June 2011
Variability in antimicrobial activity of latex from two varieties of Ficus carica
Fig latex has been a typical component in the health-promoting Mediterranean diet for millennia. To study its potential constituents, two varieties differing in color of fruit [Bidhi Bither: (BB); Kahli Bither: (KB)] and their growth area were analyzed for their organic extracts against sixteen microbes. The capacity of extracts was evaluated based on the inhibition zone, using the disc-diffusion assay,...
June 2011
Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticle on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
The aim of the present study is to determine the antimicrobial activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were used as test microorganisms. The effects of particle size and concentration on the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was studied using bacteriological tests...
June 2011
In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility study in clinical isolates of Streptococci and Enterococci
Streptococci and Enterococci are becoming increasingly responsible for nosocomial infections such as pneumonia, arthritis endocarditis, bacteraemia, urinary tract infection, and neonatal sepsis. The aim of the present work was to study antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Enterococci and Streptococci isolated from different clinical specimen. Antibiotic susceptibility was...
June 2011
In vivo evaluation on Malaysian coastal isolates of Gracilaria changii and Stichopus badionotus through heat-burn methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection animal model
Staphylococcus aureus commonly causes bacterial infections such as boils, carbuncles, infections wounds, deep abscesses and bloodstream infections (or bacteraemia). Nowadays, it becomes more difficult to treat such infections due to the appearance of resistant strain known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). The objective of this study was to screen on methanolic extracts of...
June 2011
Screening of higher yield of ethyl acetate yeast and researching on ester-producing conditions
A higher yield of ethyl acetate yeast Y1 was selected from Daqu and Xiaoqu, and the production volume of ethyl acetate was 2.152 g/l when cultured in corn saccharification mash. The strain is identified as Hansenula anomala. Then, through the single factor test to study the effects of diffident culture mediums and diffident culture methods on ester-producing, the results showed that the...
June 2011
Investigation of the susceptibility of Candida species isolated from denture wearers to different antifungal antibiotics
The aim of this study was to determine the the prevalence of in vitro resistance amongstCandida species isolated from the oral cavity of denture wearers. The in vitrosusceptibility of 156 Candida isolates to amphotericin B, fluconazole, 5- fluorocytosine, caspofungin and terbinafine was determined. The Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute’ (CLSI; formally National...
June 2011
Quantitative analysis of the 2009 pandemic A (H1N1) influenza virus genome at different time course of infection in virion and in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells
The 2009 pandemic A (H1N1) influenza virus was first identified in Mexico in April 2009 and spread world wide over a short period of time. Well validated diagnostic methods that are rapid and sensitive for detection and tracking of this virus are urgently needed. In this study, time course kinetic characterizations of the abundances of all ten genes of the 2009 pandemic A (H1N1) influenza virus in standard...
June 2011
A study on the vegetation recovery and crop pattern adjustment on the Loess Plateau of China
Low vegetation coverage and irrational land use are regarded as two main factors influencing soil loss. In order to improve vegetation recovery and to adjust land use pattern on the Loess Plateau, the data of precipitation, net primary productivity of vegetation, and eco-water requirement of main crops of key counties on the Loess Plateau are used in this paper. The concepts of utilization/adaptation...
June 2011
A new cost-effective staining method for rapid identification of Cryptococcus
Cryptococcosis is a life-threatening fungal disease that is usually present as an opportunist infection in immunocompromised hosts, and Cryptococcus neoformans is the major opportunistic pathogen of cryptococcosis. Rapid diagnosis of C. neoformans and other opportunistic Cryptococcus pathogens is required to meet the clinical need for immediate treatment. Historically,...
June 2011
Screening and characterization of new potentially probiotic lactobacilli from breast-fed healthy babies in Pakistan
Probiotic bacteria are used for the protection and improvement of human intestinal microflora with added health effects. In search of new probiotics, 61 lactobacilli isolates were screened for survival in acidic conditions and simulated gastrointestinal juices, tolerance to ox-gall and antimicrobial activity. Selected strains (NWS09, NWS11, NWS14, NWS19 and NWS29) were identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA...
June 2011
Effect of some culture substrates (date-palm peat, cocopeat and perlite) on some growing indices and nutrient elements uptake in greenhouse tomato
In recent years, a wide range of soilless culture techniques have been developed and commercially introduced for intensive production of horticultural crops, particularly in greenhouses. Reasons for replacing soils as growing media arise from plant protection problems with soil-borne pathogens and environmental regulations against groundwater pollution with nitrate and pesticides. The aim of this study was to...
June 2011
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Bursa Province of Turkey and assessment of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and three microscopic methods in the diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in relation to personal and environmental risk factors in Bursa province of Turkey and to compare wet mount + Lugol's iodine, formalin ethyl acetate concentration, trichrome staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) methods used inEntamoeba histolytica/ Entamoeba dispar diagnosis. For this purpose a total...
June 2011
Biodegradation of 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidone by three soil bacteria strains, their isolation and identification
In order to isolate and characterize 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidone (TMPD)- degrading bacteria and to select the optimal degrading conditions, different bacterial types which can degrade TMPD were isolated from soil samples. Three strains (LF-1, LF-2 and LF-3) showed strong biodegradation ability by UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis. Morphological and biochemical analyses, as well as 16S rRNA...
June 2011
Studies on the bioutilization of some petroleum hydrocarbons by single and mixed cultures of some bacterial species
The ability of four bacterial species (Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Klebsiella sp. and Proteus sp.) to utilize some petroleum hydrocarbons (kerosene, engine oil and automotive oil) was studied. Laboratory experiments were conducted over a five day period in Erlenmeyer flasks containing mineral salt medium (MSM) under aerobic conditions using the hydrocarbons as carbon...
June 2011
Antimicrobial activity of Vernonia amygdalina on selected urinary tract pathogens
The aqueous ethanol and acetone-ethanolic extracts of Vernonia amygdalina leaves and stems were investigated for their antimicrobial activities compared to ciprofloxacin, againstEscherichia coli, Klebsiella sp and Staphylococcus sp. The antimicrobial activity of each extract on the isolates was determined by agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration methods. The...
June 2011
Prevalence of caprine tuberculosis in Mid- Rift valley area of Oromia, Ethiopia
A cross sectional study of caprine tuberculosis was conducted on randomly selected 630 goats at, Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Centre and, smallholder farmers found around the research centre from December 2005 to June 2006. Single intradermal tuberculin test, post mortem examination of suspected goats and bacteriological culture of the pathogen were carried out to confirm the pathogen. Taking the cut off...
June 2011
Prediction of bacterial toxins by an improved feature extraction and IB1 algorithm fusion
Correctly identifying bacterial toxin is of great benefit to cell biology and medical research. In order to improve predictive accuracy, based on the concept of pseudo amino acid composition, combined with the methods of approximate entropy and IB1 algorithm, a new method is proposed to predict bacterial toxins in this paper. The improved method gives comprehensive consideration of amino acid composition,...
June 2011
Microflora distribution and assessment of microbiological quality milk from Tunisian collection centres
Eighty samples of raw milk, collected from eight Tunisian centres, were characterised. All these samples contained approximately 1011 cfu/ml of mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeasts and coliforms dominated the microflora of these samples. They varied from 105 to 109 cfu/ml. More than 70% of the analysed samples contained 106 cfu/ml...
June 2011
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as an epidemiological marker for typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus recovered from King Saudi Arabia (KSA)
In this study, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was used for genomic DNA finger printings of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates. Thirty strains of S. aureus collected from major hospital laboratories and public health centers, Riyadh, King Saudi Arabia were tested phenotypically by conventional methods and genotypically by multiplex-PCR for direct...
June 2011
The prevalence of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in local cheese produced in Sarab city, Iran and its public health implication
Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by different species of Brucella. The main sources of human brucellosis for general population are dairy products prepared from raw milk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence ofBrucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in unpasteurized cheese produced in Sarab city. For this purpose, a total of 1000 cheese samples were collected...
June 2011
The in vivo antileishmanial activity of alcoholic extract from Nigella sativa seeds
The effect of an alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seeds was surveyed on cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. A subcutaneous inoculation of Leishmania(L) major at the dorsal base of the tail produced swelling, inflammation, stiffness, redness and sore. As soon as symptoms appeared, the ointment was used on the wound of mice as a treatment (the seeds were dried and crushed...
June 2011
Evaluation of the currently used polymerase chain reaction assays for molecular detection of Brucella species
The diagnosis of brucellosis is the corner stone in any control and eradication program. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to apply more advanced techniques for rapid and accurate diagnosis of brucellosis that can overcome the draw backs of the traditional diagnostic techniques. Different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were applied in the present study, either singly or in a...
June 2011
Enhanced cultivability of antagonistic bacterial strains from soft coral Sinularia sp., Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India
Studies to increase the recoverability of antagonistic bacterial strains carried out from soft coral species Sinularia was cultured in a varied combination of low to high nutrient media. Each of the media was supplemented with sodium pyruvate. This study was aimed to find out whether the addition of sodium pyruvate to all solid media could significantly increase the recovery of microbes....
June 2011
Clinical and epidemiological description of Imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial infections in a regional teaching hospital in China
To elucidate the clinical characteristics of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 34 isolates genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)were collected from January 2007 to December 2007. Isolates were most commonly found in the ICU and burn ward in this study,...
June 2011
Bacterial community associated with bovine tripe sold in Mafikeng Municipality, South Africa
Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from tripe purchased from five butcher shops within the Mafikeng Municipality. Samples were subjected to bacteriological examination using standard methods. Mean counts (log10 cfu/g) obtained from bleached and unbleached tripe samples for aerobic plate counts (5.62 and 7.00),Enterobacteriaceae (4.09 and 4.61), Pseudomonas (4.20 and 4.57), lactic acid...
June 2011
Multi-drug resistance in commensal bacteria of food of animal origin in Uganda
This study investigated the levels and patterns of antibiotic resistance in resistance- indicator bacteria; Escherichia coli and Enterococci of food of animal origin. Isolates were obtained from fecal samples collected from food animals (chickens, pigs, cattle, goats and sheep) and tested against selected panels of antibiotics. High resistance was observed for...
June 2011
Study of genetic diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit: Variable number tandem repeat typing in Khuzestan Province, Iran
To investigate the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains MIRU-VNTR as a powerful tool was used. In this study 80 isolates from patients were analyzed using primers based on IS6110 gene fragment specific for MTB complex. Then R&D typing based on regions of difference was used to differentiate MTBC members. The MTB isolates were genotyped by 12 loci based MIRU-VNTR. The...
June 2011
Immune function changes of rats in incremental graded exercise test
This study evaluated the effect of incremental graded exercise on immune function of spleen and thymus in rats. The animals were divided into 6 groups, with 32 animals in per group: no exercise (W0), exercise for 1 week (W1), exercise for 2 weeks (W2), exercise for 3 weeks (W3), exercise for 4 weeks (W4) and exercise for 5 weeks (W5). Each group was further divided into 4 groups, with 8 animals in per group:...
June 2011
Preparation of rabbit anti-Ganoderma sinensis immunomodulatory protein polyclonal antibody
Ganoderma sinensis immunomodulatory protein (FIP-gsi) was a new protein in fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP) family. Based on the recombinant FIP-gsi expressed inEscherichia coli, the New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with the purity protein to prepare anti-FIP-gsi polyclonal antibody. The efficacy of polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA and Western blot. The results showed that the...
June 2011
Deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins B1 (FB1) in artisanal sorghum opaque beer brewed in north Cameroon
The production and consumption of artisanal home-brewed sorghum beer (Bil-bil andKpata) is a widespread traditional practice in the northern Sudan-Sahelian zone of Cameroon. Deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins B1 (FB1) in these home-brewed artisanal opaque beer samples extracted by HPLC method, before analysis by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) procedure, showed a wide range...
June 2011
Estimation of genetic parameter in Iranian Holstein crossbred dairy cattle
The performance of Holstein × Indigenous (H×I) crossbred dairy cattle in Iran was considered between 1991 and 2003. Milk, fat yield and fat percentage traits were considered in this research. Variance components were estimated using animal model (single trait) and derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood method for different traits. Crossbred animals with...
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