African Journal of
Food Science

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Food Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0794
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJFS
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 978

Full Length Research Paper

Quantification of ethanol and identification of other chemical constituents in homemade morula beer using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

Mmaabo Tsenang
  • Mmaabo Tsenang
  • Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences, BIUST, Palapye, Botswana.
  • Google Scholar
Tshepo Pheko-Ofitlhile
  • Tshepo Pheko-Ofitlhile
  • Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences, BIUST, Palapye, Botswana.
  • Google Scholar
Janes Mokgadi
  • Janes Mokgadi
  • Chemical, Biological, Nuclear and Radiological Weapon Management Authority, Ministry of Defense, Justice and Security, Private Bag 0384, Gaborone, Botswana.
  • Google Scholar
Wellington Masamba
  • Wellington Masamba
  • Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences, BIUST, Palapye, Botswana.
  • Google Scholar
Gothatamang Norma Phokedi
  • Gothatamang Norma Phokedi
  • Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Chemical and Forensic Sciences, BIUST, Palapye, Botswana.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 07 February 2023
  •  Accepted: 31 May 2023
  •  Published: 31 July 2023

How to cite this article

APA /
Tsenang, M., Pheko-Ofitlhile, T., Mokgadi, J., Masamba, W., & Phokedi, G. N. (2023). Quantification of ethanol and identification of other chemical constituents in homemade morula beer using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). African Journal of Food Science, 17(7), 148-153.
Chicago /
Mmaabo Tsenang, Tshepo Pheko-Ofitlhile, Janes Mokgadi, Wellington Masamba and Gothatamang Norma Phokedi. "Quantification of ethanol and identification of other chemical constituents in homemade morula beer using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)." African Journal of Food Science 17, no. 7 (2023): 148-153.
MLA /
Mmaabo Tsenang, et al. "Quantification of ethanol and identification of other chemical constituents in homemade morula beer using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)." African Journal of Food Science 17.7 (2023): 148-153.