African Journal of
Political Science and International Relations

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Pol. Sci. Int. Relat.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0832
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 403

Full Length Research Paper

The impact of China on the agency and negotiating power of African countries: Cases of Angola and Niger

Dramane Thiombiano
  • Dramane Thiombiano
  • Department of Bachelor in International Management, College of management National Yun Lin University of Science and Technology Taiwan, Province of China.
  • Google Scholar
Zhengke Zhang
  • Zhengke Zhang
  • Institute of African Studies, Najing University, China.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 02 November 2018
  •  Accepted: 05 December 2019
  •  Published: 31 March 2020

References

Afrique Chine.Net (2012). L"Afrique se tourne vers la Chine pour son financement.

 

Alden C (2007). China Into Africa.

 
 

Alexander JC (1988). Action and Its Environment. New York: Columbia University Press.

 
 

Bayart JF (1993). The State in Africa: the politics of the belly (p. 51). London: Longman.

 
 

Bell J (2014). Doing Your Research Project: A guide for first-time researchers. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

 
 

Booth D (2011). More Realistic Approaches to Governance: Expanding the Spectrum of Reform' in Governance for Development. http://blogs.worldbank.org/governance. Washington, DC: World Bank. 15 March.

 
 

Booth David (ed.) (2003). Fighting Poverty in Africa: Are PRSPs Making a Difference? London: Overseas Development Institute.

 
 

Bräutigam D (2009).The Dragon's Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. Oxford University Press: New York.

 
 

Bräutigam D (2010). China, Africa and the International Aid Structure. African Development Bank Group. April.

 
 

Bromley S (2008). American power and the prospects for international order. Polity.

 
 

Brown W, Harman S (2013). African agency in international politics. In African agency in international politics (pp. 15-30). Routledge.
Crossref

 
 

Burgis T (2015). The Looting Machine: Warlords, Oligarchs, Corporations, Smugglers, and the Theft of Africa's Wealth. Public Affairs.

 
 

Campos I, Vines A (2008). Angola and China: a pragmatic partnership (p. 5). Royal Institute of International Affairs.

 
 

Carlsnaes W (1992). The agency-structure problem in foreign policy analysis. International Studies Quarterly 36(3):245-270.
Crossref

 
 

Chevallier R (2011). Towards the climate change Summit in Durban: The role of the South African government as an agent of change in Africa. Paper presented to the seminar, African Agency: Transnational security challenges: migration health and climate change, University of Kent June 16th 2011).

 
 

Clapham C (1996). Africa and the international system: The politics of state survival (Vol. 50). Cambridge University Press.
Crossref

 
 

Cohen KR (2017). Agent/agency; The Chicago School of Media Theory, retrieved from 

View

 
 

Corkin L (2008b). "China's interest in Angola's infrastructure and construction sectors" China's New Role in Africa and the South, Dorothy-Grace Guerrero and Firoze Manji (eds), Oxford: Fahamu, pp. 157-190.

 
 

Corkin L (2013). Uncovering African Agency: Angola's Management of China's Credit Lines. Farnham: Ashgate.

 
 

Creswell JW, Poth CN (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.

 
 

De Haan A. (2010). The new presence of China in Africa.
Crossref

 
 

Easterly William (2006a). Are Aid Agencies Improving? Unpublished manuscript
Crossref

 
 

Evans CT, Montaner B (2012). Amadou Hampâté Bâ and the Uncertain Fortunes of French West Africa [blog post]. 

 
 

Hoste JC (2011) 'Where was united Africa in the Climate Change negotiations?' Africa Policy Brief, Egmont Institute, Belgium (paper presented to the seminar, Emerging Agents of Change? Africa in International Negotiations, Chatham House, London, February 3rd 2011).

 
 

Huntington S 1999. The lonely super power. Foreign Affairs 78(2): 35-49
Crossref

 
 

Ibrahim A (2015). Tam-tam Info.

 
 

John S (2012). China's Chad Courtship. The Diplomat. Retrieved from 

View

 
 

Kalu NE (2012). Understanding Africa's China Policy: A Test of Dependency Theory and a Study of African Motivations in Increasing Engagement with China.

 
 

Karshenas M (2000). Aid Effectiveness, Coordination Failures, and Ownership.

 
 

Killick Tony (1998). Aid and the Political Economy of Policy Change. London: Routledge/ODI.
Crossref

 
 

Klein G (2012). La chine investit en Afrique.

 
 

Koeberle S, Harold B, Peter S, Geor V (eds.) (2005). Conditionality Revisited: Concepts, Experiences, and Lessons. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Crossref

 
 

Lee D (2011) 'African activism in the WTO: How effective diplomatic agency can (sometimes) overcome structural power constraints in the global trade regime'. (paper presented to the seminar, Emerging Agents of Change? Africa in International Negotiations, Chatham House, London, February 3rd 2011).

 
 

Leigh L, Xiao Y, Klein N (2009). IMF survey: IMF lends Angola 1.4 Billion to support Reserves. Reforms, International Monetary Fund African department, retrieved from 

View

 
 

Mahoney J (2010). The Sino-Kenyan Relationship: An Analysis of African Motivation for Engaging with China (Doctoral dissertation, BA Thesis). http://library. williams. edu/theses/pdf. php).

 
 

Masina Lameck (2008). "Chinese Envoy's Remarks on Malawi Breed Resentment, VOA News, March 28.

 
 

Mehari TM (2019, January 6). Why Africa loves China. Aljazeera. Retrieved from 

View

 
 

Michel S, Beuret M (2009). China safari: on the trail of Beijing's expansion in Africa. Bold Type Books, 2009.

 
 

Mohan G, Lampert B (2013). Negotiating china: reinserting African agency into china-Africa relations. African Affairs 112(446):92-110.
Crossref

 
 

Moyo D (2009). Dead aid: Why aid is not working and how there is a better way for Africa. Macmillan.

 
 

NAÍM M (2007). Help Not Wanted, New York Times, Feb.15.2007, retrieved at 

View

 
 

Odoom I (2017). Dam in, cocoa out; pipes in, oil out: China's engagement in Ghana's energy sector. Journal of Asian and African studies 52(5):598-620.
Crossref

 
 

Offiong DA (1997). Conflict resolution among the Ibibio of Nigeria. Journal of Anthropological Research 53(4):423-441.
Crossref

 
 

Onishi N (2002). Senegalese loner works to build Africa, his way. New York Times, 10.

 
 

Popper KR (1945). The open society and its enemies, volume two: Hegel and Marx. Routledge Classics, New York.

 
 

Public Finance International (2012). IMF to make Angola loan despite $32 billion accounts gap retrieved from 

View

 
 

Radio France International (2011). Appeal trial begins in Angolagate arms for oil scandal retrieved from 

View

 
 

Speech by Ambassador Liu Guijin at the seminar on China-Africa Relationsheld by ISS (2004, November 15). Retrieved from 

View

 
 

Taylor I (2007). Unpacking China's resource diplomacy in Africa. China in Africa 35(10):1-34.
Crossref

 
 

The Economist (2008). Angola-gate: Relation between Angola and France remain troubled 

View

 
 

The Guardian (2014). Niger fails to reach uranium mining deal with French nuclear firm Areva 

View.

 
 

Van de Walle Nicolas, Timothy A Johnston (1996) Improving Aid to Africa. Washington, DC: Overseas Development Council.

 
 

Vollgraaff R (2010). WEF: Africa can't eat Democracy'. Fin24 online.

 
 

Whitfield L, Fraser A (2010). Negotiating Aid: The structural conditions shaping the negotiating strategies of African governments. International Negotiation 15(3):341-366.
Crossref

 
 

Wight C (1999). They shoot dead horses don't they? Locating agency in the agent-structure problematique. European Journal of International Relations 5(1):109-142.
Crossref

 
 

Xinhua (2016). China offers aid to development projects in Niger, retrieved at 

View

 
 

Yang MMH (1994). Gifts, favors, and banquets: The art of social relationships in China. Cornell University Press.

 
 

Youde JR (2007). Why look east? Zimbabwean foreign policy and China. Africa Today 53(3):3-19.
Crossref

 
 

Zhu Y (2010). Trade, capital flows and external balance: is China unique in two hundred years of globalization? Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies 8(1):1-22.
Crossref

 
 

Zondi S (2011). Africa in Multilateral Negotiations: A Critique of African Common Positions'. Paper presented to the seminar, Emerging Agents of Change? Africa in International Negotiations, Chatham House, London, February 3rd 2011.