November 2011
Detection of herbicide-resistant maize by using loop-mediated isothermal amplification of the pat selectable marker gene
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel nucleic acid amplification method that reagents react to under isothermal conditions with high specificity, efficiency and rapidity. We used LAMP for detection of herbicide-resistant maize, which is a widespread genetically modified crop. Pat gene, a widely used selectable marker, was amplified by a set of four special primers that recognized six...
November 2011
Identification and expression analysis of a pathogen-responsive PR-1 gene from Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis
In response to pathogen attacks, plant produces a wide range of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. PR-1 genes represent the first identified PR gene family. Most members of PR-1 gene family are not inducible by pathogen attacks. In this study, we identified a pathogen-responsive PR-1 gene designated as VqPR-1 (GenBank accession no. JN256202), in a subtractive suppression hybridization...
November 2011
NADP+- dependent isocritrate dehydrogenase from human kidney mitochondria
NADP-IDH was purified from the mitochondria of human kidney to homogeneity to about 1953-fold and a yield of 19.0%. The enzyme is a dimer with a molecular mass of about 220 to 240 kDa and dependent on Mn+2 or Mg+2 but other divalent cations do activate it at various degrees. Antibodies that were raised in the rabbit against the enzyme completely inhibited the activity of the enzyme, even when the enzyme could be...
November 2011
Genetic diversity in green gram accessions as revealed by STMS markers
Molecular characterization of green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) germplasm is essential for scientific assessment of variability and diversity for its better utilization in breeding programs. In this study, 120 accessions of green gram were analysed for 27 Sequence Tagged Microsatellites (STMS) loci. For data analysis, accessions were grouped into Indian and exotic. DNA profiling of the 120...
November 2011
Production and verification of heterozygous clones in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus by microsatellite marker
Mitotic gynogenetic diploids Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus were produced by activating eggs with ultra violet (UV) irradiated sperm of red sea bream (Pagrus major), followed by hydrostatic pressure treatment to block the first mitotic division. By crossing two mitotic gynogenetic diploid females with two males, two heterozygous clones of Japanese flounder were produced. Microsatellite...
November 2011
Induction, characterization and genetic analysis of Aspergillus flavus resistant mutants in Arachis hypogaea
The Aspergillus flavus infection of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) results in the accumulation of aflatoxins in seeds, which are very harmful to humans and animals. Mutation breeding programs are an effective way of inducing resistant mutants. In this study, we induced a genetic variation by using ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and gamma rays treatment for four peanut cultivars (32 mutants from Giza 6, 22...
November 2011
Genetic relationships of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon var. dactylon) from different countries revealed by sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis
Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] germplasm is genetically diverse and widely distributed between 45°N and 45°S latitudes in the world. This study was conducted to assess genetic variation and relatedness of 33 Chinese accessions of common bermudagrass (C. dactylon var. dactylon) and 22 cultivars developed in China, Australia and the USA by sequence-related amplified...
November 2011
Induction of microspore-derived embryos by anther culture in selected pepper genotypes
Five pepper genotypes (A71, A269, A313, A109 and A74) and four different culture media were tested in this study carried out at the University of Çukurova, Turkey. The anthers were cultured at different periods in order to optimize the frequency of embryo production. Moreover, the embryos that were unable to complete their growth in the culture medium studied were placed in a medium containing 0.5...
November 2011
The effect of in-vitro environmental conditions on some sugarcane varieties for micropropagation
The present paper deals with the effect of light intensity, photoperiod and growth room temperature on in-vitro morphogenetic responses of leaf sheath explants of sugarcane varieties, CoS 96258 and CoS 99259. High frequency callus initiation was recorded in leaf sheath explants incubated in dark for 10 to 15 days and then, transferred in light. Maximum shoot regeneration and number of shoots per...
November 2011
Effect of seed priming on growth and biochemical traits of wheat under saline conditions
Effects of seed priming with 30 mM NaCl was determined on various growth and biochemical characters of 6 wheat varieties (Tatara-96, Ghaznavi-98, Fakhri Sarhad, Bakhtawar-92, Pirsabaq-2004 and Auqab-2000) under 4 salinity levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM). Statistical analysis of the data revealed that varieties, salinity and seed priming had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected germination (%), days to...
November 2011
Factors affecting soil erosion in Beijing mountain forestlands
The role of regions, vegetation types and forest stand density in controlling soil erosion were investigated in Beijing mountain forest, China. The main objective was to develop some models to estimate soil erosion under different forest conditions including regions, vegetation type, and stand density as influenced by artificial experiment. Multilevel regression model was used for developing these...
November 2011
Effects of prohexadione-calcium with three rates of phosphorus and chlormequat chloride on vegetative and generative growth of tomato
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of prohexadione-calcium [(Regalis®)(100 mg L-1)] and chlormequat chloride (2000 mg L-1) on vegetative and generative growth of tomato plant. An underlying aim was to evaluate the growth of plants treated with pro-Ca with three phosphorus rates (40, 80 and 120 mg L-1). Pro-Ca was applied to plants either as a spray or medium drench, while chlormequat...
November 2011
Relationships between nitrate, chlorophyll and chromaticity values inrocket salad and parsley
The relationships between nitrate concentration, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b concentrations, chromaticity values L*, a*, b*, hue and chroma in parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) and rocket salad (Eruca sativa Mill.) were investigated. Every month, during 2004 and 2005, three samples for each leafy vegetable were obtained from the market, and after the measurement of colour with a...
November 2011
Effects of chlormequat chloride and different rates of prohexadione-calcium on seedling growth, flowering, fruit development and yield of tomato
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of chlormequat chloride and different rates of prohexadione-calcium on seedling growth, flowering and fruit development and yield characteristics of tomato under conventionally poor growing conditions in an unheated greenhouse in Tekirdag, Turkey (40°59' N, 27°29' E). The effects of medium drench and spray applications...
November 2011
Interaction of micro and macro elements with manure on barley feed yield and soil nutrient content in Sistan region
n order to study the effect of interaction of ‘micro’ and ‘macro’ elements on soil chemical properties, grain yield and feed yield in barley, an experiment was conducted as split plot design on randomized complete block design with three replications in the research field of Zabol University 2009. The different proportions of manure and chemical fertilizer...
November 2011
Mineral, vitamin C and crude protein contents in kale (Brassica oleraceae var. acephala) at different harvesting stages
This study compares mineral, vitamin C and crude protein contents at different harvesting stages in kale (Brassica oleraceae var. acephala). Three different harvest periods as first harvest stage (at the rosette stage), second harvest stage (at the budding stage) and third harvest stage (at the flowering/blooming stage) were utilized in the study. The results of the study...
November 2011
Low molecular weight organic acids in root exudates and cadmium accumulation in cadmium hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. and non-hyperaccumulator Solanum lycopersicum L.
Changes in the roots exudation of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA), cadmium (Cd) accumulation and translocation and soil solution pH in Solanum nigrum L., the Cd-hyperaccumulator were examined and compared with a non-hyperaccumulator Solanum lycopersicum L. The differences were significant (P < 0.05 or < 0.01) between S. nigrum and S....
November 2011
Decolorization of the azo dye reactive black 5 using laccase mediator system
Laccase mediator system (LMS) has been widely used in various fields. In this study, we tested the capacity of LMS in the decolorization of a recalcitrant azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5). Both acetosyringone and syringaldehyde demonstrated high mediating ability for RB5 decolorization and acetosyringone was proved to be the most efficient mediator. The decolorization process was not significantly affected at...
November 2011
Phyto-accumulation of heavy metals by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown on contaminated soil
This study was carried out at the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, KPK Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan to investigate the phyto-accumulation capacity of heavy metals [lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd)] by two cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiment was conducted in pots using completely randomized (CR) design with three replications. Three...
November 2011
Mineral composition of dominant plant species growing in a phosphorus mining area
To evaluate the potential of native plants for phytoremediation, a field survey of terrestrial plants growing in a phosphorus (P) mining area in Shifang, China, was conducted to identify the variation of mineral composition in the soil and plants. The mineral composition [nitrogen (N), P, potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)] of roots and shoots and...
November 2011
Assessing the effectiveness of protected area management in the Turkish Caucasus
Despite expected benefits such as conservation, recreation or sustainable development, most protected areas (PAs) have serious problems in implementingbasic management functions such as planning, organizing, coordination or control. In order to maximize management effectiveness, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) has developed the...
November 2011
Hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological investigations of thermal waters in the Alasehir-Kavaklidere area (Manisa-Turkey)
Alasehir graben is located in the southern edge of the Gediz graben, which is an important graben for geothermal activity. Thermal waters are hosted by Menderes massif metamorphic rocks, which are made of gneisses, schists and marbles. Impermeable clayey units of the neogene sediments are cap rocks of the geothermal system. Presence of geothermal waters is closely related to normal fault systems and graben...
November 2011
Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of mycelial polysaccharides from Paecilomyces hepiali using response surface methodology and its antioxidant activity
Ultrasonic technology was applied to extract mycelial polysaccharides fromPaecilomyces hepiali and the process was optimized by response surface methodology. Antioxidant activity of polysaccharides was also investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (%DPPHsc). Three independent variables were ratio of water to raw material (x1), ultrasonic power (x2) and...
November 2011
Occurrence, isolation and DNA identification of Streptococcus thermophilus involved in Algerian traditional butter ‘Smen’
Streptococcus thermophilus isolates from traditional butter ‘Smen’, a fermented product from cow’s and ewe’s milk in arid area was subjected to taxonomical investigations. The identification procedure included phenotypic approaches, molecular characterization by using genus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications for sodA gene encoding the manganese-dependant...
November 2011
Further physicochemical characterization of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth fruit pulp as a mineral supplement
Fresh Parkia biglobosa fruit pulp was evaluated in terms of its water absorption, foam and emulsion capacities, gelatinization temperature, moisture content, microbial count, swelling and solubility profiles. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were carried out for morphological and thermal analysis. The release of its vitamin C in water at...
November 2011
Development and optimization of sweet cream butter from buffaloes at cottage scale
The research was intended to optimize and scientifically evaluate the traditional/ household butter making methods for getting good quality and yield of butter by standardizing cream fat levels and altering churning temperatures during butter making. In the present study, cream fat levels were standardized at 30, 35 and 40% and they were churned at different temperatures (8, 10 and 12°C) for making butter...
November 2011
Nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of Curculigo pilosa (Hypoxidaceae) rhizome
Curculigo pilosa (CP) rhizome traditionally used in the manufacture of infant food and sorghum beer in West Africa was assessed for its nutritional composition, mineral content as well as antioxidant activities. Results from the proximate analysis showed that the rhizome contains crude fibre (34.76%), carbohydrate (34.09%) and moderate energy value (188.77 Kcal/100 g). Crude protein, crude fat,...
November 2011
Biocatalytic synthesis and antioxidant capacities of ascorbyl esters by Novozym 435 in tert-butanol system using different acyl donors
Novozym 435 was used to catalyze the synthesis of fatty acid (FA) ascorbyl esters intert-butanol using methyl palmitate, oleic and linoleic acids, and soybean oil as acyl donors. Response surface methodology (RSM) and three-level-four-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) were employed to optimize the synthesis parameters of ascorbyl palmitate, such as Novozym 435 dosage, reaction temperature,...
November 2011
Improvement of specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the identification of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) was optimized using the H2 gene sequences of M1601. The test was evaluated on 20 strains including six representative strains of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster as well as 13 field isolates from China, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia...
November 2011
The antioxidant properties, cytotoxicity and monoamine oxidase inhibition abilities of the crude dichloromethane extract of Tarchonanthus camphoratus L. leaves
Tarchonanthus camphoratus (camphor bush) has been widely used for numerous medicinal purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties, cytotoxicity and monoamine oxidase inhibition activities of the crude dichloromethane leaf extract of T. camphoratus. The antioxidant activities were assessed using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay and...
November 2011
Effect of high dose thiamine therapy on activity and molecular aspects of transketolase in Type 2 diabetic patients
Commonest form of diabetes mellitus is Type 2, treated with oral hypoglycemic agents, which often carry potential adverse effects and do not address the intracellular metabolism of glucose. Thiamine is an essential co-factor for vital subcellular enzymes and has potential to benefit Type 2 diabetics. This study was therefore designed to investigate the effect of high dose thiamine therapy on the...
November 2011
Protective effects of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), green tea (Camellia sinensis) and commercial supplements on testicular tissue of oxidative stress-induced rats
This study compares the modulation of oxidative stress by an indigenous herbal tea, rooibos, Chinese green tea and commercial rooibos and green tea supplements in rat testicular tissue. Male Wistar rats (n = 60) were fed with either fermented rooibos, “green” rooibos, Chinese green tea, commercial rooibos or green tea supplements for ten weeks. Oxidative stress (OS) was induced in all animals by...
November 2011
Targeting the human lysozyme gene on bovine αs1-casein gene locus in fibroblasts
Targeting an exogenous gene into a favorable gene locus and for expression under endogenous regulators is an ideal method in mammary gland bioreactor research. For this purpose, a gene targeting vector was constructed to targeting the human lysozyme gene on bovine αs1-casein gene locus. In this case, the expression of human lysozyme could be regulated by the endogenous cis-element of...
November 2011
Establishment of plant regeneration system from anther culture of Tagetes patula
Plant regeneration of Tagetes patula was achieved from anther explants via adventitious shoot differentiation from callus. The effects of genotype, temperature pretreatment, plant growth regulators, light regimes and sucrose concentration were studied. Eight of ten genotypes tested were successfully regenerated. The highest callus induction rate and regeneration frequency of line 21605 was obtained...
November 2011
Estimation of segmental fat free mass in Taiwanese elderly females by bioelectrical impedance analysis with new mathematical model
The aim of this study was to develop new predictive equations for evaluating the fat free mass (FFM) of body segments in Taiwan elderly female. Modified bioelectrical impedance analysis with eight electrodes (BIA8) and referenced standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was applied to measure the segment body composition. The criterion of FFM values determined by DXA and predictive values by BIA...
November 2011
A study of patrilineal genetic diversity in Iranian indigenous horse breeds
Autosomal markers and mtDNA have been used in horse phylogenetic studies. These studies display evolutionary events that happened in both sexes or only in females. It is necessary to investigate genetic diversity in Y-specific markers for clarifying contribution of males in horse domestication. The Y chromosome, excluding the pseudoautosomal region, is inherited as a single nonrecombinant unit and, therefore,...
November 2011
Molecular cloning, expression analysis and sequence prediction of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta gene of Qinchuan cattle
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), as an essential transcriptional factor, regulates the differentiation of adipocytes and the deposition of fat. Herein, we cloned the whole open reading frame (ORF) of bovine C/EBPβ gene and analyzed itsputative protein structures via DNA cloning and sequence analysis. Then,...
November 2011
Some morphometric relationships of hatchery reared male population of Oreochromis mossambicus from Pakistan
In this study, length-weight (LWR), length-length relationships (LLR) and condition factor (K) of male Oreochromis mossambicus from Nursery Unit Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan were examined. The range of the total length (TL) was determined to be 13.20 to 18.10 cm. This study shows that b-value in the LWR (W = aLb) for male O.mossambicus had isometric growth with b = 2.93....
November 2011
Association analysis of CAPN1 gene variants with carcass and meat quality traits in Chinese native cattle
The CAPN1 gene plays an important role in post mortem tenderization of meat and it is a main candidate gene for assessing the meat quality characteristics of beef. In this study, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) A3717G and A3854G of bovine CAPN1CAPN1gene were predicted and identified by bioinformatics and DNA sequencing methods. Furthermore, the association between...
November 2011
Ameliorative effect of glucomannan-containing yeast product (Mycosorb) and sodium bentonite on performance and antibody titers against Newcastle disease in broilers during chronic aflatoxicosis
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of aflatoxin (AF), yeast glucomannan (YG) and sodium bentonite (SB) on performance and immunization against Newcastle disease (ND) in broiler feed with naturally contaminated diet with aflatoxin. For this experiment, 300 7-day-old Ross 308-strain broiler chickens werechosen and randomly assigned to ten...
November 2011
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), n-3 and n-6 fatty acids on performance and carcass traits of broiler chickens
An experiment was conducted on broiler chickens to study the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), fish oil, soybean oil or their mixtures (at 7% for single and 3.5% + 3.5% for mixtures) as well as up 12% dosage of palm oil, on the performance and carcass traits of broiler chickens. The chicks fed 7% fish oil or 7% CLA diets were found to have the most inferior weight gain in grower and finisher phases,...
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