January 2009
Insect chromosomes preparing methods for genetic researches
Cytogenetics are almost always based on the examination of the fixed mitotic chromosomes during the analyses of metaphase. During this phase of the cycle of cells, the DNA is folded up and chromatin is strongly condensed. The relative position of the centromere is constant, which means that the ratio of the lengths of the two arms is constant for each chromosome. Importantly, each chromosome displays a unique banding...
January 2009
Synthesis, physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) mixed-ligand complexes of dimethylglyoxime - Part I
Some mixed-ligand complexes of the general formula [M(Hdmg)2B], where Hdmg = dimethylglyoximato monoanion, B = 2-aminophenol, diethylamine or malonic acid were prepared. The complexes were characterized by metal analysis, melting points, solubility, conductivity, infrared and UV/VIS electronic spectra. The antimicrobial activities of he complexes were tested using Escherichia coli,staphylococcus...
January 2009
Gastroprotective effects of leaf extracts of Carpolobia lutea (polygalaceae) G. Don. in rats
The preliminary screening of the gasroprotective effects of Carpolobia lutea leaf extracts was investigated through bioactivity guided gradient extraction. Experimentally induced gastric ulceration was affected using ulcerogens such as indomethacin, ethanol, reserpine in 0.5% acetic acid, stress, serotonin and diethylthiocarbamate in rats. The median lethal dose (LD 50) of the ethanol extract was also...
January 2009
Antisickling activities of two ethnomedicinal plant recipes used for the management of sickle cell anaemia in Ibadan, Nigeria
Two plant recipes used in the management of Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) by the indigenous people of Ibadan, Nigeria were studied for their antisickling activities. Using methanolic extracts of powdered plant parts, in vitro studies antisickling activities of the extracts were evaluated using p-hydroxybenzoic acids and normal saline as controls. The method employed involved the inhibition of sodium metabisulphite...
January 2009
Genetic variability in yam cultivars from the Guinea-Sudan zone of Benin assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is an important food and cash crop in the Guinea-Sudan zone of Benin. The genetic diversity of about 70 cultivars of Dioscorea cayenensis/Dioscorea rotundata (Guinea yam) and about 20 cultivars of Dioscorea alata (water yam) was analysed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The amplified bands revealed high polymorphism. These polymorphic DNA fragments...
January 2009
Optimization of biomass and dihydroorotase (DHOase) production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MNJ3 (pMNJ1)
Growth conditions which maintains DHOase overproduction by Saccharomyces cerevisiae MNJ3 (pMNJ1) and allow sufficient biomass production to ensure DHoase’s purification were investigated. We used as basal medium the Yeast Carbon Base (YCB; Difco), especially designed for studies of nitrogen metabolism in yeasts. Thus the effects of an additional carbon source (glucose or citric acid) and the influence of...
January 2009
Evaluation of cassava (Manihot esculenta (Crantz) planting methods and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] sowing dates on the yield performance of the component species in cassava/soybean intercrop under the humid tropical lowlands of southeastern Nigeria
Field study was conducted during 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of cassava planting methods (horizontal or slanting) and soybean sowing dates (4 and 2 weeks before cassava, simulta-neous with cassava, 2 and 4 weeks after cassava) on the yield and yield components and biological productivity of the crop species grown in sole and intercrop. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial...
January 2009
The termicidal effects of Chlorpyrifos 48 EC, Endosulfan 35 EC, Dichlorvos 1000 EC and Diazinon 600 EC against termites in South-West Nigeria
Studies were carried out at the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan to determine the efficacy of four insecticides (Chlorpyrifos 48 EC, Endosulfan 35 EC, Dichlorvos 1000 EC and Diazinon 600 EC) on termites (workers and soldier castes). The results showed that for both topical and residual action tests, worker caste mortality rates ranging from 70 to 100% were recorded for Chlorpyrifos, Endosulfan, Dichlorvos and...
November 2009
Distribution and damage characteristics of an emerging insect pest of cashew, Plocaederus ferrugineus L. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) In Nigeria: A preliminary report
Among the numerous insect pests infesting cashew in Nigeria, the cashew trunk and root borer, Plocaederus ferrugineus L. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is fast becoming the most dreaded because its infestation results in the sudden death of the tree within weeks. Observations at Ochaja in 1999/2000 and at Ibadan in 2005 of “sudden death” of mature cashew trees within few weeks of infestation were...
January 2009
The effect of bacterial inoculation and different nitrogen doses on yield and yield components of some chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L.)
This study was carried out to determine the effect of bacterial inoculation and different nitrogen doses on yield and yield components of some chickpea genotypes in Mustafakemalpaşa province. The research was conducted at Uludag University, Mustafakemalpaşa Vocational School, Application and Training Field Bursa, Turkey in 1999 and 2000. Three genotypes; Local population, Canıtez 87 cultivar and ILC-114 Line were...
January 2009
Plant species responses to oil degradation and toxicity reduction in soil
A field project located at the Botanical garden of the University of Port Harcourt was designed to evaluate changes in contaminants concentration and toxicity during phytoremediation. Vegetated plots were established by planting different plant species – legumes and vegetable (Abelmoschus, esculentus, Telfaria occidentalisand Vigna unguiculata) and applied with sawdust...
January 2009
KACC: An identification and characterization for microbial resources in Korea
Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) is an authorized organizer and the official depository for microbial resources in Korea. The KACC has developed a web-based database system to provide integrated information about microbial resources. It includes not only simple text information on individual microbe but also morphological images and DNA sequence data for the strain. The KACC now...
January 2009
A comparative study of the lipase yield by solid state and submerged fermentations using fungal species from biopharmaceutical oil waste
A comparative study of lipase enzyme yields by solid state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) was performed here. Three fungal colo-nies were isolated from biopharmaceutical oil waste collected from “Oushadhi” (The Pharmaceutical Corporation (IM) Kerala Ltd). The pure colo-nies were then used as inoculums for solid state and submerged fermentation of lipase. Strains were identified...
January 2009
Antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of leaf extracts of Lasienthera africanum
The phytochemical analysis of both the aqueous and methanolic extracts of edible indigenous medicinal plant Lasienthera africanum (“Editan”) and their antibacterial activities against clinical isolates, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids,...
January 2009
Effect of different media on production of lactic acid from whey by Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Whey containing 50 g.l -1 lactose was fermented to lactic acid in batch process byLactobacillus bulgaricus. The impact of 5 different media with change in volume percent of whey and nutrient was investigated at 32 ± 0.5°C. Substrate consumption and lactic acid production were determined at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h. In these experiments, the volume percent of whey and...
January 2009
The effect of apricot kernel flour incorporation on the physicochemical and sensory properties of noodle
This study considers the application of apricot kernel (AK), a by-product of apricot processing plants containing wide range of nutrients, in enrichment of noodle. The alterations in chemical (moisture, oil, protein and ash content), physical (colour), cooking (optimum cooking time, cooking loss, volume and weight increase), and sensory properties (odour, appearance, mouthfeel, taste, total acceptability) of...
January 2008
Utilization of soya protein as an alternative protein source in Oreochromis niloticus diet: Growth performance, feed utilization, proximate composition and organoleptic characteristics
The effect of replacing fish protein with soya protein in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets was examined. Three isoproteic (35%) diets containing 0% (FD); 50% (MD) and 100% (SD) fish protein substituted by soya protein were formulated. Fish (initial weight = 11.56 ± 4.22 g) was fed with experimental diets for 180 days. Results showed that the best growth was achieved with fish fed FD. Growth parameters such...
January 2009
Determination of degradability of treated soybean meal and its proteins fractions
This study was carried out to determine the effects of xylose and moisture heating treatments (0, 5 and 10 g/kg DM) of soybean meal (SBM) on in situ rumen degradability characteristics in cow and its proteins sub-units fractions by a SDS-PAGE discontinues system. In the experiments, three ruminally cannulated male Taleshi cow were used to measure in situ rumen degradability characteristics of dry...
January 2009
An assessment of the reproductive performance of estrus synchronized West African Dwarf (WAD) does using medroxyl-progestrone acetate (MPA)
This study was carried out to assess the reproductive performance of cycling West African Dwarf does as well as to assess the efficacy of medroxyl-progestrone acetate, an estrus synchronizing drug, that has the advantage of beingadministered orally and intramuscularly. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design using 40 cycling does divided into five experi-mental...
January 2009
Studies on isolation and partial purification of lysozyme from egg white of the lovebird (Agapornis species)
Lysozyme was extracted from the egg white of the eggs of lovebird (Agapornis sp.) and partially purified using the dialysis membrane. The amount of lysozyme extracted was determined through absorbance assays using Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls as substrate. The total protein content in the crude (0.5 mg/ml) and partially purified (0.01 mg/ml) enzyme extract was estimated. The presence of lysozyme...
January 2009
Determination of alkaloids and oxalates in some selected food samples in Nigeria
The amount of alkaloids and oxalates present in some selected Nigerian food samples were determined. The samples include Solanum tuberosum L., Ipo-mea batatas L., Discorea alta, Discorea rotundata, Colocasia esculents L., Triticum vulgare, Soja hispida and Amarathus sp. The percentage alkaloids present in the samples ranged from 11.4 - 29.5% while that of oxa-lates range...
January 2009
Pharmacognostic evaluation of the leaves of Dissotis rotundifolia Triana (Melastomataceae)
Dissotis rotundifolia Triana (Melastomataceae), a native of tropical West Africa is known to have many uses in ethnomedicine. Establishment of pharmacognostic profile of the leaves will assist in standardization which can guarantee quality, purity and identification of samples. Evaluation of fresh, powdered and anatomical sections of the leaves was carried out to determine the macro-morphological,...
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