African Journal of
Environmental Science and Technology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0786
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJEST
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 1126

Full Length Research Paper

Occurrence, quantities and probable human health risks of indicatory polychlorinated biphenyls in processed Lates niloticus (L.) products from Lake Victoria in Tanzania

Alex Wenaty
  • Alex Wenaty
  • Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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Faith Mabiki
  • Faith Mabiki
  • Department of Chemistry and Physics, Solomon Mahlangu College of Science and Education, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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Bernard Chove
  • Bernard Chove
  • Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3006, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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Anders Dalsgaard
  • Anders Dalsgaard
  • Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 15, DK – 1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Robinson Mdegela
  • Robinson Mdegela
  • Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3021, Morogoro, Tanzania.
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  •  Received: 08 July 2019
  •  Accepted: 05 August 2019
  •  Published: 30 November 2019

Abstract

A study was conducted in Lake Victoria to assess the occurrence, levels and risks of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in four processed Lates niloticus (L.) products (salted-sundried, trims, smoked and deep-fried). Samples extractions were done using QuEChERS method while detection and quantification of congeners was done using a GC- ECD and GC- MS. Six PCBs (CB 28, CB 52, CB 118, CB 138, CB 153 and CB 180) were detected at measurable quantities in fish products. The PCBs; CB 138, CB 153 and CB 180 dominated the loading due to their structures and high degree of chlorination. However, the mean concentration of ΣPCBs in this study were below MRL of 75 µg/kg set for fish by European Commission, implying that the fish products were safe for human consumption in regard to indicator PCBs. Similarly, indicator PCBs, CB 138, CB 153 and CB 180 were more prevalent (20 to 80%) in all fish products than other congeners. For both adults and children the cancer risks were low-to-moderate (ranging from 2.0E-04 to 3.0E-04 for adults and 2.0E-04 to 1.0E-03 for children) while the non-cancer risks were insignificant as the Hazard Indices were less than one.

 

Key words: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), kayabo, trims, smoked products, deep-fried products, extracting solvent.

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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