African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5233

Full Length Research Paper

Non-invasive detection of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes ureA, vacA, cagA and babA2 among asymptomatic Egyptian infants

Enas Mamdouh Hefzy*
  • Enas Mamdouh Hefzy*
  • Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Alkassem Ahmed Algameel
  • Alkassem Ahmed Algameel
  • Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Wael Sayed Mohamed
  • Wael Sayed Mohamed
  • Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Ashraf Sayed Kamel
  • Ashraf Sayed Kamel
  • Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 21 April 2014
  •  Accepted: 04 August 2014
  •  Published: 27 August 2014

References

Agudo S, Alarcon T, Urruzuno P, Martinez MJ, Lopez-Brea M (2010). Detection of Helicobacter pylori and clarithromycin resistance in gastric biopsies of pediatric patients by using a commercially available real-time polymerase chain reaction after NucliSens semiautomated DNA extraction. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 67:213-219.
Crossref

 

Atherton JC, Cao P, Peek RM, Tummuru MK, Blaser MJ, Cover TL (1995). Mosaicism in vacuolating cytotoxin alleles of Helicobacter pylori. Association of specific vacA types with cytotoxin production and peptic ulceration. J. Biol. Chem. 270:17771-17777.
Crossref

 
 

Bassily S, Frenck RW, Mohareb EW, Wierzba T, Savarino S, Hall E, Kotkat A, Naficy A, Hyams KC, Clemens J (1999). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Egyptian newborns and their mothers: a preliminary report. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 61(1):37-40.
Pubmed

 
 

Blom J, Gernow A, Holck S, Wewer V, Nørgaard A, Graff LB, Krasilnikoff PA, Andersen LP, Larsen SO (2000). Different patterns of Helicobacter pylori adherence to gastric mucosa cells in children and adults. An ultrastructural study. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 35:1033-1040
Crossref

 
 

Boyanova L, Yordanov D, Gergova G, Markovska R, Mitov I (2011). Benefits of Helicobacter pylori cagE genotyping in addition to cagA genotyping: a Bulgarian study. Antonie Van Leeu-wenhoek 100:529-535.
Crossref

 
 

Broussard CS, Goodman KJ, Phillips CV, Smith MA, Fischbach LA, Day RS, Aragaki CC (2009). Antibiotics taken for other illnesses and spontaneous clearance of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 18(8):722-729.
Crossref

 
 

Brown LM, Thomas TL, Ma JL, Chang YS, You WC, Liu WD, Zhang L, Pee D, Gail MH (2002). Helicobacter pylori infection in rural China: demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors. Int. J. Epidemiol. 31 638–645.
Crossref

 
 

Censini S, Lange C, Xiang Z, Crabtree JE, Ghiara P, et al. (1996). cag, a pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori, encodes type I-specific and disease-associated virulence factors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:14648–14653.
Crossref

 
 

Ceylan A, Kirimi E, Tuncer O, TürkdoÄŸan K, Ariyuca S, Ceylan N (2007). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children and their family members in a district in Turkey. J. Health Popul. Nutr. 25(4):422-7.
Pubmed

 
 

Clayton CL, Kleanthous H, Coates PJ, Morgan DD, Tabaqchali S (1992). Sensitive detection of Helicobacter pylori by using polymerase chain reaction. J. Clin. Microbiol. 30:192-200.
Pubmed

 
 

de Martel C, Parsonnet J (2006). Helicobacter pylori infection and gender: a meta-analysis of population-based prevalence surveys. Dig. Dis. Sci. 51(12):2292-2301.
Crossref

 
 

Dore MP, Malaty HM, Graham DY, Fanciulli G, Delitala G, Realdi G (2002). Risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection among children in a defined geographic area. Clin. Infect. Dis. 35: 240-245.
Crossref

 
 

Drumm B, Perez-Perez GI, Blaser MJ, Sherman PM (1990). Intrafamilial clustering of H. pylori infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:359-363.
Crossref

 
 

Dube C, Nkosi TC, Clarke AM, Mkwetshana N, Green E, Ndip RN (2009). Helicobacter pylori antigenemia in an asymptomatic population of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: public health implications. Rev. Environ. Health 24(3):249-255
Crossref

 
 

Emiliano JPM, André MCDPB (2012). Markers of Potability, Basic Sanitation and Costs of Treatment and Microbiological Monitoring of Water for Human Consumption in Brazil. Water Qual. Expo. Health 4(4):217-228.

 
 

Espinoza MG, Vazquez RG, Mendez IM, Vargas CR, Cerezo SG (2011). Detection of the glmM gene in Helicobacter pylori isolates with a novel primer by PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 49(4):1650-1652.
Crossref

 
 

Frenck Jr RW, Clemens J (2003). Helicobacter in the developing world. Microbes Infect. 5:705-713
Crossref

 
 

Garcia GT, Aranda KR, Gonçalves ME, Cardoso SR, Iriya K, Silva NP, Scaletsky IC (2010). High prevalence of clarithromycin resistance and cagA, vacA, iceA2, and babA2 genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Brazilian children. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:4266-4268.
Crossref

 
 

Goodman KJ, O'Rourke K, Day RS et al. (2005). Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori infection in a US-Mexico cohort during the first two years of life. Int. J. Epidemiol. 34:1348-55
Crossref

 
 

Granstrom M, Tindberg Y, Blennow M (1997). Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of children monitored from 6 months to 11 years of age. J. Clin. Microbiol. 35(2): 468-470.
Pubmed

 
 

Hestvik E, Tylleskar T, Kaddu-Mulindwa DH, Ndeezi G, Grahnquist L, Olafsdottir E, Tumwine JK (2010). Helicobacter pylori in apparently healthy children aged 0-12 years in urban Kampala, Uganda: a community-based cross sectional survey. BMC Gastroenterol. 16(10):62.
Crossref

 
 

Hoang TT, Bengtsson C, Phung DC, Sorberg M, Granstrom M (2005). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in urban and rural Vietnam. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 12: 81-5.
Pubmed

 
 

Homan M, Luzar B, Kocjan BJ, Orel R, Mocilnik T, Shrestha M, Kveder M, Poljak M (2009). Prevalence and clinical relevance of cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from Slovenian children. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 49: 289-296.
Crossref

 
 

Hussein NR (2010). Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer in the Middle East: a new enigma? World J. Gastroenterol. 16(26):3226-34.
Crossref

 
 

Ilver D, Arnqvist A, Ogren J, Frick IM, Kersulyte D, Incecik ET, Berg DE, Covacci A, Engstrand L, Boren T (1998). Helicobacter pylori adhesin binding fucosylated histo-blood group antigens revealed by retagging, Science 279:373-377.
Crossref

 
 

Karhukorpi J, Yan Y, Kolho KL, Rautelin H, Lahti M, Sir-viö A, Riipinen K, Lindahl H, Verkasalo M, Fagerholm R, Karttunen R (2000). cagA, vacA and iceA virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori isolates of children in Finland. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 19: 790-793.
Crossref

 
 

Kawasaki M, Kawasaki T, Ogaki T, Itoh K, Kobayashi S, Yoshimizu Yet al. (1998). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Nepal: low prevalence in an isolated rural village. Eur. J. Gastroenterol.10: 47-9.
Crossref

 
 

Khalifa MM, Sharaf RR, Aziz RK. (2010). Helicobacter pylori: a poor man's gut pathogen? Gut Pathog. 2(1):2.
Crossref

 
 

Kitagawa M, Natori M, Katoh M, Sugimoto K, Omi H, Akiyama Y, Sago H (2001). Maternal transmission of Helicobacter pylori in the perinatal period. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 27:225-230.
Crossref

 
 

Klein PD, Gilman RH, Leon-Barua R, Diaz F, Smith EO, Graham DY (1994).The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori in Peruvian children between 6 and 30 months of age. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89(12): 2196-200.
Pubmed

 
 

Ko JS, Kim KM, Oh YL, Seo JK (2008). cagA, vacA, and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in Korean children. Pediatr. Int. 50: 628-631
Crossref

 
 

Langat AC, Ogutu E, Kamenwa R, Simiyu DE (2006). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children less than three years of age in health facilities in Nairobi Province. East Afr. Med J. 83(9):471-477.
Pubmed

 
 

Lindkvist P, Enquselassie F, Asrat D, Muhe L, Nilsson I, Giesecke J (1998). Risk factors for infection with Helicobacter pylori-a study of children in rural Ethiopia. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 30:371-376.
Crossref

 
 

Lu YZ, Redlinger TE, Avitia R, Galindo A, Goodman K (2002). Isolation and genotyping of Helicobacter pylori from untreated municipal waste water. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:1436-1439.
Crossref

 
 

Maciorkowska E, Roszko I, Kowalczuk O, Kaczmarski M, Chyczewski L, Kemona A (2007). The evaluation of vacA gene alleles frequency in Helicobacter pylori strains in children and adults in Podlaskie region. Folia Histochem. Cytobiol. 45:215-219.
Pubmed

 
 

Malaty HM, El-Kasabany A, Graham DY, Miller CC, Reddy SG, Srinivasan SR, Yamaoka Y, Berenson GS (2002). Age at acquisition of Helicobacter pylori infection: a follow-up study from infancy to adulthood. Lancet 359(9310): 931-935.
Crossref

 
 

Malaty HM, Logan ND, Graham DY, Ramchatesingh JE (2001). Helicobacter pylori infection in preschool and school-aged minority children: effect of socioeconomic indicators and breast-feeding practices. Clin. Infect. Dis. 32:1387-1392.
Crossref

 
 

Malaty HM, Paykov V, Bykova O, Ross A, Graham DP, Anneger JF, Graham DY (1996). Helicobacter pylori and socioeconomic factors in Russia. Helicobacter 1:82-87.
Crossref

 
 

Mizushima T, Sugiyama T, Komatsu Y, Ishizuka J, Kato M, Asaka M (2001). Clinical relevance of the babA2 genotype of Helicobacter pylori in Japanese clinical isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:2463-2465.
Crossref

 
 

Mohammad MA, Hussein L, Coward A, Jackson SJ (2007). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among Egyptian children: impact of social background and effect on growth. Public Health Nutr. 11(3): 230-236
Pubmed

 
 

Monteiro L, de Mascarel A, Sarrasqueta AM, Bergey B, Barberis C, Talby P, Roux D, Shouler L, Goldfain D, Lamouliatte H, Mégraud F. (2001). Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: noninvasive methods compared to invasive methods and evaluation of two new tests. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 96(2):353-358.
Crossref

 
 

Naficy AB, Frenck RW, Abu-Elyazeed, Kim Y, Rao MR, Savarino SJ, Wierzba TF, Hall E, Clemens JD (2000). Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in a population of Egyptian children. Int. J. Epidemiol. 29: 928-932.
Crossref

 
 

Ndip RN, Malange AE, Akoachere JF, MacKay WG, Titanji VP, Weaver LT (2004). Helicobacter pylori antigens in the faeces of asymptomatic children in the Buea and Limbe health districts of Cameroon: a pilot study. Trop. Med. Int. Health 9(9):1036-1040.
Crossref

 
 

Oleastro M, Gerhard M, Lopes AI, Ramalho P, Cabral J, Sousa Guerreiro A, Monteiro L (2003). Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes in Portuguese children and adults with gastroduodenal pathology. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 22:85-91
Pubmed

 
 

Ozbey G, Dogan Y, Demiroren K (2013). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes among children in Eastern Turkey. World J. Gastroenterol. 19(39):6585-9.
Crossref

 
 

Podzorski RP, Podzorski DS, Wuerth A, Tolia V (2003). Analysis of the vacA, cagA, cagE, iceA, and babA2 genes in Helicobacter pylori from sixty-one pediatric patients from the Mid-western United States. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 46: 83-88.
Crossref

 
 

Queiroz DM, Mendes EN, Carvalho AS, Rocha GA, Olivei-ra AM, Soares TF, Santos A, Cabral MM, Nogueira AM (2000). Factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection by a cagA-positive strain in children. J. Infect. Dis. 181:626-630
Crossref

 
 

Rahman MM, Mahalanabis D, Sarker SA, Bardhan PK, Alvarez JO, Hildebrand P, Beglinger C, Gyr K (1998). Helicobacter pylori colonization in infants and young children is not necessarily associated with diarrhea. J. Trop. Pediatr. 44:283-287.
Crossref

 
 

Rothenbacher D, Bode G, Berg G, Knayer U, Gonser T, Adler G et al. (1999). Helicobacter pylori among preschool children and their parents: evidence of parent-child transmission. J. Infect. Dis. 179: 398-402
Crossref

 
 

Rothenbacher D, Bode G, Brenner H (2002). Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori infection in early childhood in a high-risk group living in Germany: loss of infection higher than acquisition. Aliment Pharmacol. Ther. 16(9):1663-1668
Crossref

 
 

Said Essa A, Alaa Eldeen Nouh M, Mohammed Ghaniam N, Graham DY, Said Sabry H (2008). Prevalence of cagA in relation to clinical presentation of Helicobacter pylori infection in Egypt. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 40(9):730-3.
Crossref

 
 

SelimoÄŸlu MA, Ertekin V, Inandi T (2002). Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in children living in eastern Turkey. Pediatr. Int. 44:666-9
Crossref

 
 

Sicinschi LA, Correa P, Bravo LE, Peek RM Jr, Wilson KT, Loh JT, Yepez MC, Gold BD, Thompson DT, Cover TL, Schneider BG (2012). Non-invasive genotyping of Helicobacter pylori cagA, vacA, and hopQ from asymptomatic children. Helicobacter 17(2):96-106.
Crossref

 
 

Smith SI, Oyedeji KS, Arigbabu AO, Cantet F, Megraud F, Ojo OO, Uwaifo AO, Otegbayo JA, Ola SO, Coker AO (2004). Comparison of three PCR methods for detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA and detection of cagA gene in gastric biopsy specimens. World J. Gastroenterol. 10(13):1958-1960.
Pubmed

 
 

Staat MA, Kruszon-Moran D, McQuillan GM, Kaslow RA (1996). A population-based serologic survey of H. pylori infection in children and adolescents in the United States. J. Infect. Dis. 174: 1120-1123.
Crossref

 
 

Sugimoto M, Wu JY, S. Abudayyeh S et al. (2009). "Unreliability of results of PCR detection of Helicobacter pylori in clinical or environmental samples. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47(3):738-742.
Crossref

 
 

Thomas JE, Dale A, Harding M, Coward WA, Cole TJ, Sullivan PB, Campbell DI, Warren BF, Weaver LT (1999). Interpreting the 13C-urea breath test among a large population of young children from a developing country. Pediatr. Res. 46(2):147-151.
Crossref

 
 

Torres J, Perez-Perez G, Goodman KJ, Atherton JC, Gold BD, Harris PR, la Garza AM, Guarner J, Munoz O (2000). A comprehensive review of the natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Arch. Med. Res. 31:431-469
Crossref

 
 

Torres LE, Melian K, Moreno A, Alonso J, Sabatier CA, Hernandez M, Bermúdez L, Rodríguez BL (2009). Prevalence of vacA, cagA and babA2 genes in Cuban Helicobacter pylori isolates. World J. Gastroenterol. 15:204-210.
Crossref

 
 

Us D, Hasçelik G (1998). Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in an asymptomatic Turkish population. J. Infect. 37:148-50.
Crossref

 
 

Wen S, Moss SF (2009). Helicobacter pylori virulence factors in gastric carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett. 282:1-8
Crossref

 
 

Wizla-Derambure N, Michaud L, AtegboS, Vincent P, Ganga-Zandzou S, Turck D, Gottrand F (2001). Familial and community environmental risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 33(1):58-63.
Crossref

 
 

Zambon CF, Navaglia F, Basso D, Rugge M, Plebani M (2003). Helicobacter pylori babA2, cagA, and s1 vacA genes work synergistically in causing intestinal metaplasia. J. Clin. Pathol. 56: 287-291
Crossref

 
 

Zhou Y, Huang Y, Shao CH, Wang XH, Zhang BF (2010). cagA, vacA and iceA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori isolated from children in Shanghai. Zhongguo Dangdai Erke Zazhi 12:267-271.
Pubmed