October 2013
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Essential belowground organisms for earth life but sensitive to a changing environment
Changes in the soil and environment rarely occur in isolation and new insights into their impacts on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in moderating ecosystems processes are needed. Any climate, soil and/or plant type change affects activity and biomass of extra radical mycelia of AMF and can consequently impact on the physiology of the host plant as well as on soil structure and rhizospheric microorganisms....
July 2012
Production of indole acetic acid by Rhizobium isolates from Vigna trilobata (L) Verdc.
Rhizobium strains were isolated from root nodules of five cultivars of Vigna trilobatanamely: cultivar-1 from Prakasham District, cultivar-2 from East Godavari District, cultivar-3 from Guntur District, cultivar-4 from West Godavari District and cultivar-5 from Krishna District on yeast extract mannitol broth (YEMB) medium with bromothymol blue indicator. The strains were examined for production of...
July 2012
Production and characterisation of protease enzyme produced by a novel moderate thermophilic bacterium (EP1001) isolated from an alkaline hot spring, Zimbabwe
A moderately thermophilic bacterium designated EP1001 isolated from an alkaline hot spring (conditions in the hot spring: temperature 53-54°C and pH 9.3) in Zimbabwe was investigated for protease production. Studies to determine the growth and protease enzyme production by the novel bacterium were carried out in ordinary batch, regulated batch and fed-batch modes of fermentation using a BioFlow III 3 L...
July 2012
Molecular characterization of nosocomial CTX-M type ß–Lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae from University Hospital in Turkey
Extended-spectrum ß–Lactamase (ESBL) producing members of the Enterobacteriaceae family are important nosocomial pathogens. CTX-M type extended-spectrum ß–Lactamases (ESBLs) are now the most important cause of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Escherichia coli and are reported worldwide with increasing frequency. Dominant CTX-M genotype varies geographically. CTX-M 15...
July 2012
Genetic analysis and comparative virulence of isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat in Argentina
Tan spot caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, occurs in many wheat-growing regions worldwide and is considered among the major diseases of wheat in Argentina. In nature, this pathogen reproduces both sexually and asexually, but the extent of genetic variability in the P. tritici-repentis Argentinian population is unknown. The genetic structure of P....
July 2012
In vitro bacteriologic study and empiric antibiotic regimens for diabetic foot ulcers
Hundred diabetic patients were admitted with clinically infected foot ulcers and were studied during the period of 1st January 2010 to 30th June 2011. Pus samples of bacterial culture were collected from 30 patients admitted with diabetic foot infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of aerobic isolates was performed by the standard disc diffusion method as recommended by National Committee...
July 2012
Study on the combined insecticidal effect of pyrethroid, Azadirachta indica and boric acid on the Bacillus thuringiensis efficacy in Tribolium castaneum
The red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) is a common pest insect known for attacking and infesting stored flour and grain. Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t) is a Gram positive, soil dwelling bacteria commonly used as a biological alternative to a pesticide. The present project was designed for the study of combined insecticidal effect of B. t along with boric acid, insecticide...
July 2012
Rapeseed meal feeding effects on total proteins and lipids of Japanese Quail
A detailed study was undertaken, in order to determine the safe dose of mustard seed meal required in the diet of Japanese quails that can be used at the production level without having deleterious effects on the growth of these birds. For this purpose, some 1500 birds were fed different levels of mustard seed meal in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets. The results of its application, on the diets of these...
July 2012
Toxicological effects of silver nanoparticles in rats
Toxicity of nanoparticles depends on chemical composition, atomic arrangement and particle size. Silver is being widely used in consumer medical products, due to its uniqueness such as antimicrobial activity. In this study, we assessed the toxic effects of size-silver nanoparticles 70 nanometer in rat’s living tissues, with different doses such as 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg body weight...
July 2012
Prevalence study of Coxiella burnetii in aborted fetuses of small ruminants in various partum and seasons in Iran
Query (Q) fever is an ubiquitous zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular rickettsial organism that cause abortion and stillbirth in ruminants. The prevalence of C. burnetii in Iran is essentially unknown. Its traditional diagnosis is based on culture, serology and conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this present study, for more sensitive and accurate...
July 2012
Clinical microbiology study of diabetic foot ulcer in Iran; pathogens and antibacterial susceptibility
The aim of this study was to investigate microbial pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility profile in infected diabetic foot ulcers in Iranian patients. This was a one-year cross sectional study on diabetic patients with infected diabetic foot ulcer at Shariati Teaching Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Grade of ulcer was determined by Wagner’s criteria. Specimens were obtained from the base of ulcer, deep...
July 2012
Evaluation of different deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction methods using dried blood spot for early infant diagnosis of HIV1 in Sub-Saharan Africa
Mother-to-child transmission leads to death of 50% of infected children in the first 2 years of life. Early diagnosis is essential for timely treatment. Dried blood spots (DBS) collected on filter paper provide a simple approach for sample collection especially in resource limited settings, because storage and shipment are very easy. The aim of the study was to standardize reproducible,...
July 2012
Antibiotic-resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cow’s milk in Hawassa area, South Ethiopia
Quarter milk samples from cows were examined to determine the prevalence ofStaphylococcus aureus (SA) and different antibiotic resistant pattern were determined in a cross-sectional study design. The aim of this study was to isolate Staphylococcus aureusfrom samples of cow’s milk obtained from Hawassa area and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. A total of 160 milk...
July 2012
Oxidative stress and altered levels of antioxidants in adolescents with Down syndrome during pre-exercise and post-exercise
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of exercise on activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), β-carotene, retinol levels in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). Twenty adolescents with DS (14.86 ± 7.07 years) performed a 12-week training program. Body composition was measured by bioelectric...
July 2012
Efflux inhibitory activity of flavonoids from Chromolaena odorata against selected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates
Ten flavonoid compounds isolated from the methanolic extract of a tropical weed plant,Chromolaena odorata leaves were tested against three multidrug-resistant (MDR) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates with active efflux properties. Only low inhibitory potential were detected through the preliminary evaluation as indicated by their respective minimum inhibitory...
July 2012
Genetic variation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici isolated from tomatoes in Thailand using pathogenicity and AFLP markers
Genetic variation among 25 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici causing tomato wilt was determined using pathogenicity test and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) markers. The isolates were collected from 8 provinces in Thailand. Based on the pathogenecity result, all isolates were divided into two groups as pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates. Cluster...
July 2012
Azadirachta indica extracts influenced some pathogenic fungi
Active components of neem leaves and seeds were extracted with different methods in order to study the effect of different extract concentrations on the inhibition of some pathogenic fungi. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify the active components of neem extract. Highest inhibition percentage of ethanolic neem leaf extract was recorded with Rhizoctonia solani, while the...
July 2012
Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae towards Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus under laboratory and field conditions
Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the most studied agents of biological control of several arthropod plagues, including the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Studies have been conducted to assess the fungal complex infection process towards its hosts. To accomplish that, mutant strains overexpressing or lacking assumed determinant genes for the process were constructed over...
July 2012
Antioxidant effect of celery against carbontetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats
Ethanolic extract of celery (Apium graveolens) and its diet were evaluated for antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities in rats. Celery is valuable in weight loss diets and regulate lipid metabolism. Albino male rats were used to evaluate its antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities against carbon tetrachloride induced toxicity. Chromosomal aberration, sperm abnormalities, biochemical and molecular...
July 2012
First report of Mycoplasma bovis infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China
Mycoplasma bovis is a major bacterial pathogen causing mastitis in dairy cattle, pneumonia and arthritis, and reduced weight gain in calves and reproductive problems in both dairy cattle and bulls, resulting in significant economic losses. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the M. bovis seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical Southern China by...
July 2012
The relationship between IL-17 and male infertility: Semen analysis
The relationship between IL-17 and male infertility was investigated. Seminal fluid from 57 males, including infertile and normal, were selected and subjected to routine analysis and determination of the levels of cytokines. IL-17 can be detected in seminal fluid, with concentrations from 0.45 to 16.67 pg/ml. Semen analysis showed that semen samples with low activity sperms have higher IL-17 level, while...
July 2012
Activities of antioxidants enzymes in Salicylic acid treated tomato against Xanthomonas vesicatoria
Tomato bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria is an important disease in many tomato production areas in the world. The potentiality of salicylic acid (SA) to suppressing bacterial spot of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. var.) under artificial inoculation conditions was investigated in the current work. Tomato plants cv. Super Strain B were sprayed with SA (10...
July 2012
Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on maize in greenhouse and field trial
The aim of the study was to investigate ability of Pseudomonas sp. Q4b, Bacillus sp. Q5a and Azotobacter chroococcum strain 8 to enrich a population of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in rhizosphere and thus enhance maize growth (Zea mays L.). Experiments were carried out under greenhouse and field conditions, on a chernozem soil. In...
July 2012
In vitro evaluation of various fungicides against Fusarium solani isolated from Dalbergia sissoo dieback
Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) infected with dieback disease is considered as one of the most severe problems in Asia, especially in Pakistan. Some fungi including Fusarium solani are thought to be a causative organism for this epidemiological problem. In our previous studies, we recognized for the first time, F. solani as an etiological agent for theD. sissoo dieback...
July 2012
Antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies of Russelia equisetiformis
In the present study of Russelia equisetiformis belonging to the family scrophulariaceae, leaves were evaluated for antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies. The leaves were extracted with absolute methanol and further fractionated by solvent-solvent extraction method with increasing polarity based absolute solvents, that is, n-hexane,chloroform, ethyl acetate...
July 2012
Evaluation of biodegradation of 2-chlorobenzoic acid by isolated bacteria from landfill soils in Shiraz, Iran
Chlorobenzoic acids are one of the environmental pollutants which contaminate the soils and waters. Microorganisms have been used for removing pollution in the area of oil spill, nuclear waste, leakage from waste landfill, factory waste, and heavy metals. The aim of this study was to identify 2-chlorobenzoic acid degrading bacteria from the soils around the landfill centers (landfills) in Shiraz city (Iran)...
July 2012
Evaluation of antiviral effect of atorvastatin on H1N1 infection in MDCK cells
Influenza virus causes annual epidemics and occasional pandemics despite developing new vaccines and antiviral drugs, thus presents significant public health concerns. For efficient treatment of influenza, researchers have shown interest on drugs with pleiotropic effects. Clinical efficacy of all conventional drugs in this case is ambiguous. Atorvastatin as a common drug used to treat hypercholestrolemia can...
July 2012
First report of Chlamydophila seroprevalence in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Lanzhou, Northwest China
Chlamydophila is an obligate intracellular bacterium, found in a wide range of birds, which is frequently transmitted from infected birds to humans. In the present study, a total of 313 serum samples from free-living, clinically healthy house sparrows were examined using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). Antibodies against Chlamydophila were found in 33 (10.54%) of 313 serum...
July 2012
A post harvest disease of Mangifera indica fruit caused by Pestalotiopsis mangiferae, in Saudi Arabia
Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important import fruit of Saudi Arabia. Brown black rots were found as a post harvest disease on the mango fruit. On the basis of the morphological characters, the fungus causing this disease was identified asPestalotiopsis mangiferae (Henn). The disease was tested with the Kochs postulates. This is the first report of fruit rots caused by P....
July 2012
Detection of subgroup J avian leukosis virus gene by polymerase chain reaction from whole blood without DNA extraction
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an exogenous avian leukosis virus that causes significant economic losses. In this study, a whole blood polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay without DNA extraction was developed, optimized, and was compared with conventional methods for the detection of ALV-J infection. The evaluation assay indicated that the whole blood PCR had similar sensitivity and specificity...
Advertisement
Advertisement
