The objective of reviewing organic farming impact on soil fertility and biodiversity conservation was to get an updated scientific understanding, evidence-based decision-making, comparative analysis, conservation, sustainability, and continuous improvement. Inorganic agricultural farm-ing is a conventional or industrial farming system by utilizing synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms to maximize crop yields. The primary objective is to increase productivity and meet the demands of a growing population. Inorganic farming relies on mecha-nization, high-input chemical interventions, and intensive monoculture systems. While it has con-tributed to increased food production, concerns have arisen regarding its environmental impact, including soil degradation, water pollution, and biodiversity loss is not considered. Additionally, there are also no concerns about the potential health risks associated with pesticide residues and the use of antibiotics and hormones in livestock production. Therefore, by considering im-pacts of inorganic farming, scientists, governments, NGOs, Health organization, environmental protection scientists and other targeting organ should take an action to shift from inorganic farm-ing to organic agricultural farming. The goal is to produce food in a sustainable and environmen-tally friendly manner while promoting soil fertility, biodiversity conservation and the provision of healthier food options to consumers. Organic farming practices also aim to minimize water us-age, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and protect animal welfare. However, organic farming typically requires more land and labor compared to conventional systems, and price premiums for organic products can pose challenges to market access and economic viability.

Keywords: Organic farming, inorganic farming, organic agriculture