African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5233

Review

Alternaria epidemic of apple in Kashmir

K. A. Bhat*
  • K. A. Bhat*
  • K.V.K, Budgam, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India
  • Google Scholar
S. H. Peerzada
  • S. H. Peerzada
  • K.V.K, Budgam, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, India
  • Google Scholar
Ali Anwar
  • Ali Anwar
  • Division of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir,Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 191 121, India
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 08 January 2014
  •  Accepted: 13 March 2015
  •  Published: 25 March 2015

References

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Annonymous (2013a). Alternaria disease takes bite of north Kashmir apple. Daily Kashmir Reader, August 20, 2013.

 
 

Annonymous (2013b). Apple orchards in Bandipore facing Alternaria disease. Daily Kashmir Reader 20 August 2013.

 
 

Annonymous (2013c). Sporious Pesticides, bad weather spoil 60% of apple production. The Daily Kashmir Times. September 22, 2013.

 
 

Asari M, Takahashi S (1988). Occurrence of iprodione-resistant strains of Alternaria mali Roberts on apple. Bulletin of the Akita Fruit Tree Experiment Station, Japan 19:13-24.

 
 

Bedi PS (1986) Plant Disease Forcast. In: Vistas in Plant Pathology, A. Verma and J. P. Verma, (Eds) Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi, pp. 249-261.

 
 

FAO (2012) FAOSTAT, FAO Statistics division 13 January 2012. (http://www.faostat.fao.org).

 
 

Filajdac N, Sutton TB (1991a). Identification and distribution of Alternaria mali on apples in north Carolina and susceptibility of different varieties of apples to Alternaria blotch. Plant Dis. 75:1045-1048
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Filajdac N, Sutton TB (1992). Chemical control of Alternaria blotch of apples caused by Alternaria mali. Plant Dis. 76:126-130
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Filajdic N, Sutton TB (1992b). Influence of temperature and wetness duration on infection of apple leaves and virulence of different isolates of Alternaria mali. Phytopathology 82: 1279-1283.
Crossref

 
 

Kim, CH, Cho WD, Kim SC (1986). An empirical model for forecasting alternaria leaf spot in apple. Korean J. Plant Prot. 25: 221-228.

 
 

Lee DH, Lee GE (1972). Studies on causual agents, overwintering of organisms and contro of Alternaria leaf spot of apple. J. Korean Soc. Hortic. Sci. 11:41-47

 
 

Logrieco A, Bottalico A, Mule A, Moretti G, Perrone G (2003). Epidemiology of toxigenic fungi and their associated mycotoxins for some Mediterranean crops. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109:645-667.
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Moshe Reuveni and Dimitri Sheglov (2002). Effects of azoxystrobin, difenoconazole, polyoxin B (polar) and trifloxystrobin on germination and growth of Alternaria alternata and decay in red delicious apple fruit. Crops protect. 21(10): 951–955
Crossref

 
 

Osanai M, Suzuki N, Fukushima C, Tanaka Y (1987). Reduced sensitivity to captan of Alternaria mali Roberts. Annual Report of the Society of Plant Protection of North Japan 38:72-73.

 
 

Otani H, Kohmoto K, Kodama M (1995). Alternaria toxins and their effects on host plant. Can. J. Bot. 73(Suppl.1):S453-S458.
Crossref

 
 

Roberts JW (1924). Morphological cheracters of Alternaria mali. J. Agric. Res. 27:699-712.

 
 

Saito KI, Niizeki M (1988). Fundamental studies on breeding of the apple. XI. Genetic analysis of resistance to alternaria blotch (Alternaria mali Roberts) in the interspecific crosses. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hirosaki University 50:27-34.

 
 

Sawamura K (1972). Studies in Alternaria Blotch caused by Alternaria mali Roberts. Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture Hirosaki University. 18:152-235

 
 

Sawamura K (1990). Alternaria Blotch. In:compendium of apple and pear diseases (ed by Jones, A. L Aldwinckle, H. S) . America Phytopathological Society, St Paul. USA. pp. 24-25.

 
 

Shahzad A (2007). Impact of Alternaria mali in association with European red mite (Panonychur ulmi) on Alternaria leaf blotch and premature leaf fall in Apple . Ind J. Plant Prot. 35(2): 283-286.

 
 

Shahzad A (2003). Studies on Alternaria leaf blotch of apple in Kashmir. Ph. D. (Agric.) Thesis submitted to Post Graduate Faculty, SKUASTK, Shalimar, Kashmir. p.112.

 
 

Shahzad A, Bhat GN, Mir NA (2002). Alternaria mali-A new pathogen of apple in Kashmir. SKUAST J. Res. 4:96-98.

 
 

Shin YU, Kang SJ, Kim MS (1986). Studies on resistance to alternaria leaf spot in apple cultivars. Research Reports, Horticulture, Rural Development Administration, Korea Republic 28:39-45.

 
 

Sofi TA, Muzafer AB, Gh. Hassan Dar, Ahangar FA, Aflaq Hamid (2013a). Virulence variation in Alternaria mali (Roberts) and evaluation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) activators for the management of Alternaria leaf blotch of apple. Emir. J. Food Agric. 25(3):196-204.

 
 

Sofi TA Muzafer AB, Gh. Hassan Dar, Mushtaq A, Aflaq Hamid, Ahangar FA, Padder BA, Shah MD (2013b). Cultural, morphological, pathogenic and molecular characterization of Alternaria mali associated with Alternaria leaf blotch of apple. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 12(4):370-381.

 
 

Yoder KS, Biggs AR (1998). Alternaria Blotch. Extention Note. Extention service. West Virgiana University Dated 11/051998.

 
 

Yoon JT, Lee JT (1987). Effect of calcium on the apple varieties' resistance to alternaria leaf spot and mycelial growth of Alternaria mali Roberts. Kor. J. Plant Prot. 26:239-244.