January 2014
Human pandemic threat by H5N1 (avian influenza)
Influenza viruses infect a wide range of animal hosts and cause yearly wintertime epidemics among people living in temperate zones. Due to their ability to mutate, re-assort gene segments, and cross species, influenza viruses can also lead to pandemics in which immunologically naive people are exposed to a new, highly contagious subtype. In the last century, these pandemics were caused by influenza viruses whose surface...
January 2014
Newcastle Disease: Present status and future challenges for developing countries
Newcastle disease (ND) is an important infectious disease of the poultry that is caused by virulent strains of Avian Paramyxovirus - 1, which is a single strand non segmented negative sense RNA virus. The virus belongs to family Paramyxoviridae and it has 10 serotypes designated as APMV-1 to APMV-10. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is endemic in many countries of the world. The first outbreak of Newcastle disease was...
January 2014
Quantitative suspension tests for the evaluation of bactericidal, fungicidal and sporicidal effects of biocides used in vaccine production facility
The appropriate use of biocides is essential in any vaccine production facility and their proper evaluation using standardized tests marks the first step to ensure their proper use. Quantitative suspension tests against reference and environmental isolates were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of various biocides used in the main vaccine production facility in Egypt. Several use-dilutions of the biocides were...
January 2014
Microbiological contamination of surfaces in fish industry
Three hundred and forty (340) samples of surfaces from equipment (skinning machines), utensils (polyethylene cutting boards, polypropylene cases, baskets, and trays, plastic material used to cover the trays, packaging tanks, knives, and stainless steel sorting and packaging tables), and gloves used by handlers in fish industries, collected with swabs in August 2010 and August 2011, were evaluated. In each period, five...
January 2014
Strain improvement in Pleurotus Ostreatus using UV light and ethyl methyl sulfonate as mutagens
Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) is the choicest edible species cultivated in various regions of the world. Strain improvement studies were carried out in three strains of P. Ostreatus spp. Three strains of P. Ostreatus viz. PO-2, PO-6 and PO-7 were used for strain improvement, emphasizing on lower spore count and colour of the sporophore. It is a gymnocarpous genus of mushroom, which continuously release spores in...
January 2014
Control of urban soil’s toxicity by evaluation of bacterial community changes
Since 1990, Almaty City’s soils has been considerably polluted by heavy metals, which resulted in its’ unhealthy ecological conditions. Almaty soils are light chestnut soils with the following physical and chemical properties: packing, 1.6±0.5 g∙cm-3; available air space, 36.1 ± 9.4%; salt composition of the soil aqueous extract, 0.12±0.04%; hygroscopity (water-absorbing quality),...
January 2014
Isolation and antibiogram of pneumonic pasteurellosis causing microbes from nasopharynx of transport stressed Nigerian goats
This investigation reports the isolation and antibiogram of pneumonic pasteurellosis causing microbes, Mannheimia haemolytica (MH) and Pasturella multocida (PM) from the nasopharynx of transport stressed Nigerian goats. Nasal swabs were taken from 63 that were transport stressed (group A), 21 goats that were transport stressed followed by rest for two weeks (group B) and 21 resident goats which were not...
January 2014
Antibacterial activity of the curcumin derivative FM0817 against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
The objectives were to analyze the anti-bacterial activity of the curcumin derivative FM0817 and its mechanism of action. We first tested 40 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) for their susceptibilities to antibiotics by the Kirby-Bauer and agar dilution methods. Total DNA was extracted by the boiling method, and 22 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were randomly selected and used as templates for polymerase...
January 2014
Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for reliable detection Burkholderia pseudomallei in soil samples
Bulkholderia pseudomallei, the pathogeny of melioidosis, is naturally occurring in soil and water in epidemic regions. The environmental distribution of B. pseudomallei is still unclear, as indeed is the global distribution of B. pseudomallei. To detect B. pseudomallei in epidemic regions，a double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was developed to detect B. pseudomallei in soil cultures...
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