Full Length Research Paper
References
Alviano WS, Mendonca-Filho RR, Alviano DS, Bizzo HR, Souto-Padron T, Rodrigues ML, Bolognese AM, Alviano CS, Souza MMG (2005).Antimicrobial activity of Croton cajucara Benth linalool-rich essential oil on artificial biofilms and planktonic microorganisms. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 20:101-105. |
|
Bassolé IHN, Lamien-Meda A, Bay-ala B, Tirogo S, Franz C, Novak J, Nebié RC, and Dicko MH (2010). Composition and antimi-crobial activities of Lippiamulti-flora Moldenke, Mentha x piperita L. and Ocimum basilicum L. essential oils and their major monoterpene alcohols alone and in combination. Molecules 15:7825-7839. |
|
Ben Arfa A, Combes S, Preziosi-Belloy L, Gontard N, Chalier P (2006). Antimicrobial activity of carvacrol related to its chemical structure. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 43:149-154 |
|
Bennis S, Chami F, Chami N, Bouchikhi T, Remmal A (2004a). Surface alteration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced by thymol and eugenol. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 38:454-458. |
|
Bennis S, Chami F, Chami N, Rhayour K, Tantaoui-Elaraki A, Remmal A (2004b). Eugenol induces damage of bacterial and fungal envelope. Moroccan J. Biol. 1 |
|
Benyahya M, Senaud J, Bohatier J (1992). Etude en microscopie électronique. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris 13:103-119. |
|
Bozin B, Mimica-Dukic N, Simin N, Anackov G (2006). Characterization of the volatile composition of essential oils of some Lamiaceae spices and the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the entire oils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 54:1822-1828. |
|
Braga PC, Sasso MD, Culici M, Alfieri M (2007). Eugenol and thymol, alone or in combination, induce morphological alterations in the envelope of Candida albicans. Fitoterapia 78: 396-400. |
|
Burt S (2004). Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods – a review. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 94:223-253. |
|
Caballero B, Trugo LC, Finglas PM (2003). Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2nd ed.; Elsevier Academic Press: Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
|
Canton R, Morosini MI (2011). Emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance following exposure to antibiotics. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 35(5):977-91. |
|
Catlin BW (1975). Iodometric detection of Haemophilus beta lactamase; rapid presumptive test for ampicillin resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 7:265-270. |
|
Chaieb K, Zmantar T, Ksouri R, Hajlaoui H, Mahdouani K, Abdelly C., Bakhrouf A (2007). Antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Eugenia caryophyllata and its antifungal activity against a large number of clinical Candida species. Mycoses 50:403-406. |
|
Chami F, Chami N, Bennis S, Trouillas J, Remmal A (2004a). Evaluation of carvacrol and eugenol as prophylaxis and treatment of vaginal candidiasis in an immunosuppressed rat model. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 54:909-914. |
|
Chami N, Chami F, Bennis S, Trouillas J, Remmal A (2004b). Antifungal treatment with carvacrol and eugenol of oral candidiasis in immunosuppressed rats. Braz J. Infect. Dis. 8:217-226. |
|
CLSI (2012). Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically, Approved Standard, 9th ed., CLSI document M07-A9. |
|
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI (2002). 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, USA, CLSI, Reference Method for Broth Dilution Antifungal Suscept- ibility Testing of Yeasts, Approved Standard, 2nd ed., NCCLS document M27- A2. CLSI, 940 West Valley Road, Suite 1400, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087- 1898, USA, |
|
Derakhshan S, Sattari M, Bigdeli M (2008). Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seed essential oil and alcoholic extract on the morphology, capsule expression and urease activity of Klebsiella pneumoniae. International Journal of Antimicrob. Agents 32:432-436. |
|
Devi KP, Nisha SA, Sakthivel R, Pandain SK (2010). Eugenol (an essential oil of clove) acts as antibacterial agent against Salmonella typhi by disrupting the cellular membrane. Journal of Ethnopharmacol.130:107-115. |
|
Dhara L, Tripathi A (2013). Antimicrobial activity of eugenol and cinnamaldehyde against extended spectrum beta lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae by in vitro and molecular docking analysis. Europ. J. Integr. Med. 5(6):527-536 |
|
Di Pasqua R, Betts G, Hoskins N, Edwards M, Ercolini D, Mauriello G (2007). Membrane toxicity of antimicrobial compounds from essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55:4863-4870. |
|
Echeverrigaray S, Michelim L, Delamare AL, Andrade C P, da Costa SOP, Zacaria J (2008). The Effect of monoterpenes on swarming differentiation and haemolysin activity in Proteus mirabilis. Molecules 13:3107-3116 |
|
Ellepola AN, Samaranayake LP (1998). The effect of limited exposure to antifungal agents on the germ tube formation of oral Candida albicans. J. Oral Pathol. Med. 27:213-219. |
|
Gabel CV, Berg HC (2003). The speed of the flagellar rotary motor of Escherichia coli varies linearly with proton motive force. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA; 100:8748-8751. |
|
Gill AO, Holley RA (2004). Mechanisms of bactericidal action of cinnamaldehyde against Listeria monocytogenes and of eugenol against L. monocytogenes and Lactobacillus sakei. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:5750-5755. |
|
Gill AO, Holley RA (2006a). Disruption of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Lactobacillus sakei cellular membranes by plant oil aromatics. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 108:1-9. |
|
Gill AO, Holley RA (2006b). Inhibition of membrane bound ATPases of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes by plant oil aromatics. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 111:170-174. |
|
Hsu C, Lai W, Chuang K, Lee M, Tsai Y (2013). The inhibitory activity of linalool against the filamentous growth and biofilm formation in Candida albicans. Med. Mycol. 51:473-482 |
|
Hussain AI, Anwar F, Sherazi STH, Przybylskmi R. (2008). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. Food Chemistry 108(3):986-995. |
|
Jung HG, Fahey GC (1983). Nutritional implications of phenolic monomers and lignin: A review. J. Anim. Sci. 57:206-219. |
|
Kamatou GP, Vermaak I, Viljoen AM (2012). Eugenol—From the Remote Maluku Islands to the International Market Place: A Review of a Remarkable and Versatile Molecule. Molecules 17:6953-6981. |
|
Koneman EW (2006). Test for determining inhibitory. In: Koneman's color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology. 5th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, editors. Philadelphia. p.1001. |
|
Laekeman GM, van Hoof L, Haemers A, Berghe DAV, Herman AG, Vlietinck AJ (1990). Eugenol a valuable compound for in vitro experimental research and worthwhile for further in vivo investigation. Phytother. Res. 4:90-96. |
|
Leclercq R. (2002). Mechanisms of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides: nature of the resistance elements and their clinical implications. Clin. Infect. Dis. 34(4):482-492. |
|
Leite AM, Lima EDO, de Souza EL, Diniz MDFFM, Trajano VN, de Medeiros IA (2007). Inhibitory effect of β-pinene, α-pinene and eugenol on the growth of potential infectious endocarditis causing Gram-positive bacteria. Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. 43:121-126. |
|
Levison ME (2004). Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial drugs. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. 18(3):451-465. |
|
López P, Sa’nchez C, Batlle R, Nerı’n C (2005). Solid- and vapour-phase antimicrobial activities of six essential oils: susceptibility of selected foodborne bacterial and fungal strains. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53:6939-6946. |
|
Mansouri S, Amari A, Asad AG (2005): Inhibitory effect of some medicinal plants from Iran on swarming motility of Proteus rods. J. Med. Sci. 5:216-221. |
|
Maroncle N, Rich C, Forestier C (2006). The role of Klebsiella pneumoniae urease in intestinal colonization and resistance to gastrointestinal stress. Rev. Microbiol. 157:184-193. |
|
Mo H, Elson CC (2004). Studies on the isoprenoid-mediated inhibition of mevalonate synthesis applied to cancer chemotherapy and chemoprevention. Exp. Biol. Med. 229:567-585. |
|
Moleyar V, Narasimham P (1992). Antibacterial activity of essential oil components. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 16:337-342. |
|
Moon SE, Kim HY, Cha JD (2011). Synergistic effect between clove oil and its major compounds and antibiotics against oral bacteria. Arch. Oral Biol. 56:907-916. |
|
Naigre R, Kalck P, Roques C, Rocux I, Michel G (1996). Comparison of antimicrobial properties of monoterpenes and their carbonylated products. Planta Med. 62:275-277. |
|
Nazzaro F, Fratianni F, De Martino L, Coppola R, De Feo V (2013). Effect of Essential Oils on Pathogenic Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals 6:1451-1474. |
|
Neu HC (1992). The crisis in antibiotic resistance. Science 257(5073):1064-1073. |
|
Oussalah M, Caillet S, Saucier L, Lacroix M (2007). Inhibitory effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth of four pathogenic bacteria: E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control 18(5):414-420. |
|
Oyedemi SO, Okoh AI, Mabinya LV, Pirochenva G, Afolayan AJ (2009). The proposed mechanism of bactericidal action of eugenol, α-terpineol and γ -terpinene against Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 8:1280–1286. |
|
Pei RS, Zhou F, Ji BP, Xu J (2009). Evaluation of combined antibacterial effects of eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, thymol, and carvacrol against E. coli with an improved method. J. Food Sci. 74:M379-383. |
|
Pinto E, Ribeiro IC, Ferreira NJ, Fortes CE, Fonseca PA, Figueiral MH (2008). Correlation between enzyme production, germ tube formation and susceptibility to fluconazole in Candida species isolated from patients with denture-related stomatitis and control individuals. J Oral Pathol Med 37:587-592. |
|
Pinto E, Vale-Silva L, Cavaleiro C, Salgueiro L (2009). Antifungal activity of the clove essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum on Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophyte species Journal of Medical Microbiology 58:1454-1462. |
|
Rico-Molina D, Aparicio-Ozores G, Dorantes-Alvarez L, Hernández-Sanchez H (2012). Antimicrobial activity of cinnamate-eugenol: Synergistic potential, evidence of efflux pumps and amino acid effects. Am. J. Food Technol. 7:289-300. |
|
Russell AD (1995). Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to biocides. Int. Biodeter. Biodegr. 36(3):247-265. |
|
Sanders CC, Sanders WE. (1992). beta-Lactam resistance in gram-negative bacteria: global trends and clinical impact. Clin. Infect. Dis. 15:824-839. |
|
Souza CM, Pereira Junior SA, Moraes T da S, Damasceno JL, Amorim Mendes S, Dias HJ, Stefani R, Tavares DC, Martins CH, Crotti AE, Mendes-Giannini MJ, Pires RH (2016). Antifungal activity of plant-derived essential oils on Candida tropicalis planktonic and biofilms cells. Med. Mycol. 54(5):515-23 |
|
Tenover FC (2006). Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. Am. J. Infect. Control 34: S3-S10 and S64-S73. |
|
Trombetta D, Castelli F, Sarpietro MG, Venuti V, Cristani M, Daniele C, et al., (2005). Mechanisms of antibacterial activity of three monoterpenes. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49:2474-2478. |
|
Tsukiyama R, Katsura H, Tokuriki N, Kobayashi M (2002). Antibacterial activity of licochalcone A against spore-forming bacteria. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46:1226-1230. |
|
van Zyl RL, Seatlholo ST, van Vuuren SF, Viljoen AM (2006). The biological activities of 20 nature identical essential oil constituents. J. Essent. Oil Res. 18:129-133. |
|
WHO-World Health Organization (2012). Antimicrobial resistance WHO media centre [updated March 2012; cited 2012 May 5]. |
|
Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D (2013). Effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin, amikacin and colistin on biofilm formation and virulence factors of Escherichia coli planktonic and biofilm forms isolated from human urine. Braz. J. Microbiol. 44(1):259-265. |
|
Zore GB, Thakre AD, Jadhav S, Karuppayil SM (2011). Terpenoids inhibit Candida albicans growth by affecting membrane integrity and arrest cell cycle. Phytomedicine 18:1181-1190. |
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0