July 2011
Measurement of genetic parameters within and between breeder flocks of Arian broiler lines using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
The present study was carried out in an attempt to detect the genetic variation within and between four populations of commercial broiler lines using RAPD markers. Thirteen out of twenty random markers which were amplified and generating stable and reproducible bands were selected for genotyping of birds in each broiler lines. The average number of diagnostic bands per primer was 8.08 with an average number of...
July 2011
Genetic structure of Potentilla acaulis (Rosaceae) populations based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in habitat fragmented grassland of northern China
Potentilla acaulis Linn. (Rosaceae) is an important companion species in central Asia steppe. However, no information was so far detected about genetic diversity of this species. In recent years, effects of habitat fragmentation have become central issues in conservation genetics. In order to evaluate the genetic structure and to measure the effects of isolation caused by habitat fragmentation, the randomly...
July 2011
Molecular cloning and characterization of cDNA encoding Camelus dromedarius putative glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
This study determined the partial coding sequence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) cDNA from the Arabian camel Camelus dromedarius using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Degenerate PCR primers were designed from the available data base deposited in the GenBank. Applying these primers to cDNA prepared from isolated and purified total RNA from Arabian camel liver led to...
July 2011
Six SNPs and a TTG indel in sheep desmoglein 4 gene are in complete linkage disequilibrium
Desmoglein 4 (DSG4) plays an important role in the regulation of growth and differentiation of hair follicles in mammals. In this study, a 755 bp long segment ofDSG4 was screened in 544 sheep sampled from nine Chinese indigenous breeds and two Western breeds using PCR-SSCP assay with three different pairs of primers. Two of the three fragments showed polymorphisms with genotypes defined as AA, AB, BB and BC, and...
July 2011
Comparisons of competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and one step RT-PCR tests for the detection of Bluetongue virus in south west of Iran
Bluetongue is a noncontagious, arthropod-borne viral disease of both domestic and wild ruminants. Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type of species of the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae. BTV is endemic in some areas with cattle and wild ruminants serving as reservoirs for the virus. Clinical symptoms are often seen in sheep. There are several methods for the detection of Bluetongue...
July 2011
Assessment of anticlastogenic activity of cinnamic acid: Anticlastogenic index (ACI) and model simulation
Cinnamic acid and its derivatives are an important member of the phenolic compound used in food supplements. They usually occur in various conjugated forms, more frequently esters and glycosides. Mice (Mus musculus, 2n = 40) were employed as an experimental mammalian system to assess the anticlastogenic activity of cinnamic acid (CA) induced by Endoxan. Four doses; 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 and 1/4 of the LD50 of...
July 2011
Optimization of overproducing S-adenosyl-L-methionine Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-W55 mutant utilizing unpolished rice from aging paddy by feeding L-methionine
The medium and fed-batch fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-W55were optimized. The unpolished rice from aging paddy was used as major nutrient source to reduce the raw material cost of SAM fermentation. The unpolished rice saccharificate (URS) and yeast extract were employed as carbon source and nitrogen source, respectively. The dosages of URS and yeast extract in the medium compositions were...
July 2011
Testing of disease-resistance of pokeweed antiviral protein gene (PacPAP) in transgenic cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Transformation of pokeweed antiviral protein gene (PAP) into plants was shown to improve plant resistance to several viruses or fungi pathogens with no much negative effect on plant growth. The non-virulent defective PAP inhibits only the virus but does not interfere with the host. A non-virulent defective PAP gene (PacPAP) from Phytolacca acinosa was introduced into cucumber successfully by...
July 2011
Molecular genetic analysis on percentage of grains with chalkiness in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Percentage of grains with chalkiness (PGWC) is an important factor in determining the appearance quality of milled rice. A total of 10 main-effect quantitative trait loci QTLs were identified in four environments using 71 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Asominori (Japonica) and IR24 (Indica). These QTLs were further investigated using target chromosome segmental substitution lines...
July 2011
A role for stomata in regulating water use efficiency in Populus×euramericana and characterization of a related gene, PdERECTA
The physiological mechanism of water use efficiency (WUE) remains elucidated, especially in poplar. We studied WUEi (instantaneous leaf transpiration efficiency), WUEL (ratio of unused biomass and water), carbon isotope composition (δ13C), photosynthetic rates (Pn), stomatal density and stomatal conductance (Gs) in three different, randomly chosen Populus×euramericana clones: DN-2 (Populus ×...
July 2011
Design and experimentation of sensitive element of piezoelectric crystal sensor array for grain cleaning loss
This study described the optimal design for the sensitive element of the piezoelectric crystal sensor array for grain cleaning loss. To improve the signal-to-noise and resolution of grain cleaning loss, the dynamic model for grain collision sensor array was established by using elastic thin plate theory and also the best structural parameters of sensitive element were determined to make out the grain and...
July 2011
Induction of resistance in cucumber against seedling damping-off by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus megaterium strain L8
Bacillus megaterium L8, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), was isolated and evaluated for its ability to induce resistance in cucumber against seedling damping-off caused by Pythium aphanidermatum. Root-splitting challenge experiments showed that L8 treatment of cucumber roots more effectively suppressed seedling damping-off than did the control as judged by seedling survival rate (83.45 versus...
July 2011
Establishment of an efficient protocol for micropropagation of stem explants of Tylophora indica, an important medicinal plant
An efficient reproducible protocol has been developed for in vitro propagation of endangered medicinal plant (Tylophora indica). The concentration of plant growth regulators and explant types exhibited discrete roles in the efficiency of plant regeneration. Stem explants cultured on 8.8 µM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) resulted in formation of nodular meristemoids, which developed into green leafy shoots 6...
July 2011
Screening of systemic fungicides and biochemicals against seed borne mycoflora associated with Momordica charantia
Study of seed borne fungi associated with bitter gourd seeds were conducted underin vitro condition in Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Two hundred (200) seed samples of Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) were collected from southern regions of Punjab province (Multan, Khanewal and Bahawalpur). Six fungal species were isolated out of...
July 2011
Ectopic expression of a vesicle trafficking gene, OsRab7, from Oryza sativa, confers tolerance to several abiotic stresses in Escherichia coli
Rab7 is a small GTP-binding protein involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking from late endosome to the vacuole. In this study, the gene OsRab7 was isolated fromOryza sativa. Over-expression of OsRab7 gene in Escherichia coli increased the resistance to heat, cold and salt stress. In addition, subcellular localization of OsRab7 protein in E. coli and onion cells all revealed...
July 2011
Effect of NaCl on in vitro plant regeneration from embryogenic callus cultures of 'cv IR 64' indica rice (Oryza sativa L.)
In vitro experiments were conducted to assess the effect of salt stress on callus induction, survival, fresh weight, regeneration, proline level and total protein content in salt sensitive indica rice cv. IR 64. For callus induction and regeneration, seeds and calli were subjected to 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl mediated salt stress which caused significant reduction in proliferation when compared to the...
July 2011
Effect of different fertilizers on the microbial activity and productivity of soil under potato cultivation
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the application of different rates of mineral nitrogen, well rotten farmyard manure and Klebsiella planticola SL09- based microbial biofertilizer (enteroplantin) on the count of soil microorganisms (total microbial count, counts of Azotobacter, oligonitrophilic bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes), stem height and yield of potato. The experiment was set up as a...
July 2011
Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) seed quality in relation to seed deterioration under accelerated aging conditions
This study was conducted to evaluate the response of ash (Fraxinus excelsior) seeds under accelerated aging test. The accelerated aging test was carried out at three different temperatures: 41, 43 and 45°C with four duration periods of 48, 72, 96, 144 and a relative humidity of 100%. The two seed lots of F. excelsior were subjected to tests of their quality including standard germination, vigor index,...
July 2011
Comparisons of stomatal parameters between normal and abnormal leaf of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd
In this study, stomatal density (SD), stomatal index (SI), epidermal cell density (ED), guard cell length (GCL) and guard cell width (GCW) of normal and abnormal leaf of Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd were studied. This can be useful for further research of physical mechanism of abnormal leaf. Epidermal cells were polygonal with straight anticlinal walls in the adaxial epidermis of normal leaf; while in...
July 2011
The effects of ripening and cooking method on mineral and proximate composition of plantain (Musa sp. AAB cv. ‘Agbagba’) fruit pulp
In West and Central Africa, plantain fruits are eaten after cooking or after some other forms of processing. The cooking or processing method employed influences the biochemical and nutritional composition thereafter. In this study, the fruits of Falsehorn plantain (Musa sp. AAB, cv. ‘Agbagba’) at the green harvest stage, light green (more-green-than-yellow), yellowish green (more-yellow-than-green) and...
July 2011
Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification bacterium isolated from anaerobic/anoxic/oxic treatment system
A special strain of Alcaligenes denitrificans, designated as WY200811, with heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification ability was novel isolated from an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic treatment system and characterized. The average ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and TN (total nitrogen) removal rates of the strain were 0.026 and 0.028 gN/g·Cell·h. Under the environmental conditions of 22% DO...
July 2011
Effect of vermicompost on manifestation of pesticide action on growth of Zinnia elegans
In order to asses the implication of endosulfan in the soil amended with vermicompost, Zinnia elegans (Family Asteraceae) was grown, under strict laboratory conditions. Seed germination, size of internode, total length of the plant, leaf area of the plant, tufts of rootlets, which emerged, were measured and recorded. Vermicompost at a concentration of 12.5% was used as source of amendment; treatment was made...
July 2011
Study of heavy metals bioaccumulation in the process of vermicomposting
The bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cr) and the relationship between them was investigated on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) physiology during the process of vermicomposting. The soil samples were obtained from Roudehen city in the eastern area of Tehran. E. fetida specimens were exposed to a mixture of metal compounds in various concentrations to estimate the rate of heavy metal...
July 2011
Production and optimization of alkalostable lipase by alkalophilic Burkholderia cenocepacia ST8
A superior lipase-producing bacterium was isolated from forest soil samples in Setapak, Malaysia and it was identified as Burkholderia cenocepacia with 16S rRNA sequencing technique. Multifactor experimental design based on ‘change-one-factor-at-a-time’ approach was employed to optimize the production of Bukholderialipase with submerged fermentation technique. Effects of carbon and...
July 2011
Biomass production of Lactobacillus plantarum LP02 isolated from infant feces with potential cholesterol-lowering ability
The potentially hypocholesterolemic strain, designated PL02, of Lactobacillus plantarum, was isolated from infant feces. The aim of this study was to characterize and to cultivate this isolate for biomass production in a 5 L fermentor by batch or fed-batch fermentation. A modified medium composition without peptone was used to produce more viable cells with a 150 rpm agitation speed and 0.5 vvm of...
July 2011
Preparation of productive and highly purified mogrosides from Siraitia grosvenorii
The mogrosides of Siraitia grosvenorii are natural sweetener and potential chemopreventive agents. In order to obtain high-yield and good-quality mogrosides, the flash extraction method was employed to extract mogrosides from S. grosvenorii. The extraction parameters were optimized by Taguchi’s experimental design, and the total yield of mogrosides was 8.6% under the optimum...
July 2011
Cloning, purification and characterization of recombinant silkworm arginine kinase expressed in Escherichia coli
Arginine kinase (AK) is a major invertebrate phosphagen kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of high energy phosphoryl group of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to arginine, yielding phosphoarginine and adenosine diphosphate. In this study, the 1068 bp open reading frame of a putative Bombyx mori arginine kinase gene (BmAK) was amplified from a pool of B. mori cDNAs and inserted into the...
July 2011
Effects of Lymantria dispar feeding and mechanical wounding on defense-related enzymes in Populus simonii × Populus nigra
In plants, lipoxygenase (LOX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) have been related to defense mechanisms against insect feeding and wounding and these roles were investigated in poplar (Populus simonii × Populus nigra) regarding induction by third-instar Lymantria dispar larvae feeding and punching mechanical wounding.The results showed that L. dispar feeding and mechanical wounding...
July 2011
Effect of allicin on THP-1, MT-2 and WISH cell apoptosis induced by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and the molecular mechanism involved
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been reported to induce apoptosis and the onset of apoptosis may play an important role in virus-associated diseases. This study was conducted in order to investigate the protective effect of the herbal constituent allicin on VSV-induced apoptosis in the human monocyte line THP-1, human T lymphocytic leukemia cell line MT-2 and human amniotic cell line WISH and to determine the...
July 2011
In vitro antioxidant properties of polysaccharides from Armillaria mellea in batch fermentation
Antioxidant properties of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) obtained respectively from mycelia and filtrates of submerged culture by Armillaria mellea in a 20-L stirred tank bioreactor wereinvestigated. Effective production of EPS and IPS is available by submerged culture of A. mellea with respective number average molecular weights and protein/polysaccharide...
July 2011
A comparative study of antibacterial activities of wild and cultivated plants used in ethnoveterinary medicine
Farmers generally collect fresh plant materials from the wild for ethnoveterinary uses. They are encouraged to harvest with caution and dry or cultivate important materials in order to protect the biodiversity. These recommendations are not validated scientifically. The microplate method for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination was used to compare wild with cultivated, and fresh with dry plant materials....
July 2011
Population densities of wheat thrips, Haplothrips tritici Kurdjumov (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), on different wheat and barley cultivars in the province of KahramanmaraÅŸ, Turkey
Population densities of Haplothrips tritici (H. tritici) Kurdjumov (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) were studied in KahramanmaraÅŸ, Turkey. In 2002, bread wheat cultivars, Bocro 4, Pehlivan and YüreÄŸir 89, durum wheat cultivars, Balcali 85, Ceylan 95 and Harran 95 and barley cultivars, Esterel and Pacific, were used. In 2003, Sham IV and Firat 93 were used instead of Pehlivan and Ceylan 95. Hege was also...
July 2011
External morphometric study of hatchery reared mahseer (Tor putitora) in relation to body size and condition factor
Different samples of Mahseer (Tor putitora) were examined for the study of external morphometric characters of the fish. Slopes of log transformed data were used for comparison with an isometric slopes (b=1, b= 0.33 or b= 3). Relationships between wet body weight and external body parts lengths showed that increasing trend was found in all the parameters with the increase in wet body weight. Length of all the external...
July 2011
An experimental study on molecular weight of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulated in Methylosinus trichosporium IMV 3011
Due to the effects of molecular weight (Mw) of a polymer on its properties, influencing factors on the Mw of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthesized by methanotrophs were studied. Of the four kinds of methanotrophs, Methylosinus trichosporium IMV 3011 (IMV 3011) was found to be able to produce the PHB with the highest Mw value (1.2 M) under normal condition and then used for the other research on Mw of PHB....
July 2011
Accuracy of working length determination with root ZX apex locator and radiography: An in vivo and ex vivo study
The purpose of this study was to clinically compare working length (WL)determination with root ZX apex locator and radiography, and then compare them with direct visualization method ex vivo. A total of 75 maxillary central and lateral incisors were selected. Working length determination was carried out using radiographic and electronic apex locator methods. Subsequently, the tooth under study was...
July 2011
Sunflower chlorophyll levels after magnetic nanoparticle supply
This study reported the results of an experimental investigation regarding the chlorophyll contents in sunflower seedlings supplied with low concentrations of magnetic nanoparticles. Iron and iron-cobalt oxides were prepared in the form of colloidal nanoparticles for the administration in the culture medium of young plant seedlings during their very early ontogenetic stages - as possible basis of new...
July 2011
Effect of feeding regime on fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid content of perirenal, omental and tail fat in Akkaraman lambs
In this study, the effect of feeding regime on fatty acid composition including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) of omental, perirenal and tail fat from Akkaraman lambs, the most widespread sheep breed in central Anatolia, was investigated. Forty-five suckling lambs, born in the same farm, were fed mainly maternal milk from birth to weaning and then the lambs were divided into three groups. One group (maternal milk-fed...
July 2011
Effect of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid supplementation on fetal, gestation and parturition in pregnant Sprague Dawley rats
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different ratio of n-6:n-3 on gestation and parturition as well as to determine the hormone concentration on plasma of the pregnant rats. At the end of the trial period, blood plasma was collected and analysed for progesterone, estradiol and prostaglandin F2α hormone (PGF2α) concentrations, and fatty acids profile. The results indicated that the...
July 2011
Heritability and genetic correlation of production and reproduction traits of Simmental cows
Improvement of production capacity of cattle in terms of increasing the production of milk, milk fat and number of calves, greatly depends on phenotype and genotype variability, heritability and correlation between desirable traits, as well as on the production level of the cattle population. Heritability, as a value expressing and measuring average additive gene effect, is one of the major characteristic of...
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