African Journal of
Pharmacy and Pharmacology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0816
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJPP
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 2288

Full Length Research Paper

Susceptibility of Blastocystis hominis to monolaurine (Lauric acid), lactoferine (Lactobacillus acidophillus) and metronidazole: An in vitro and in vivo studies

Soad Ismail
  • Soad Ismail
  • Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Iman Ali
  • Iman Ali
  • Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Neimat Amer*
  • Neimat Amer*
  • Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Zeinab Fahmy
  • Zeinab Fahmy
  • Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Magda Azmy
  • Magda Azmy
  • Department of Electron Microscope, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar
Mona Magdy
  • Mona Magdy
  • Department of Pathology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute. P. O. Box 30, Imbaba, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 30 May 2015
  •  Accepted: 21 October 2015
  •  Published: 15 January 2016

References

Alfellani MA, Taner-Mulla D, Jacob AS, Imeede CA, Yoshikawa H, Stensvold CR, Clark CG (2013). Genetic diversity of Blastocystis in livestock and zoo animals. Protist, 164(4):497-509.
Crossref
 
Aly MM, Shalaby MA, Artia SS, E-Sayed SH, Mahmoud SS (2013). Therapeutic effect of lauric acid, a medium chain saturated fatty acid. On Giardia lamblia in experimentally infected hamsters. PUJ 6(1):89-98.
 
Amer NM, Mahmoud SS, Helmy A, Hammam O (2007). The role of probiotics in controlling Giardia intestinalis in experimental animals. New Egypt J. Med. 37:13-23.
 
Blagg W, Schlogel E, Mansour NS, Khaled GJ (1955). A new concentration technique for the demonstration of protozoa and helminth's eggs in faeces. Am. J. Tropical Med. Hygiene 1: 23-28.
 
Boorom KF, Smith H, Nimri L, Viscogliosi E, Spanakos G, Parkar U, Jones MS (2008). Oh my aching gut: Irritable bowel syndrome, Blastocystis, and asymptomatic infection. Parasitol. Vectors 1(1):40.
Crossref
 
Choi CH, Jo SY, Park HJ, Chang SK, Byeon JS, Myung SJ (2011). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of Saccharomyces boulardii in irritable bowel syndrome: Effect on quality of life. J. Clin. Gastroenterolin Press.
Crossref
 
Coyle CM, Varscehese J, Weiss L, Tanowitz HB (2012). Blastocystis to treat or not to treat. Clin. Infectious Diseases 54(1):105-110.
Crossref
 
Diaz E, Mondragon J, Ramirez E, Bernal R (2003). Epidemiology and control of intestinal parasites with nitazoxanide in children in Mexico. Am. J. Tropical Med. Hygiene 68(4):384-385.
 
El-Gayar E, Soliman RH (2011). In vitro and in vivo effects of quillaha saponasia on Blastocystis hominis isolates. Parasitol. United J. 4(1):101.
 
Fenoglia-Preiser CM, Noftsinger AE, stemmermann GN (2008). Gastrointestinal pathology. An Atlas and Text. 3rd ed. USA: Walters Kluwer, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins P 834.
 
Grimaud JA, Druget M, Peyrol S, Chevalier D (1980). Light and electron microscope study. J. Histochem. Cytol. 28:1145-1151.
Crossref
 
Hassan SI, Moussa HME, Fahmy ZH Mohamed AH (2010). In vitro effect of medium-chain saturated fatty acid (Dodecanoic acid) on Blastocystis Spp. Int. J. Infect Disease 14:584.
Crossref
 
Jenkins B, Holsten S, Bengmark S, Martindale R (2005). Probiotics: A practical review of their role in specific clinical scenarios. Nutr. Clin. Pract. 20(2):262-270.
Crossref
 
John A, Catanzaro ND, Green L (1997). Microbial ecology and probictics in human medicine. Altern. Med. Rev. 2(4):296-305.
 
Kelesidis T, Pothoulakis C (2012). Efficacy and safety of the probiotic Saccharmyces boulardii for the prevention and therapy of gastrointestinal disorders. Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol. 5:111-125.
Crossref
 
Kulik RA, Falavigna DL, Nishi L, Araujo SM (2008). Blastocystis sp. and other intestinal parasites in hemodialysis patients. Braz. J. Infect Disease 12:338-341.
Crossref
 
Kumiawan A, Karyadi T, Dwintasari SW, Sari IP, Yunihastuti E, Djauzi S, Smith HV (2009). Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS patients presenting with diarrhea in Jakarta, Indonesia. Transactions Royal Society Tropical Med. Hygiene 103: 892-898.
Crossref
 
Mirza H, Tan KS (2012). Clinical Aspects of Blastocystis Infections: Advancements amidst controversies. In: Mehlhorn H, Tan KS, Yoshikawa H, editors. Blastocystis: Pathogen or Passenger? Verlag Springer Berlin Heidelberg pp. 65-84.
 
Mirza H, Teo JD, Upcroft J, Tan KS (2011). A rapid, high throughput viability assay for Blastocystis spp. reveals metrenidazole resistance and extensive subtype dependent variations in drug susceptibilities. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 55(2):637-648.
Crossref
 
Parkar U, Traub RJ, Kumar S, Mungthin M, Vitali S, Leelayoova S, Thompson RCA (2007). Direct characterization of Blastocystis from faeces by PCR and evidence of zoonotic potential. Parasitology 134(03):359-367.
Crossref
 
Poirier P, Wawrzyniak I, Vivares CP, Delbac F, El Alaoui H (2012). New insights into Blastocystis spp.: A potential link with irritable bowel syndrome. Plos Pathog. 8(3):e1002545.
Crossref
 
Rayan H, Ismail OE, Gayar E (2007). Prevalence and clinical features of D. fragilis infection in patients suspected to have intestinal parasitic infection. J. Egypt Soo Parasitol. 37:599-608.
 
Rossignol JF, Kabil SM, Said M, Samir H, Younis AM (2005). Effect of nitazoxanide in persistent diarrhea and enteritis associated with Blastocystis hominis. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 3:987-991.
Crossref
 
Scanlan PD (2012). Blastocystis: past pitfalls and future perspectives. Trends Parasitol. 28:327-334.
Crossref
 
Sekar U, Shanthi (2013). Blastocystis: Consensus of treatment and controversies. Tropical Parasitol. 3(1):35-39.
Crossref
 
Stenzel DJ, Boreham PF (1996). Blastocystis hominis revisited. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 9:563-584.
 
Tan KS (2008). New insights on classification, identification, and clinical relevance of Blastocystis spp. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 21:639-665.
Crossref
 
Tan KS, Mirza H, Teo JD, Wu B, Macary PA (2010). Current views on the clinical relevance of Blastocystis spp. Current infectious disease reports 12:28-35.
Crossref
 
Tasova Y, Sahin B, Koltas S, Paydas S (2000). Clinical significance and frequency of Blastocystis hominis in Turkish patients with hematological malignancy. Acta Med. Okayama 54:133-136.
 
Termmathurapoj S, Leelayoova S, Aimpun P, Thathaisong U, Nimmanon T, Taamasri P, Mungthin M (2004). The usefulness of short-term in vitro cultivation for the detection and molecular study of Blastocystis hominis in stool specimens. Parasitol. Res. 93(6):445-447.
Crossref
 
Travers AM, Florent I, Kohl L, Grellier P (2011). Probiotics for the control of parasites: An overview. J. Parasitol. Res. 2011 Article ID 610769.
Crossref
 
Zierdt CH (1988). Blastocystis hominis, a long misunderstood intestinal parasite. Parasitol. Today 4:15-17.
Crossref
 
Zierdt CH (1991). Blastocystis hominis-past and future. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 4(1):61-79.
 
Zierdt CH, Donnolley CT, Muller J, Constantapoulos G (1988). Biochemical and ultra structural study of B. hominis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26(5):965-970.