this study is aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of essential newborn care practices among mothers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A...
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Children less than 5 years old commonly occurred during neonatal period and majority of the deaths occurring in developing countries particularly sub Saharan African countries. To assess cause of neonate admission and factors associated with management outcomes among neonates admitted in the neonatal care unit of Ayder referral hospital in Tigray region ; Northern -Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional record...
FAMILY ENGAGEMENT: A MODEL FOR IMPROVED HEALTH OUTCOMES IN PUERTO RICO
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Puerto Rico has been undergoing economic and health crises, which were exacerbated by damages from hurricane Maria in 2017. Family is central to the Latino culture, in which it is commonly referred to as familismo. The term implies strong family ties and engagement in all aspects of Puerto Rican life. This study examined how it could be harnessed as a powerful tool to improve health outcomes in that context. The...
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Management of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients remains a challenge in the control of tuberculosis worldwide. MDR-TB patients require long term treatment with drugs that cause various adverse effects especially ototoxicity associated with aminoglycoside. Current treatment guidelines still include aminoglycosides use especially in developing countries. However, there is dearth of information regarding...
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This study investigates the predisposing factors in adoption and utilization of Natural Family Planning (NFP) methods among women in Owerri Main Market. The main objectives was to determine the physiological basis of NFP methods, the advantages and disadvantages of NFP methods and to identify the predisposing factors in adoption and practice of NFP among women. Two hundred Fifty women were selected for the study through...
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Background: Evaluation of treatment success of tuberculosis treatment is used as a major indicator of program quality. However, treatment outcome of tuberculosis patients has not consistently been evaluated yet in private health facilities working with the public health facilities in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment (PPM-DOTS) facilities. The objective of the study was to assess treatment success and associated...
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Access to antenatal care services promotes safe motherhood and delivery. It also improves maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study identified factors influencing the utilization of antenatal care services and health facility-based delivery. Methods: A community based cross sectional survey was conducted. Households were enumerated, and a systematic sampling method was used to selected one in four HHs.A sample size of...
Assessment of Influenza Outbreak in Kallu Dstrict of Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia
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Background: Influenza is a respiratory infection caused by influenza viruses. It spread from person-to-person by contact with respiratory secretions. Worldwide, annual influenza epidemics result in an estimated 3–5 million cases of severe illness and 250,000-500,000 deaths every year. Influenza outbreak occurred in Kallu district, due to this; we had assessment and identify associated risk factors with the...
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Aims/purpose: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with nearly 2.1 million new cases diagnosed in 2018 The incidence of breast cancer has been increasing worldwide and in Africa it is currently the most common cancer in women. The exact figure of breast cancer cases in Ethiopia is not known but studies show that its incidence has been increasing over the past decades. This study has sought to...
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To ensure that health care is accessible to all, Community Based Health Insurance (CBHI) should be promoted and more people should be encouraged to participate. To assess willingness of community to enroll in community based health insurance and factors associated at household level in Siraro District, Ethiopia, 2017. Community based cross sectional study design was employed for 413 household samples. Simple random...
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Rotavirus is the one of most diarrhoeal cases in developing countries for both children and adults. The transmission is via the faecal-oral-route; unwashed or poorly washed hands can be the source of contamination to people, water and food. Zoonotic infection also contributes to the increase of rotavirus infection. In order to avoid risk of infection, it is critical to be informed about the virus. This study aims to assess...
Framework for Establishing Data Gaps: A case for Sustainable Development Goal 3
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An efficient and effective programme should be developed based on solid evidence. There is always a paucity of data/evidence on which to design programmes. In many cases, however, even with abundance of data and evidence, it is difficult to assess what data gaps need to be addressed to ensure as much required data as possible is available and has been used to develop an evidence based programme. United Nations Member...
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Background and aims of study: Malaria is a disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in young African children including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study designs to assess the prevalence of malaria infection among patients attending Gimbie Adventist Hospital in West Wollega, Oromia, Ethiopia. Method: Descriptive...
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Background: Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids as a result of needle stick injuries is a serious concern for health care workers and a major risk for the transmission of infections such as human immune deficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis viruses and other viral diseases among healthcare workers. Objective: To assess the prevalence of needle stick injuries among nurses and their immediate response at Tikur...
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Zoonoses are infections that are naturally transmitted from vertebrate animals to human beings and vice-versa. A questionnaire-based survey of animal health workers (n=72) and human health workers (n=72) was carried out between the periods of January 2013 to September 2014 in Jimma zone, South West Ethiopia with the intentions to assess perception of zoonoses and risks relating to zoonotic infections among animal health...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the primary public health problems in developing countries. HIV/AIDS, poverty, under nutrition, over-crowded living conditions and lack of knowledge about the disease have been known to increase the risk of spreading the bacteria and the risk of developing the disease. This study was aimed to assess communities’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards TB at selected districts of Eastern...
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Back ground Objective: a retrospective -cross sectional study was conducted to determine and compare the five years distribution of ABO and rhesus blood groups in Jimma Town blood bank Method and materials: a retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to determine the distribution of the type of blood groups of blood donors registered in Jimma Zone blood bank. A check list was used to collect secondary data of each...
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The study isolated and characterized clinical and non-clinical S. aureus strains in Ile-Ife, Nigeria using phenotypic and molecular methods. Eight hundred and fifty samples of different cultures were taken from clinical and non- clinical sources. The clinical sources were the routine specimens of wound swabs, urine, stool, blood and sputum from the Department of Microbiology and Parasitology laboratory of the Obafemi...
Comparative Efficiency of Health Care Provision in Kenya and Tanzania
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Efficient health care provision is one of the key pillars of the millennium development goal in Kenya and Tanzania. This paper compares the efficiency of health care provision in Kenya and Tanzania between 1970-2012 using annual expenditure data and selected health care outcomes. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to establish the level of efficiency in the two countries. The paper reports that health care is provided...
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Globally, sepsis is still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates, in spite of recent advances in health care system. The major burden of neonatal sepsis occurs in developing world, but most evidence is derived from developed countries. Hospital based prospective cross sectional study was conducted from April 2016 to May 2017. Neonates with clinical sepsis using inclusion criteria were included in...
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The scope of the occupational health (OH) program in Ghana has steadily evolved and improved especially among private companies. The study assessed the impact of occupational health programme in Gold Fields Ghana (GFG) Limited which deployed a descriptive cross-sectional study. One hundred mine workers were selected as respondents to answer various questions on occupational health through simple random technique as well as...
CHALLENGES OF THE STATE CUSTODIANSHIP ON ORPHANS UNDER INS TITUTIONAL CARE: INSIGHTS FROM GHANA
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The diminishing provision of services by the state, compelled with the escalating numbers of orphans and vulnerable children in Ghana, represent a crucial concern for both national and international organizations. In spite of this, little cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have been conducted to empirically identify the challenges faced by orphanages and homes. Using a qualitative case study approach, we investigated...
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Respiratory symptoms are frequently manifested among solid waste collectors. They are suffering from respiratory diseases because of frequent exposure to waste materials containing pathogenic materials and chemicals hazards for human being. Cross-sectional study was carried out to assess prevalence of respiratory symptoms and associated factors among solid waste workers in in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa from March to April,...
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Contraceptives are devices employed to prevent pregnancy. Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy. The use of birth control and proper Planning is called family planning. The objectives of study were to determine the types of contraceptive device employed by women aged 18-45 years, educational levels, occupations, and the influence of religion towards...
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Objective To extrapolate an integrated natural history model that predicts longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors into older age using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Method Growth curve modelling was employed to estimate trajectories for multiple metabolic risk factors from the ELSA dataset, allowing for random variation between individuals. The ELSA models relate age trends in BMI, systolic...
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General bone problems and Backaches is as old as man on earth and it use to be associated with old age. But bone related problems nowadays are more of accident causation globally. The competition occurring between the traditional and Orthopedics hospital on patients with bone related problems call for harmonization in the furtherance of the “health for all†goal of MDG, hence the emergence of the name...
HEALTH POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND POPULATION HEALTH: NIGERIA IN PERSPECTIVE.
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Health policy development in an appropriate cultural context under social justice with full community awareness and participation is the key to achieving a successful population health outcome. This descriptive study reviewed Nigeria’s health policy, social determinants of the population health, the role of inequality and inequity in her life expectancy and the need for developing an acceptable culturally- appropriate...
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable chronic lung ailment characterized by pulmonary or/and systemic effects that usually not fully reversible upon treatments. COPD induced cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as systemic effects are reflected in impairments of cardiovascular parameters (CVP) that are diagnosed by different invasive and non invasive methods. The non-invasive methods were...
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Maternal satisfaction is a means of evaluating quality of maternal health care given in health facilities. The objective was to assess the level of maternal satisfaction and associated factors at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital. Cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 clients by systematic sampling method from February 8, 2017 to September 25, 2017. Structured questionnaire that was prepared by Ethiopian...
Factors associated with sputum conversion in a multinational population of tuberculosis patients
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Various factors had been related with sputum conversion in tuberculosis patients, which constituted an essential indicator of the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of patients. The study evaluates the factors related with smear sputum conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis was performed from January 2013 to September 2016 in Cuban...
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Primary insomnia is subtype of primary sleep disorder that affects a large percentage of general population. The true prevalence of the problem is not well known in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of primary Insomnia among adults in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected sample of 422 adults using validated and...
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