Full Length Research Paper
References
Ali BJ, Anwar G (2021). An empirical study of employees' motivation and its influence job satisfaction. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management 5(2):21-30. |
|
Anand S, Hu J, Vidyarthi P, Liden R (2018). Leader-member exchange as a linking pin in the idiosyncratic deals - Performance relationship in workgroups. The Leadership Quarterly 29(6):698-708. |
|
Audenaert M, Vanderstraeten A, Buyens D (2017). When affective well-being is empowered: The joint role of leader-member exchange and the employment relationship. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 28(15):2208-2227. |
|
Bauer TN, Erdogan BB (2016). The oxford handbook of leader-member exchange. Oxford University Press. |
|
Bedi A, Alpaslan CM, Green S (2016). A meta-analytic review of ethical leadership outcomes and moderators. Journal of Business Ethics 139:517-536. |
|
Breevaart K, Bakker AB, Demerouti E, van den Heuvel M (2015). Leader-member exchange, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology 30(7):754-770. |
|
Burns JMG (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row. |
|
Christensen RK, Paarlberg L, Perry JL (2017). Public service motivation research: Lessons for practice. Public Administration Review 77(4):529-542. |
|
Clarke S (2016). Managing the risk of workplace accidents, in Risky Business: Psychological, Physical and Financial Costs of High-Risk Behavior in Organizations. Burke RJ, Cooper CL (eds.), (London: Routledge). pp. 403-432. |
|
Dansereau Jr. F, Graen G, Haga WJ (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 13(1):46-78. |
|
Dulebohn J, Bommer W, Liden R, Brouer R, Ferris G (2012). A meta-analysis of antecedents and consequences of leader-member exchange integrating the past with an eye toward the future. Journal of Management 38(6):1715-1759. |
|
Engelbrecht AS, Heine G, Mahembe B (2017). Integrity, ethical leadership, trust and work engagement. Leadership and Organization Development Journal 38(3):368-379. |
|
Garvey B, Garvey R, Stokes P (2021). Coaching and mentoring: Theory and practice. Sage. |
|
Gerstner CR, Day DV (1997). Meta-analytic review of leader-member exchange theory: Correlates and construct issues. Journal of Applied Psychology 82(6):827-844. |
|
Graen GB, Uhl-Bien M (1995). The relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of LMX theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level, multi-domain perspective. Leadership Quarterly 6(2):219-247. |
|
Han GH, Bai Y (2020). Leaders can facilitate creativity: The moderating roles of leader dialectical thinking and LMX on employee creative self-efficacy and creativity. Journal of Managerial Psychology 35(5):405-417. |
|
HBR Analytical Services (2020). Cultivating workforce well-being to drive business value. Research report. Available at: |
|
Hirschi A, Valero D (2017). Chance events and career decidedness: Latent profiles in relation to work motivation. Career Development Quarterly 65:2-15. |
|
Hooi LW (2016). The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Leader-Member Exchange in Justice-Citizenship. In Organisational Justice and Citizenship Behaviour in Malaysia. Springer, Singapore pp. 235-247. |
|
Hussain S, Shahzad K (2018). Role of supervisor's organizational embodiment and organizational identification on LMX and job performance relationship: A test of moderated-mediation model. Journal of Management Sciences 5(1):18-37. |
|
Inanc EE (2018). The mediating effect of leader member exchange on personality congruence and affective commitment. Ph.D. thesis, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN. Available at: |
|
Jawahar IM, Schreurs B (2018). Supervisor incivility and how it affects subordinates' performance: a matter of trust. Personnel Review 47(3):709-726. |
|
Kakkar S (2019). Leader-member exchange and employee resilience: The mediating role of regulatory focus. Management Research Review 42(9):1062-1075. |
|
Keeys LA, Huemann M (2017). Project benefits co-creation: Shaping sustainable 119 development benefits. International Journal of Project Management 35(6):1196-1212. |
|
Kim MS, Koo DW (2017). Linking LMX, engagement, innovative behavior, and job performance in hotel employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29(12):3044-3062. |
|
Kuvaas B, Buch R (2019). Leader self-efficacy and role ambiguity and follower leader-member exchange. Leadership and Organization Development Journal 41(1):118-132. |
|
Lapointe É, Vandenberghe C, Ben Ayed AK, Schwarz G, Tremblay M, Chenevert D (2020). Social comparisons, self-conceptions, and attributions: Assessing the self-related contingencies in leader-member exchange relationships. Journal of Business and Psychology 35(3):381-402. |
|
Liang L, Yongyue Z, Chanwook P (2018). Leader-member exchange, sales performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment affect turnover intention. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal 46(11):1909-1922. |
|
Loignon AC, Gooty J, Rogelberg SG, Lucianetti L (2019). Disagreement in leader-follower dyadic exchanges: Shared relationship satisfaction and investment as antecedents. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 92:618-644. |
|
Mackey JD, Huang L, He W (2020). You abuse and I criticize: An ego depletion and leader-member exchange examination of abusive supervision and destructive voice. Journal of Business Ethics 164:579-591. |
|
Manata B (2020). The effects of LMX differentiation on team performance: investigating the mediating properties of cohesion. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies 27(2):180-188. |
|
Martin R, Thomas G, Legood A, Dello Russo S (2018). Leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation and work outcomes: Conceptual clarification and critical review. Journal of Organizational Behavior 39(2):151-168. |
|
Medler-Liraz H, Kark R (2011). It takes three to tango: Leadership and hostility in the service encounter. The Leadership Quarterly 23(1):81-93. |
|
Men LR, Stacks DW (2013). The impact of leadership style and employee empowerment on perceived organizational reputation. Journal of Communication Management 17(2):171-192. |
|
Min-Seong K, Dong-Woo K (2017). Linking LMX, engagement, innovative behavior, and job performance in hotel employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29(12):3044-3062. |
|
Morrison R, Cooper-Thomas H (2015). Friendship among co-workers. |
|
Muhammad NK, Muhammad FM (2017). My leader's group is my group". Leader-member exchange and employees' behaviours. European Business Review 29(5):551-571. |
|
Nguyen TH (2020). Impact of leader-member relationship quality on job satisfaction, innovation and operational performance: A case in Vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 7(6):449-456. |
|
Norman S, Avey J, Larson M, Hughes L (2019). The development of trust in virtual leader-follower relationships. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management 15(3):279-295. |
|
Northouse PG (2021). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th edition). Sage Publications. |
|
Osabiya BJ (2015). The effect of employees' motivation on organizational performance. Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research 7(4):62-75. |
|
Parry SB (1998). Just what is a competency? (And why should you care?). Training 35:58-64. |
|
Patnaik A, Dubey R (2019). Impact of leadership on employee engagement and intent to stay. International Journal on Leadership 7(2):58-66. |
|
Qi H, Yijun S, Weiguo Y (2019). How leader-member exchange affects knowledge sharing behavior: understanding the effects of commitment and employee characteristics. Frontiers in Psychology 10:2768. |
|
Quade MJ, McLarty BD, Bonner JM (2020). The influence of supervisor bottom-line mentality and employee bottom-line mentality on leader-member exchange and subsequent employee performance. Human Relations 73(8):1157-1181. |
|
Rashid R, Dastgeer G, Kayani T (2018). A social exchange perspective through the lens of an individual: Relationship between LMX, voice and organizational commitment in academia. Business and Economic Review 10(3):41-64. |
|
Reb J, Chaturvedi S, Narayanan J, Kudesia RS (2019). Leader mindfulness and employee performance: A sequential mediation model of LMX quality, interpersonal justice, and employee stress. Journal of Business Ethics 160(3):745-763. |
|
Regts G, Molleman E, Brake HJ (2019). The impact of leader-member exchange on follower performance in light of the larger social network. Human Relations 72:1265-1291. |
|
Ross J, Valenzuela M, Intindola M, Flinchbaugh C (2017). Preparing potential leaders: Facilitating a learning experience on LMX and fairness in the workplace. The International Journal of Management Education 15(1):84-97. |
|
Rothmann S, Scholtz PE, Rothmann JC, Fourie M (2002). The relationship between individual variables and work-related outcomes. In International Conference of the Council for Small Business. Available at: |
|
Ruzgar N (2018). The effect of leaders' adoption of task-oriented or relationship-oriented leadership style on leader-member exchange (LMX), in the organizations that are active in-service sector: A Research on Tourism Agencies. Journal of Business Administration Research 7(1):50-60. |
|
Salas-Vallina A (2020). Towards a sustainable leader-follower relationship: Constructive dissensus, organizational virtuousness and happiness at work (HAW). Sustainability 12(17):708. |
|
Saleh AJ, Jalal-Eddeen F, Kilba YA (2015). How to build a nest for success in the public health sector: A critical look at the leadership theories. Humanities and Social Sciences 3(4):133-139. |
|
Shaikh GM, Thebo JA, Jamali M, Sangi F, Sangi SA, Sheikh GM (2019). The impact of quality leader member exchange on job satisfaction Mediating effect of organizational commitment. Sociology International Journal 3(5):411-419. |
|
Shen Y (2019). Cognitive leader-member exchange differences between supervisors and subordinates. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 68(4):817-837. |
|
Siddique CM, Siddique HF, Siddique SU (2020). Linking authoritarian leadership to employee organizational embeddedness, LMX and performance in a high-power distance culture: A mediation-moderated analysis. Journal of Strategy and Management 13(3):393-411. |
|
Sturm RE, Vera D, Crossan M (2016). The entanglement of leader character and leader competence and its impact on performance. The Leadership Quarterly 28(3):349-366. |
|
Supriyanto AS, Ekowati VM, Maghfuroh U (2020). Do organizational citizenship behavior and work satisfaction mediate the relationship between spiritual leadership and employee performance. Management Science Letters 10(5):1107-1114. |
|
Supriyanto AS, Ekowati VM, Reza MF, Mitasari R (2021). Factor influencing employee performance: The role of leader-member exchange and job satisfaction. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt / Egyptology 18(2):215-225. |
|
Uhl-Bien M (2006). Relational leadership theory: Exploring the social processes of leadership and organizing. The Leadership Quarterly 17:654-676. |
|
Uhl-Bien M, Piccolo RF, Shermerhorn JR (2020). Organisational Behaviour (2nd edition) Wiley. |
|
Viera CA (2021). A comparison of mentoring and coaching: What's the difference? Performance Improvement 60(7):13-20. |
|
Walthall MA, Dent E (2016). The leader-follower relationship and follower performance. The Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship 2:5-30. |
|
Wang S, Sun J, Liden R (2016). Leader-member exchange. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 15:86-98. |
|
Weijden I, Belder R, Arensbergen P, Besselaar P (2015). How do young tenured professors benefit from a mentor? Effects on management, motivation, and performance. Higher Education 69:275-287. |
|
Widodo S, Wiardi AH (2019). The role of leader-member exchange and job satisfaction on the public sector employee performance. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change 5(6):598-615. |
|
Woo HR (2017). Exploratory study examining the joint impacts of mentoring and managerial coaching on organizational commitment. Sustainability 9(2):181. |
|
Xie Z, Li N, Jiang W, Kirkman B (2019). The paradox of leader-member exchange (LMX) differentiation: How treating followers differently can both enhance and impede employee performance. Journal of Personnel Psychology 18:165-176. |
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0