Abstract

Upon examination of African history, changes, controversial issues, new directions and difficulties are typical life events that every person in Africa should adapt to. Self-leadership among African leaders is one method of coping with difficult circumstances. A comprehensive leadership contingency model is described. In this model, important leadership approaches are described, and the application possibilities and outcomes of each leadership approach are explored. From the aforementioned discussions, it is clear that the self-leadership approach to leadership focuses on self-influencing processes in contrast to other leadership processes where more focus is placed on the leader; the work environment in which the self-leadership approach is applied is equivalent to the work environment of high achieving African organizations; the self-leadership approach has the most positive outcomes (particularly in the African living and working contexts). Due to this, the self-leadership approach to leadership is therefore proposed and comprehensively discussed as a way for leaders in the African context to lead in future.

Key words: Self-leadership, leadership, leadership contingency model, management.