Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici isolate NKSC02 showed the highest virulence for wilt incidence of tomato var Sida. Culture of the antagonistic fungus Emericella rugulosa on PDB+CWDB at pH 5 - 8 gave the highest significant fresh weight of fungal biomass which served as an appropriate medium for increasing the number of spores that produces bioformulation. The ED₅₀ of crude ethyl acetate from E. rugulosa against F.oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici isolate NKSC02 was 138 μg/ml, while crude hexane and crude methanol were 313 and 1372 μg/ml, respectively. Tajixanthone, a pure compound of E. rugulosa, expressed antifungal activity against mycelial growth, macrocondia and microconidia of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici NKSC02 with ED₅₀of 122, 54 and 42 μg/ml, respectively. It implies a role of antibiosis. Disease immunity to Fusarium wilt in Sida variety showed the highest immunity of 80.95% when treated with crude EtoAC at 1000 μg/ml, followed by crude EtoAC at 500 μg/ml, with an immunity of 30.09%. Bio-formulations produced from E. rugulosa in powder and oil bases gave highly significant difference in disease severity index (DSI) when compared to the non-treated control. Oil based bioformulation gave higher significant growth parameters and yield than powder based formulation, culture filtrate of E. rugulosa and chemical fungicide treatment; it also lowered wilt incidence of tomato than the others.

Key words: Emericella rugulosa, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, crude extracts, tajixanthone, bioformulation.