African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5233

Full Length Research Paper

The assessment of contamination level of multidrug resistant bacteria and antibiotic residue in chicken manure

Romuald Christ Kipré
  • Romuald Christ Kipré
  • UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.
  • Google Scholar
Bernadette Gblossi Goualie
  • Bernadette Gblossi Goualie
  • UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.
  • Google Scholar
Monique Aiza Ainyakou-Sanga
  • Monique Aiza Ainyakou-Sanga
  • UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.
  • Google Scholar
Daniel Kouamé Kra
  • Daniel Kouamé Kra
  • UFR Natural Sciences, Nangui ABROGOUA University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Ivory Coast.
  • Google Scholar
Germain Alfred Karou
  • Germain Alfred Karou
  • UFR Biosciences, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 01 September 2023
  •  Accepted: 21 November 2023
  •  Published: 31 December 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the contamination level of chicken litter by antibiotic residues and multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. A total of 28 chicken litter samples were aseptically collected in Abidjan poultry farms in December 2021. The bacteria including Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Staphyloccocus aureus were isolated on specific culture media and were identified using biochemical tests. Antibiotics susceptibility test of the isolates was performed by the disk diffusion method. Finally, the antibiotic residues were detected in litter samples by HPLC. Among the analyzed samples, 21 were positive for the three bacteria. Moreover, S. aureus isolates were resistant to tetracycline, clindamycine, trimethoprime, and erythromycine while E. coli and Salmonella strains were resistant to minocycline, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline with resistance rate above 75% for all strains. The MDR including 3 to 6 antibiotic classes were found in 90 and 23.07% of S. aureus and E. coli strains, respectively. Moreover, chicken litter samples were contaminated by antibiotic residues mainly ciprofloxacine, erythromycine, spiramycine and oxytétracycline with amounts between 0.05 ± 0.002 and 8.41 ± 2.03 mg/kg. These results showed the need to treat chicken litter before being used as fertilizer to reduce their negative impact on environment and health. 

 

Key words: Chicken litter, multidrug resistant bacteria, antibiotic residues, soil, crops pollution.