African Journal of
Biotechnology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biotechnol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1684-5315
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJB
  • Start Year: 2002
  • Published Articles: 12485

Full Length Research Paper

Preferential expression of somatic embryogenesis in five elite genotypes of Theobroma cacao (L.) associated with explant type and protocols used

N’goran Poh Konan Georges
  • N’goran Poh Konan Georges
  • World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Côte d’Ivoire Country Program, Cocody Mermoz, 08 BP 2823 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Minyaka Emile
  • Minyaka Emile
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, P. O. Box 24157 Douala, Cameroon.
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Kouassi Kan Modeste
  • Kouassi Kan Modeste
  • Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Kone Siaka
  • Kone Siaka
  • World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Côte d’Ivoire Country Program, Cocody Mermoz, 08 BP 2823 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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Djeni N’dede Theodore
  • Djeni N’dede Theodore
  • Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Microbiologie des Aliments, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Technologie des Aliments (UFR-STA), Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
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Kouamé Christophe
  • Kouamé Christophe
  • World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Côte d’Ivoire Country Program, Cocody Mermoz, 08 BP 2823 Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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N’zi Jean-Claude
  • N’zi Jean-Claude
  • Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
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  •  Received: 30 March 2023
  •  Accepted: 11 July 2023
  •  Published: 31 December 2023

Abstract

This study aims to identify the suitable subculturing time, culture media (protocols) and explants type suitable for somatic embryogenesis expression in five elite genotypes of Theobroma cacao L. Thus, petals and staminodes explants extracted from immature flower buds of genotypes (C1, C8, C9, C14, and C16) are first grown in different media (CIM and CDM) to assess the subculturing time. Then, successive transfers in EDM medium at every 4 weeks intervals until 24 weeks. To assess culture media preference, these genotypes were grown in four different protocols (I, II, III, and IV) for callus induction. They were then successively subcultured (four times at 4 weeks intervals) into EDM. About the subculture time, embryo expression is earlier in C1, C9, C14, and C16 genotypes (2nd and 4th weeks) than C8 genotype (12 and 16th weeks). However, C1, C14, and C16 (with staminodes explants) prefer protocol IV, while their petal explants prefer protocol II. Also, C9 staminodes explants prefer protocol III while the C9 and C8 petals explants prefer protocol I. This study has identified suitable explants and protocols for somatic embryo production in the tested genotypes. Moreover, this work has laid out a new strategy to overcome recalcitrance to the somatic embryogenesis of T. cacao genotypes.

 

Key words: Explants, genotypes, somatic embryogenesis, subculture time, Theobroma cacao L.

 

Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.

This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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