Review
References
|
Aguirre-Hernández E, González-Trujano ME, Martínez AL, Moreno J, Kite G, Terrazas T, Soto-Hernández M (2010). HPLC/MS analysis and anxiolytic-like effect of quercetin and kaempferol flavonoids from Tilia americana var. mexicana. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 127(1): 91-97. |
|
|
Akbar S, Subhan F, Karim N, Shahid M, Ahmad N, Ali G, Mahmood W, Fawad K (2016). 6-Methoxyflavanone attenuates mechanical allodynia and vulvodynia in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathic pain. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 84:962-971. |
|
|
Ammar MI, Nenaah GE, Mohamed AHH (2013).Antifungal activity of prenylated flavonoids isolated from Tephrosia apollinea L. against four phytopathogenic fungi. Crop Protection 49:21-25. |
|
|
Ataka T, Kumamoto E, Shimoji K, Yoshimura M (2000). Baclofen inhibits more effectively C-afferent than Aδ-afferent glutamatergic transmission in substantia gelatinosa neurons of adult rat spinal cord slices. Pain 86(3):273-282. |
|
|
Attal N (2001). Pharmacologic treatment of neuropathic pain. Acta Neurologica Belgica 101(1):53-64. |
|
|
Azevedo MI, Pereira AF, Nogueira RB, Rolim F E, Brito GA, Wong DVT, Lima-Júnior RC, de Albuquerque Ribeiro R, Vale ML (2013). The antioxidant effects of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin inhibit oxaliplatin-induced chronic painful peripheral neuropathy. Molecular Pain 9(1):53. |
|
|
Baron R (2006). Mechanisms of disease: neuropathic pain-a clinical perspective. Nature Clinical Practice Neurology 2(2):95-106. |
|
|
Baron R, Levine JD, Fields HL (1999). Causalgia and reflex sympathetic dystrophy: does the sympathetic nervous system contribute to the generation of pain? Muscle and nerve 22(6):678-695. |
|
|
Bráz JM, Sharif-Naeini R, Vogt D, Kriegstein A, Alvarez-Buylla A, Rubenstein JL, Basbaum AI (2012). Forebrain GABAergic neuron precursors integrate into adult spinal cord and reduce injury-induced neuropathic pain. Neuron 74(4):663-675. |
|
|
Campbell JN, Meyer RA (2006). Mechanisms of neuropathic pain. Neuron 52(1):77-92. |
|
|
Chang WS, Lee YJ, Lu F, Chiang HC (1992). Inhibitory effects of flavonoids on xanthine oxidase. Anticancer Research 13(6A):2165-2170. |
|
|
Cheng HT, Suzuki M, Hegarty DM, Xu Q, Weyerbacher AR, South SM, Ohata M, Inturrisi CE (2008). Inflammatory pain-induced signaling events following a conditional deletion of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in spinal cord dorsal horn. Neuroscience 155(3):948-958. |
|
|
Cherng CH, Lee KC, Chien CC, Chou KY, Cheng YC, Hsin ST, Lee SO, Shen CH, RY Tsai, CS Wong (2014). Baicalin ameliorates neuropathic pain by suppressing HDAC1 expression in the spinal cord of spinal nerve ligation rats. Journal of the Formosan Medica l Association 113(8):513-520. |
|
|
Cho N, Lee KY, Huh J, Choi JH, Yang H, Jeong EJ, Kim HP, Sung SH (2013). Cognitive-enhancing effects of Rhus verniciflua bark extract and its active flavonoids with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Food and chemical toxicology 58:355-361. |
|
|
Clatworthy A, Illich P, Castro G, Walters E (1995). Role of peri-axonal inflammation in the development of thermal hyperalgesia and guarding behavior in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Neuroscience letters 184(1):5-8. |
|
|
Cui JG, Holmin S, Mathiesen T, Meyerson BA, Linderoth B (2000). Possible role of inflammatory mediators in tactile hypersensitivity in rat models of mononeuropathy. Pain 88(3):239-248. |
|
|
Cunha F, Poole S, Lorenzetti B, Ferreira S (1992). The pivotal role of tumour necrosis factor α in the development of inflammatory hyperalgesia. British journal of pharmacology 107(3):660-664. |
|
|
Cushnie T, Lamb AJ (2005). Antimicrobial activity of flavonoids. International journal of antimicrobial agents 26(5):343-356. |
|
|
De Groot H (1994). Reactive oxygen species in tissue injury. Hepato-gastroenterology 41(4):328-332. |
|
|
Dehmlow C, Erhard J, de Groot H (1996). Inhibition of Kupffer cell functions as an explanation for the hepatoprotective properties of silibinin. Hepatology 23(4):749-754. |
|
|
De Leo JA, Yezierski RP (2001). The role of neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation in persistent pain. Pain 90(1-2):1-6. |
|
|
Eaton MJ, Plunkett JA, Martinez MA, Lopez T, Karmally S, Cejas P, Whittemore SR (1998). Transplants of neuronal cells bioengineered to synthesize GABA alleviate chronic neuropathic pain. Cell transplantation 8(1):87-101. |
|
|
Eaton MJ, Martinez MA, Karmally S (1999). A single intrathecal injection of GABA permanently reverses neuropathic pain after nerve injury. Brain research 835(2):334-339. |
|
|
Ferrali M, Signorini C, Caciotti B, Sugherini L, Ciccoli L, Giachetti D, Comporti M (1997). Protection against oxidative damage of erythrocyte membrane by the flavonoid quercetin and its relation to iron chelating activity. FEBS letters 416(2):123-129. |
|
|
Ferrandiz M, Alcaraz M (1991). Anti-inflammatory activity and inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism by flavonoids. Agents and actions 32(3-4):283-288. |
|
|
Ferrandiz ML, Gil B, Sanz MJ, Ubeda A, Erazo S, Gonzalez E, Negrete R, Pacheco S, Payaa M, Alcaraz MJ (1996). Effect of bakuchiol on leukocyte functions and some inflammatory responses in mice. Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 48(9):975-980. |
|
|
Ferreira S, Lorenzetti B, Poole S (1993). Bradykinin initiates cytokineâ€mediated inflammatory hyperalgesia. British journal of pharmacology 110(3):1227-1231. |
|
|
Formica J, Regelson W (1995). Review of the biology of quercetin and related bioflavonoids. Food and chemical toxicology 33(12):1061-1080. |
|
|
Friesenecker B, Tsai A (1995). Cellular basis of inflammation, edema and the activity of Daflon 500 mg. International Journal of Microcirculation 15(Suppl. 1):17-21. |
|
|
Gavande N, Karim N, Johnston GA, Hanrahan JR, Chebib M (2011). Identification of Benzopyranâ€4â€one Derivatives (Isoflavones) as Positive Modulators of GABAA Receptors. ChemMedChem 6(8):1340-1346. |
|
|
Griebel G, Perrault G, Tan S, Schoemaker H, Sanger DJ (1999). Pharmacological studies on synthetic flavonoids: comparison with diazepam. Neuropharmacology 38(7):965-977. |
|
|
Groot Hd, Rauen U (1998). Tissue injury by reactive oxygen species and the protective effects of flavonoids. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology 12(3):249-255. |
|
|
Gwak YS, Tan HY, Nam TS, Paik KS, Hulsebosch CE, Leem JW (2006). Activation of spinal GABA receptors attenuates chronic central neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury. Journal of neurotrauma 23(7):1111-1124. |
|
|
Hains BC, Saab CY, Klein JP, Craner MJ, Waxman SG (2004). Altered sodium channel expression in second-order spinal sensory neurons contributes to pain after peripheral nerve injury. The Journal of neuroscience 24(20):4832-4839. |
|
|
Hall BJ, Chebib M, Hanrahan JR, Johnston GAR (2005). 6-Methylflavanone, a more efficacious positive allosteric modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) action at human recombinant α2β2γ2L than at α1β2γ2L and α1β2 GABAA receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. European Journal of Pharmacology 512(2-3):97-104. |
|
|
Hall BJ, Karim N, Chebib M, Johnston GA, Hanrahan JR (2014). Modulation of ionotropic GABA receptors by 6-methoxyflavanone and 6-methoxyflavone. Neurochemical research 39(6):1068-1078. |
|
|
Halliwell B (1995). How to characterize an antioxidant: an update. In Biochemical Society Symposia. Portland Press Limited. 61:73-101. |
|
|
Hanasaki Y, Ogawa S, Fukui S (1994). The correlation between active oxygens scavenging and antioxidative effects of flavonoids. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 16(6):845-850. |
|
|
Hanisch UK (2002). Microglia as a source and target of cytokines. Glia 40(2):140-155. |
|
|
Hanrahan JR, Chebib M, Johnston GA (2011). Flavonoid modulation of GABAA receptors. British journal of pharmacology 163(2):234-245. |
|
|
Harden RN (1999). Gabapentin: a new tool in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 100:43-47. |
|
|
Heim KE, Tagliaferro AR, Bobilya DJ (2002). Flavonoid antioxidants: chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 13(10):572-584. |
|
|
Hendrich J, Van Minh AT, Heblich F, Nieto-Rostro M, Watschinger K, Striessnig J, Wratten J, Davies A, Dolphin AC (2008). Pharmacological disruption of calcium channel trafficking by the α2δ ligand gabapentin. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(9):3628-3633. |
|
|
Hong X, Hopfinger AJ (2003). 3D-pharmacophores of flavonoid binding at the benzodiazepine GABAA receptor site using 4D-QSAR analysis. Journal of chemical information and computer sciences 43(1):324-336. |
|
|
Hwang JH, Yaksh TL (1997). The effect of spinal GABA receptor agonists on tactile allodynia in a surgically-induced neuropathic pain model in the rat. Pain 70(1):15-22. |
|
|
Jäger AK, Krydsfeldt K, Rasmussen HB (2009). Bioassayâ€guided isolation of apigenin with GABAâ€benzodiazepine activity from Tanacetum parthenium. Phytotherapy Research 23(11):1642-1644. |
|
|
Jager AK, Saaby L (2011). Flavonoids and the CNS. Molecules 16(2):1471-1485. |
|
|
Jensen TS (2006). Translation of symptoms and signs into mechanisms in neuropathic pain. Frontiers in Headache Research 14:51. |
|
|
Jergova S, Hentall ID, Gajavelli S, Varghese MS, Sagen J (2012). Intraspinal transplantation of GABAergic neural progenitors attenuates neuropathic pain in rats: a pharmacologic and neurophysiological evaluation. Experimental neurology 234(1):39-49. |
|
|
Ji RR, Woolf CJ (2001). Neuronal plasticity and signal transduction in nociceptive neurons: implications for the initiation and maintenance of pathological pain. Neurobiology of disease 8(1):1-10. |
|
|
Jin SX, Zhuang ZY, Woolf CJ, Ji RR (2003). p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase is activated after a spinal nerve ligation in spinal cord microglia and dorsal root ganglion neurons and contributes to the generation of neuropathic pain. The Journal of neuroscience 23(10):4017-4022. |
|
|
Kandhare AD, Raygude KS, Ghosh P, Ghule AE, Bodhankar SL (2012). Neuroprotective effect of naringin by modulation of endogenous biomarkers in streptozotocin induced painful diabetic neuropathy. Fitoterapia 83(4):650-659. |
|
|
Kim HP, Son KH, Chang HW, Kang SS (2004). Anti-inflammatory plant flavonoids and cellular action mechanisms. Journal of pharmacological sciences 96(3):229-245. |
|
|
Knabl J, Witschi R, Hosl K, Reinold H, Zeilhofer UB, Ahmadi S, Brockhaus J, Sergejeva M, Hess A, Brune K (2008). Reversal of pathological pain through specific spinal GABAA receptor subtypes. Nature 451(7176):330-334. |
|
|
Lai J, Hunter JC, Porreca F (2003). The role of voltage-gated sodium channels in neuropathic pain. Current opinion in neurobiology 13(3):291-297. |
|
|
Lindenlaub T, Sommer C (2003). Cytokines in sural nerve biopsies from inflammatory and non-inflammatory neuropathies. Acta neuropathologica 105(6):593-602. |
|
|
Liu HL, WB Jiang, Xie MX (2010). Flavonoids: recent advances as anticancer drugs. Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery 5(2):152-164. |
|
|
Luk KC, Stern L, Weigele M, O'Brien RA, Spirt N (1983). Isolation and identification of" diazepam-like" compounds from bovine urine. Journal of natural products 46(6):852-861. |
|
|
Ma W, Eisenach J (2003). Cyclooxygenase 2 in infiltrating inflammatory cells in injured nerve is universally up-regulated following various types of peripheral nerve injury. Neuroscience 121(3):691-704. |
|
|
Malan TP, Mata HP, Porreca F (2002). Spinal GABA (A) and GABA (B) receptor pharmacology in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Anesthesiology 96(5):1161-1167. |
|
|
Marder M, Paladini AC (2002). GABA(A)-receptor ligands of flavonoid structure. Current topics in medicinal chemistry 2(8):853-867. |
|
|
Marder M, Viola H, Wasowski C, Wolfman C, Waterman PG, Cassels BK, Medina JH, Paladini AC (1996). 6-Bromoflavone, a high affinity ligand for the central benzodiazepine receptors is a member of a family of active flavonoids. Biochemical and biophysical research communications 223(2):384-389. |
|
|
McCarson KE, Enna S (2014). GABA pharmacology: The search for analgesics. Neurochemical Research 39(10):1948-1963. |
|
|
McKemy DD, Neuhausser WM, Julius D (2002). Identification of a cold receptor reveals a general role for TRP channels in thermosensation. Nature 416(6876):52-58. |
|
|
Medina JH, Viola H, Wolfman C, Marder M, Wasowski C, Calvo D, Paladini AC (1997). Overview-flavonoids: a new family of benzodiazepine receptor ligands. Neurochemical research 22(4):419-425. |
|
|
Melzack R, Wall PD (1967). Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Survey of Anesthesiology 11(2):89-90. |
|
|
Meotti FC, Missau FC, Ferreira J, Pizzolatti MG, Mizuzaki C, Nogueira CW, Santos AR (2006). Anti-allodynic property of flavonoid myricitrin in models of persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain in mice. Biochemical Pharmacology 72(12):1707-1713. |
|
|
Middleton E, Kandaswami C (1992). Effects of flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell functions. Biochemical Pharmacology 43(6):1167-1179. |
|
|
Middleton Jr E (1998). Effect of plant flavonoids on immune and inflammatory cell function. Flavonoids in the Living System. Springer pp. 175-182. |
|
|
Minami T, Uda R, Horiguchi S, Ito S, Hyodo M, Hayaishi O (1992). Allodynia evoked by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin F 2α to conscious mice. Pain 50(2):223-229. |
|
|
Minami T, Uda R, Horiguchi S, Ito S, Hyodo M, Hayaishi O (1994). Allodynia evoked by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin E2 to conscious mice. Pain 57(2):217-223. |
|
|
Moore KA, Kohno T, Karchewski LA, Scholz J, Baba H, Woolf CJ (2002). Partial peripheral nerve injury promotes a selective loss of GABAergic inhibition in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord. The Journal of neuroscience 22(15):6724-6731. |
|
|
Nelson CW, Wei EP, Povlishock JT, Kontos HA, Moskowitz MA (1992). Oxygen radicals in cerebral ischemia. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263(5):H1356-H1362. |
|
|
Ognibene E, Bovicelli P, Adriani W, Saso L, Laviola G (2008). Behavioral effects of 6-bromoflavanone and 5-methoxy-6, 8-dibromoflavanone as anxiolytic compounds. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 32(1):128-134. |
|
|
Orhan DD, Ozcelik B, Ozgen S, Ergun F (2010). Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities of some flavonoids. Microbiological research 165(6):496-504. |
|
|
Ossipov MH, Dussor GO, Porreca F (2010). Central modulation of pain. The Journal of clinical investigation 120(11):3779-3787. |
|
|
Pal D, Verma P (2013). Flavonoids: A powerful and abundant source of antioxidants. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 5(3):95-98. |
|
|
Paladini A, Marder M, Viola H, Wolfman C, Wasowski C, Medina J (1999). Flavonoids and the central nervous system: from forgotten factors to potent anxiolytic compounds. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 51(5):519-526. |
|
|
Patapoutian A, Peier AM, Story GM, Viswanath V (2003). ThermoTRP channels and beyond: mechanisms of temperature sensation. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 4(7):529-539. |
|
|
Persohn E, Malherbe P, Richards J (1991). In situ hybridization histochemistry reveals a diversity of GABA A receptor subunitmRNAs in neurons of the rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. Neuroscience 42(2):497-507. |
|
|
Peterson J, Dwyer J (1998). Flavonoids: dietary occurrence and biochemical activity. Nutrition Research 18(12):1995-2018. |
|
|
Price G, Wilkin G, Turnbull M, Bowery N (1984). Are baclofen-sensitive GABAB receptors present on primary afferent terminals of the spinal cord? Nature 304(5946):71. |
|
|
Price MP, McIlwrath SL, Xie J, Cheng C, Qiao J, Tarr DE, Sluka KA, Brennan TJ, Lewin GR, Welsh MJ (2001). The DRASIC cationchannel contributes to the detection of cutaneous touch and acid stimuli in mice. Neuron 32(6):1071-1083. |
|
|
Rasmussen PV, Sindrup SH, Jensen TS, Bach FW (2004). Symptoms and signs in patients with suspected neuropathic pain. Pain 110(1):461-469. |
|
|
Reeve AJ, Dickenson AH, Kerr NC (1998). Spinal effects of bicuculline: modulation of an allodynia-like state by an A1-receptor agonist, morphine, and an NMDA-receptor antagonist. Journal of neurophysiology 79(3):1494-1507. |
|
|
Ren L, Wang F, Xu Z, Chan WM, Zhao C, Xue H (2010). GABAA receptor subtype selectivity underlying anxiolytic effect of 6-hydroxyflavone. Biochemical Pharmacology 79(9):1337-1344. |
|
|
Riley R, Trafton J, Chi S, Basbaum A (2001). Presynaptic regulation of spinal cord tachykinin signaling via GABA B but not GABA A receptor activation. Neuroscience 103(3):725-737. |
|
|
Rudolph U, Mohler H (2006). GABA-based therapeutic approaches: GABAA receptor subtype functions. Current Opinion in Pharmacology 6(1):18-23. |
|
|
Schreiber AK, Nones CF, Reis RC, Chichorro JG, Cunha JM (2015). Diabetic neuropathic pain: physiopathology and treatment. World journal of diabetes 6(3):432. |
|
|
Semyanov A, Walker MC, Kullmann DM (2003). GABA uptake regulates cortical excitability via cell type-specific tonic inhibition. Nature neuroscience 6(5):484-490. |
|
|
Shahid M, Subhan F, Ahmad N, Sewell RD (2017). The flavonoid 6-methoxyflavone allays cisplatin-induced neuropathic allodynia and hypoalgesia. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 95:1725-1733. |
|
|
Shoskes DA (1998). Effect of Bioflavonoids Quercetin and Curcumin on Ischemic Renal Injury: A New Class of Renoprotective Agents1. Transplantation 66(2):147-152. |
|
|
Shutenko Z, Henry Y, Pinard E, Seylaz J, Potier P, Berthet F, Girard P, Sercombe R (1999). Influence of the antioxidant quercetin in vivo on the level of nitric oxide determined by electron paramagnetic resonance in rat brain during global ischemia and reperfusion. Biochemical Pharmacology 57(2):199-208. |
|
|
Sivilotti L, Woolf CJ (1994). The contribution of GABAA and glycine receptors to central sensitization: disinhibition and touch-evoked allodynia in the spinal cord. Journal of Neurophysiology 72(1):169-179. |
|
|
Sommer C (2003). Painful neuropathies. Current Opinion in Neurology 16(5):623-628. |
|
|
Sommer C, Schmidt C, George A (1998). Hyperalgesia in experimental neuropathy is dependent on the TNF receptor 1. Experimental neurology 151(1):138-142. |
|
|
Stubley LA, Martinez MA, Karmally S, Lopez T, Cejas P, Eaton MJ (2001). Only early intervention with gamma-aminobutyric acid cell therapy is able to reverse neuropathic pain after partial nerve injury. Journal of neurotrauma 18(4):471-477. |
|
|
Tal M, Bennett GJ (1994). Extra-territorial pain in rats with a peripheral mononeuropathy: mechano-hyperalgesia and mechano-allodynia in the territory of an uninjured nerve. Pain 57(3):375-382. |
|
|
Tracey D, Walker J (1995). Pain due to nerve damage: are inflammatory mediators involved. Inflammation Research 44(10):407-411. |
|
|
Treede R, Jensen T, Campbell J, Cruccu G, Dostrovsky J, Griffin J, Hansson P, Hughes R, Nurmikko T, Serra J (2008). Redefinition of neuropathic pain and a grading system for clinical use: consensus statement on clinical and research diagnosis criteria. Neurology 70:1360-1365. |
|
|
Tucker AP, Mezzatesta J, Nadeson R, Goodchild CS (2004). Intrathecal midazolam II: combination with intrathecal fentanyl for labor pain. Anesthesia & Analgesia 98(6):1521-1527. |
|
|
Turner MS (2003). Intrathecal drug delivery 2002. Neurosurgical Re-Engineering of the Damaged Brain and Spinal Cord. Springer pp. 29-35. |
|
|
Tyson JA, Anderson SA (2014). GABAergic interneuron transplants to study development and treat disease. Trends in Neurosciences 37(3):169-177. |
|
|
Uda R, Horiguchi S, Ito S, Hyodo M, Hayaishi O (1990). Nociceptive effects induced by intrathecal administration of prostaglandin D2, E2, or F2α to conscious mice. Brain research 510(1):26-32. |
|
|
Ultenius C, Linderoth B, Meyerson BA, Wallin J (2006). Spinal NMDA receptor phosphorylation correlates with the presence of neuropathic signs following peripheral nerve injury in the rat. Neuroscience letters 399(1):85-90. |
|
|
Uphoff J, Binder A (2006). No adrenergic sensitization of afferent neurons in painful sensory polyneuropathy. Journal of Neurology 253(3):280-286. |
|
|
Vidyalakshmi K, Kamalakannan P, Viswanathan S, Ramaswamy S (2010). Antinociceptive effect of certain dihydroxy flavones in mice. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 96(1):1-6. |
|
|
Viola H, Wolfman C, Marder M, Goutman J, Bianchin M, Wasowski C, Calvo D, Izquierdo I, Paladini A, Medina J (2000). 6-Chloro-3′-nitroflavone is a potent ligand for the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABAA receptor devoid of intrinsic activity. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 65(2):313-320. |
|
|
Wafford KA. (2005). GABA A receptor subtypes: any clues to the mechanism of benzodiazepine dependence? Current Opinion in Pharmacology 5(1):47-52. |
|
|
Wang D, Tang W, Yang GM, Cai BC (2010). Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Flavonoids from Oxytropis falcata Bunge. Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 8(6):461-465. |
|
|
Wang Y, Chen P, Tang C, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang H (2014). Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of extract and two isolated flavonoids of Carthamus tinctorius L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 151(2):944-950. |
|
|
Wolfman C, Viola H, Marder M, Ardenghi P, Wasowski C, Schroeder N, Izquierdo I, Ruveda E, Paladini A, Medina J (1998). Pharmacological characterization of 6-bromo-3′-nitroflavone, a synthetic flavonoid with high affinity for the benzodiazepine receptors. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 61(3):239-246. |
|
|
Wasner G, Schattschneider J, Binder A, Baron R (2004). Topical menthol-a human model for cold pain by activation and sensitization of C nociceptors. Brain 127(5):1159-1171. |
|
|
Woolf CJ (2011). Central sensitization: implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain. Pain 152(3):S2-S15. |
|
|
Yaksh TL (1989). Behavioral and autonomic correlates of the tactile evoked allodynia produced by spinal glycine inhibition: effects of modulatory receptor systems and excitatory amino acid antagonists. Pain 37(1):111-123. |
|
|
Yamamoto T, Yaksh TL (1993). Effects of intrathecal strychnine and bicuculline on nerve compression-induced thermal hyperalgesia and selective antagonism by MK-801. Pain 54(1):79-84. |
|
|
Yao N, Song A, Wang X, Dixon S, Lam KS (2007). Synthesis of flavonoid analogues as scaffolds for natural product-based combinatorial libraries. Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry 9(4):668-676. |
|
|
Yu LL, Zhou KK, Parry J (2005). Antioxidant properties of cold-pressed black caraway, carrot, cranberry, and hemp seed oils. Food Chemistry 91(4):723-729. |
|
|
Zeilhofer HU (2008). Loss of glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition in chronic pain-contributions of inflammation and microglia. International immunopharmacology 8(2):182-187. |
|
|
Zeilhofer HU, Mohler H, Di Lio A (2009). GABAergic analgesia: new insights from mutant mice and subtype-selective agonists. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 30(8):397-402. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
