Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Afzal Khan AK, MirshAd PV, Mohammed RR, Gausia B (2013). A study on the usage pattern of antimicrobial agents for the prevention of surgical site infections (SSIs) in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research 7(4):671-674. |
|
|
Ali M, Nadeem M, Shah SZA, Khan MM, Ahmad M, Ullah MA (2012). Prolonged versus short course of antibiotic prophylaxis in clean general surgery. Journal Of Medical Sciences 20(3):128-132. |
|
|
Al-Momany NH, Al-Bakri AG, Makahleh ZM, Wazaify MM (2009). Adherence to international antimicrobial prophylaxis guidelines in cardiac surgery: A Jordanian study demonstrates need for quality improvement. Journal of managed care pharmacy 15(3):262-71. |
|
|
Apisarnthanarak A, Danchaivijitr S, Bailey TC, Fraser VJ (2006). Inappropriate antibiotic use in a tertiary care center in Thailand: an incidence study and review of experience in Thailand. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 27(4):416-20. |
|
|
Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM, Perl TM, Auwaerter PG, Bolon MK, Fish DN, Napolitano LM, Sawyer RG, Slain D, Steinberg JP (2013). Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 70:195-283. |
|
|
Bratzler DW, Hunt DR (2006). The surgical infection prevention and surgical care improvement projects: national initiatives to improve outcomes for patients having surgery. Clinical Infectious Diseases 43(3):322-330. |
|
|
Burke JP (2001). Maximizing appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical patients: an update from LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City. Clinical Infectious Diseases 33(2):78-83. |
|
|
Center for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) (2013). Antibiotics resistance threats in the united states pp. 25-65. |
|
|
Center for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) (2014). National strategy for combacting antimicrobial resistant bacteria. pp. 1-10. |
|
|
Center for Disease control and Prevention (CDC) (2002). Surgical Infection Prevention (SIP) Collaborative Problem Statement pp. 1-16. |
|
|
Cusini A, Rampini SK, Bansal V, Ledergerber B, Kuster SP, Ruef C, Weber R (2010). Different patterns of inappropriate antimicrobial use in surgical and medical units at a tertiary care hospital in Switzerland: a prevalence survey. PLoS One 5(11):e14011. |
|
|
Dancer SJ (2001). The problem with cephalosporins. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 48(4):463-478. |
|
|
Deverick JA, Kaye KS, Chen LF, Schmader KE, Choi Y, Sloane R, Sexton DJ (2009). Clinical and financial outcomes due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection: a multi-center matched outcomes study. PloS One 4(12):1-8. |
|
|
Disseldorp J, Slingenberg EJMH, Matute A, Delgado E, Hak E, Hoepelman IM (2014). Application of guidelines on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in león, Nicaragua. Netherlands Journal of Medicine 64(11):411-6. |
|
|
Elbur AI, Yousif MAER, ElSayed ASA, Abdel-Rahman ME (2013). An audit of prophylactic surgical antibiotic use in a Sudanese Teaching Hospital. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 35(1):149-153. |
|
|
Gandage MG, Reddy PN, Shirsand SB, Ali SH, Kalyani B, Jeevangi VM (2013). Assessment of antibiotics prescription in surgical prophylaxis in a teaching hospital. RGUHS Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3(1):67-72. |
|
|
Garey KW, Dao T, Chen H, Amrutkar P, Kumar N, Reiter M, Gentry LO (2006). Timing of vancomycin prophylaxis for cardiac surgery patients and the risk of surgical site infections. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 58(3):645-650. |
|
|
Graffunder EM, Venezia RA (2002). Risk factors associated with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection including previous use of antimicrobials. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 49(6):999-1005. |
|
|
Gray SH, Hawn MT (2007). Prevention of surgical site infections.Hospital Physician 43(11):41. |
|
|
Gül HC, KarakaÅŸ A, Artuk C, Özbek G, Kılıç S, Eyigün CP (2013). Antibiotic usage and appropriateness at a university hospital in Turkey: point prevalence results. Nobel Medical 9(3):98-103. |
|
|
Harbarth S, Samore MH, Lichtenberg D, Carmeli Y (2000). Prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis after cardiovascular surgery and its effect on surgical site infections and antimicrobial resistance. Circulation 101(25):2916-2921. |
|
|
Hatam N, Askarian M, Moravveji AR, Assadian O (2011). Economic burden of inappropriate antibiotic use for prophylactic purpose in shiraz, iran. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 13(4):234. |
|
|
Imai-Kamata S, Fushimi K (2011). Factors associated with adherence to prophylactic antibiotic therapy for elective general surgeries in Japan. International Journal for Quality in Health Care 23(2):167-72. |
|
|
Kasteren ME, Mannien J, Kullberg BJ, De Boer AS, Nagelkerke NJ, Ridderhof M, Wille JC, Gyssens IC (2005). Quality improvement of surgical prophylaxis in Dutch hospitals: evaluation of a multi-site intervention by time series analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 56(6):1094-1102. |
|
|
Kasteren MEE, Kullberg BJ, De Boer AS, Mintjes-de Groot J, Gyssens IC (2003). Adherence to local hospital guidelines for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis: A multicentre audit in Dutch hospitalsJournal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 51(6):1389-1396. |
|
|
Khan S, Rao P, Rao A, Rodrigues G (2006). Survey and evaluation of antibiotic prophylaxis usage in surgery wards of tertiary level institution before and after the implementation of clinical guidelines. Indian Journal of Surgery 68(3):150. |
|
|
Kirkland KB, Briggs JP, Trivette SL, Wilkinson WE, Sexton DJ (1999). Kourosh A, Julie B, Tamara C, Virginia F, Susan FNG (2014). Preventing surgical site infection, Getting started kit. pp. 12-22. |
|
|
Suchitra J, Lakshmidevi N (2009). Surgical site infections: Assessing risk factors, outcomes and antimicrobial sensitivity patternsAfrican Journal of Microbiology Research 3 (4):175-9. |
|
|
Larson EL, York N, Pearson ML, Lee JT, Adams AB (1999). Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 20(4):247-77. |
|
|
The Medical Letter (2006). Treatment Guidelines - Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgery. |
|
|
Levy DG, Stergachis A, McFarland LV, Van Vorst K., Graham DJ, Johnson ES, Elmer GW (2000). Antibiotics and Clostridium difficile diarrhea in the ambulatory care setting. Clinical Therapeutics 22(1):91-102. |
|
|
Ling AO, Goh LM, Azim NAN, Tee CS, Phung CWS (2014). Antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis: a prospective surveillance of surgical wards at a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 8(2):193-201. |
|
|
Lissovoy G, Fraeman K, Hutchins V, Murphy D, Song D, Vaughn BB (2009). Surgical site infection: incidence and impact on hospital utilization and treatment costs. American Journal of Infection Control 37(5):387-397. |
|
|
Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML, Silver LC, Jarvis WR, Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. (1999). Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. American Journal of Infection Control 27(2):97-134. |
|
|
Manian FA, Meyer PL, Setzer J, Senkel D (2003). Surgical site infections associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: do postoperative factors play a role?. Clinical Infectious Diseases 36(7):863-868. |
|
|
Mary TH, Richman JS, Vick CC, Deierhoi RJ, Graham LA, Henderson WG, Itani KM (2013). Timing of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis and the risk of surgical site infection. JAMA Surgery 148(7):649-657. |
|
|
Meseret G. Aragaw K, Merid Y (2014). Bacteria from infected surgical wounds and their antimicrobial resistance in Hawassa University Referral Teaching Hospital, Southern Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research 8(11):1118-1124. |
|
|
Miliani K, L'hériteau F, Astagneau P, INCISO Network Study Group. (2009). Non-compliance with recommendations for the practice of antibiotic prophylaxis and risk of surgical site infection: results of a multilevel analysis from the INCISO Surveillance Network Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 64(6):1307-1315. |
|
|
Musmar SM, Baba H (2014). Adherence to guidelines of antibiotic prophylactic use in surgery: a prospective cohort study in North West Bank, Palestine. BMC Surgery 14(1):69. |
|
|
Napolitano F, Izzo MT, Di Giuseppe G, Angelillo IF, Collaborative Working Group. (2013). Evaluation of the appropriate perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in Italy. PloS One 8(11):e79532. |
|
|
Ng RS, Chong CP (2012). Surgeons' adherence to guidelines for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis–a review. Australasian Medical Journal 5(10):534-40. |
|
|
Rafati M, Shiva A, Ahmadi A, Habibi O (2014). Adherence to American society of health-system pharmacists surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines in a teaching hospital. Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice 3(2):62. |
|
|
Rana DA, Malhotra SD, Patel VJ (2013). Inappropriate surgical chemoprophylaxis and surgical site infection rate at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases (1):48-53. |
|
|
Ribas RM, Freitas C, Gontijo Filho PP (2009). Nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital: Risk factors, overall mortality and antimicrobial resistance. International Journal of Medical Sciences 1(10):412-417. |
|
|
Saleh P, Bastani P, Piri R, Goldust M, Naghavi-Behzad M (2013). Antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgical site infections in surgical wards in Northwest Iran. Life Science Journal 10(2):1977-81. |
|
|
Schmitt C, Lacerda RA, Padoveze MC, Turrini RNT (2012). Applying validated quality indicators to surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in a Brazilian hospital: learning what should be learned. American Journal of Infection Control 40(10):960-2. |
|
|
SIGN (2014). A national clinical guideline on antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery. pp. 1-30. |
|
|
Tacconelli E, De Angelis G, Cataldo MA, Pozzi E, Cauda R (2007). Does antibiotic exposure increase the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolation? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 61(1):26-38. |
|
|
The impact of surgical-site infections in the 1990s: Attributable mortality, excess length of hospitalization, and extra costs. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 20(11):725-730. |
|
|
Thirion DJ (2013). Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Ambulatory Surgery. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 70:195-283. |
|
|
Tietjen L, Bossemeyer D, McIntosh N (2003). Infection prevention: guidelines for healthcare facilities with limited resources. |
|
|
Tourmousoglou CE, Yiannakopoulou EC, Kalapothaki V, Bramis J, Papadopoulos JS (2007). Adherence to guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in general surgery: a critical appraisal. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 61(1):214-218. |
|
|
Vessal G, Namazi S, Davarpanah MA, Foroughinia F (2011). Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotic administration at the surgical ward of a major referral hospital, Islamic Republic of Iran. Eastern Mediter. Health Journal 17(8):663-668. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2000). Antimicrobial resistance a global threat. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2009). Guideline for safe surgery. pp. 69-80. |
|
|
Xue Y, Joanna T, Sciences H (2011) Predictive Risk Factors forMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Colonisation among Adults in Acute Care Settings : A Systematic Review. A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Clinical Science. |
|
|
Yesuf BY (2014). Prospective evaluation of antimicrobial prophylaxis and other risk factors for surgical site infection at surgical ward. Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics ISSN: 2167-065X |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
