September 2012
Combating salinity stress effects on cotton with agronomic practices
Excessive salts in the soil lead to a series of metabolic disorders in cotton plants mainly due to osmotic effects (dehydration), nutritional imbalance and toxicity of salt ions (Na+ and Cl-). The metabolic disorders may finally reduce cotton growth and lint yield, particularly, in moderate to highly saline soils. Although, an improvement in the salinity tolerance of cotton through genetic breeding is believed to...
September 2012
Biofertilizers effects on quantitative and qualitative yield of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)
A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of bio and chemical fertilizers on essence, dry and fresh weight production in Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) in a field study in Shahrekord, Iran. The applied fertilizers were: (a) phosphate-solubilizing bacterium, (b) frowzy manure from mutton, (c) Nitroxin biofertilizer and (d) phosphate from super phosphate triple...
September 2012
Effect of pH on growth of the mycelium of Trichoderma viride and Pleurotus ostreatus in solid cultivation mediums
In the cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp), various contaminants moulds such as Trichoderma spp that are often found in production plants, leading to losses exceeding 77% in a short periods of production were identified. This research studied the effect of pH on two solid cultivation mediums, potato dextrose agar (PDA) and yeast complete medium (YCM), evaluating mycelial growth and the rate of...
September 2012
Priming Pisum sativum with salicylic acid against the leafminer Liriomyza trifolii
In a field study carried out to determine the percentages of parasitism of the leafminer Liriomyza trifoliiattacking Pisum sativum (nili plantation), the parasitoid Diglyphus isaea was the most abundant recorded parasitoid species of the pest. In addition, a laboratory work was done to ameliorate the risk of herbivory stressby priming the plants with salicylic acid (SA) (1.5 mM) at the...
September 2012
Influence of the variety, the crop year and the growing on the fatty acid and tocopherols composition of some Algerian virgin olive oils
Six local varieties of olives were selected to study their oils and fatty acid composition, with the aim to determine one or several discriminating markers of the botanical origin. The relative percentages of fatty acids were well balanced, conferring to these oils high nutritional quality, characterized by important oleic acid content. The results showed the strongest effect of variety comparing to crop year and region...
September 2012
Response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence to drought stress in two maize cultivars
This study investigated the changes of leaf photosynthetic characteristic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter responding to drought stress (DS) in two species of maize at elongating stage. The results of net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and light intensity response curve indicated that Pn reduced with enhanced light intensity. Photoinhibition in varying degrees appeared in different genotype varieties, and DS...
September 2012
Characterization of aromatic volatile constituents in 11 Asian pear cultivars belonging to different species
Aroma is an important fruit sensory attributes that is influenced by the volatile compounds present in the fruit, and it determines whether a fruit is acceptable to consumers. The volatile compounds in 11 pear cultivars from different species were investigated by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In total, 70 volatile compounds, including three alcohols, six aldehydes,...
September 2012
Vegetation strategies of invasive Argemone ochroleuca sweet in different habitats in Taif Governorate, Saudi Arabia’
Argemone ochroleuca is an invasive worldwide medicinal plant with economic potentialities. The species is largely distributed in Taif Governorate, KSA. Its introduction affected the flora of the area hence, the study aimed at elucidating the effects of its infestation at nine localities representing three different habitats, sand plains (such has in Al- Shafa, Jabajeb, and Al-Arafah), dams (as in Gadeer Albanat and...
September 2012
The role of Emericella rugulosa as a bio-control agent for controlling Fusarium wilt of tomato
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici isolate NKSC02 showed the highest virulence for wilt incidence of tomato var Sida. Culture of the antagonistic fungus Emericella rugulosa on PDB+CWDB at pH 5 - 8 gave the highest significant fresh weight of fungal biomass which served as an appropriate medium for increasing the number of spores that produces bioformulation. The ED50 of crude ethyl...
September 2012
Partnership for improved access to agro-inputs and technology: Some experiences from the emergency rice initiative project in Ghana
A two-year emergency rice (Oryza sativa L.) initiative project was launched in 2009 in response to the global rice crisis in 2008. The objective of this initiative in Ghana was to increase rice productivity in order to improve food security. Project activities included seed fairs, dissemination of information on improved production technologies using videos and rural radios, training of agro-input...
September 2012
Improved seed variety value chains in Zambia: A missed opportunity to improve smallholder productivity
Sorghum and millet are very important sources of food and farm income for smallholder farmers, which can be enhanced especially if linked to new markets. Though viewed as minor traditional crops in Zambia, sorghum and millet remain important food crops for semi-arid areas of the country. Production and productivity of these crops is low and has been stagnant for over 20 years. In recent years, there have been new...
September 2012
Population structure and dynamics of Ankole cattle in Uganda: Implications for sustainable utilisation of the breed
This study aimed at determination of structure and dynamics of Ankole cattle herds in 248 farms in Kiboga, Mbarara, Mpigi and Sembabule districts of Uganda and was conducted using a pre-tested questionnaire, administered during one-to-one interviews. Farms were randomly sampled along transects originating from the headquarters of the 19 sub-counties studied. Results showed that Ankole cattle provide livelihood support...
September 2012
The perceived impact of climate change and variability on smallholder dairy production in northern Malawi
Farmers’ perception of climate change is very important for their adoption of adaptation strategies. This paper analyses dairy farmers’ perceptions of changes in rainfall patterns and its impact on dairy production in northern Malawi. Farmers’ perception was obtained through a survey and analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and a multi-nominal regression model. The accuracy of...
September 2012
Stability analysis of selected wheat genotypes under different environment conditions in upper Egypt
The experiment was conducted during winter 2010 and 2011 to assess heat tolerance of 17 genotypes under four environments (two sowing dates with two years). The combined analysis of variance showed that the differences between genotypes as well as GXE were highly significant for grain yield, 1000 grain weight, number of kernel/spike and spike length. The genotypes No. 1, 2, 3 and 7 gave high mean grain yield, regression...
September 2012
Amino acid profile of kutum (Rutilus frisii), silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Amino acid composition of the flesh of brackish-water kutum (Rutilus frisii), warm-water silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix) and cold-water rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was determined. Glutamic acid showed the highest amount of amino acids measured in this study rather than other amino acids. The content of essential amino acids in rainbow trout (9.98) and kutum (9.72) was higher than the value in silver...
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