African Journal of
Pharmacy and Pharmacology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0816
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJPP
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 2296

Full Length Research Paper

Antihyperglycemic and pancreatic ?-Cells protective effects of Cassia siamea in Alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats

Camille KOFFI
  • Camille KOFFI
  • Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, UFR Sciences Médicales Bouaké, Université Alassane Ouattara, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
N’goran Mathieu KOUAME
  • N’goran Mathieu KOUAME
  • Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, UFR Sciences Médicales Bouaké, Université Alassane Ouattara, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Kouassi Eugène KOFFI
  • Kouassi Eugène KOFFI
  • Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire (IPCI), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Kanga Sita N’ZOUÉ
  • Kanga Sita N’ZOUÉ
  • Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, UFR Sciences Médicales Bouaké, Université Alassane Ouattara, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
N’guessan Alain Roland YAO
  • N’guessan Alain Roland YAO
  • Laboratoire de Valorisation des Agroressources, UFR Sciences Biologiques, Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Brahima DOUKOURE
  • Brahima DOUKOURE
  • Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique, UFR-SMA, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
  • Google Scholar
Mamadou KAMAGATE
  • Mamadou KAMAGATE
  • Département de Pharmacologie Clinique, UFR Sciences Médicales Bouaké, Université Alassane Ouattara, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Accepted: 15 January 2024
  •  Published: 31 January 2024

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the β-cell protective effects of ethanol extracts of Cassia siamea (Fabaceae) leaves (LECS). Initially, acute toxicity of LECS (2000 mg/kg/day/bw; po) was assessed in rats. In vitro, antioxidant activity was evaluated on HUVEC cultures. Subsequently, acute hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic properties were examined for three doses of LECS (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/bw; po) in Wistar rats, along with an assessment of its impact on intestinal glucose absorption. In the third phase, oral treatment with LECS (200 mg/kg/day/bw; po) was conducted for 4 weeks in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg/day/bw; po) as the standard drug control. Various parameters, including fasting blood glucose, body weight, food intake, lipid profile, and biomarkers of liver and kidney functions, were determined. Additionally, histological analysis of pancreatic islets was performed. The data analysis revealed that C. siamea did not induce adverse effects or mortality in rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. Furthermore, LECS significantly prevented oral glucose-induced hyperglycemia, reduced intestinal glucose absorption, and improved lipid profile in diabetic rats. Although the extracts did not significantly modify body weight, they effectively reversed hyperglycemia, enhanced pancreatic islet size and granulation, and exhibited antioxidant properties by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HUVEC. Overall, these findings suggest that the ethanol extract of C. siamea leaves may have potential in managing diabetes through its antioxidant properties, improvement of β-cell function, and reduction of intestinal glucose absorption.

Key words: Cassia siamea, diabetes, HUVEC, rat wistar, antihyperglycemic, pancreatic β-Cells.