Abstract

Fertilizers supply essential plant nutrients, mainly nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorous (P). These fertilizers increase the yield of the crop but they cause several health hazard. Due to the several health hazard, consumer preferences shift towards the use of the organic food grown without use of any chemical. In recent years, biofertilizers have emerged as an important component for biological nitrogen fixation. They offer an economically attractive and ecologically sound route for providing nutrient to the plant. Biofertilizers are low-cost renewable source of nutrient that supplements the chemical fertilizer. Biofertilizers gained importance due to its low cost amongst small and marginal farmer. 

Key words: Biofertilizer, isolation, mass multiplication, N₂ fixers, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), organic agriculture.