Abstract

The ethanolic and n-hexane extracts of leaves, fruits and bark of Zanthoxylum armatumwere evaluated for their antimicrobial potential against bacteria (Micrococcus leutus,Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasturella multcidia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Bacillus subtilis, and Streptococcus viridians) and fungi (Trichophyton longifusis, Candida albicans, Fusarium solani, Microsporum canis, Aspergillus flavus and Candida glabrata). The total flavonoids and phenolic contents were also quantified in ethanolic extract of all parts. The ZLE extract showed highest inhibition against M. leutus (18.00 ± 0.71 mm), P. multocida (18.00 ± 0.71 mm), E. coli (17.00 ± 0.71) and B. subtilis (15.33 ± 0.81 mm). The ZFE showed topmost action against M. leutus (21.33 ± 0.41 mm) and P. multocida (18.33 ± 0.41 mm) while the ZFH showed inhibitory action against M. leutus (19.67 ± 0.41 mm) as compared to other tests species. The ZBH extract was found active against M. leutus(20.33 ± 0.41 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for most of the bacterial species were found to be 0.65 µg/ml. The crude ethanolic and n-hexane of all parts were proved a rich source of fungicidal effect. Highest flavonoids was found in ethanolic extract of Z. armatum fruit (ZFE) (22.8 ± 1.33 mg/g) followed by ethanolic extract of Z. armatum bark (ZBE) (18.33 ± 1.22 mg/g) while highest phenolic contents were found in ZFE (21.68 ± 0.44 mg/g) followed by ZBE (16.48 ± 1.33 mg/g).

Key words: Zanthoxylum armatum, antimicrobial, MIC, phenolic, flavoniods.

Abbreviation

ZLE, Ethanolic extract of Zanthoxylum armatum leaves; ZLH, n- hexane extract of Zanthoxylum armatum leaves; ZBE, ethanolic extract of Zanthoxylum armatumbark; ZBH, n- hexane extract of Zanthoxylum armatum bark; ZFE, ethanolic extract ofZanthoxylum armatum fruit, ZFH, n- hexane extract of Zanthoxylum armatum fruit.