Full Length Research Paper
References
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (1999). Toxicological profile for cadmium. US Department of Human and Health Services. | ||||
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2013). Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/spl/index.html. | ||||
Ahmed RS, Steh V, Banerjee BD (2000). Influence of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinales Rosc) on antioxidant defense system in rat, comparison with ascorbic acid. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 38:604-606. Pubmed |
||||
Al-Amin ZM, Thomson M, Al-Qattan KK, Peltonen-Shalaby R, Ali M (2006). Anti-diabetic and hypolipidaemic properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Brit. J. Nutr. 96:660-666. Crossref |
||||
Ali BH, Blunden G, Tanira MO, Nemmar A (2008). Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinales Roscoe): a review of recent research. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46:409-420. Crossref |
||||
Aster J, Kumar V, Robbins SL, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Cotran RS (2010). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. Saunders/Elsevier. pp. 33340-33341. | ||||
Attia AMM, Ibrahim FAA, Nabil GM, Aziz SW (2013). Antioxidant effects of whole ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) against lead acetate- induced hematotoxicity in rats. J. Med. Plants Res. 7:1108-1113. | ||||
Attia AMM, Nabil GM, Ibrahim FA, Hassan NS (2011a). Multi-component spectrophotometric determination of inactive and active haemoglobins in rat and mice blood. Rom. J. Biophys. 21:267-276. | ||||
Attia AMM, Sayed AM, Ibrahim FA, Mohammed AS, El-Alfy MS (2011b). Effects of antioxidant vitamins on some hemoglobin properties and erythrocytes in homozygous beta-thalassemia. Rom. J. Biophys. 21:1-16. | ||||
Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Stohs SJ, Ray SD, Kuszynski CA, Pruess HG (2000). Free radicals and grape seed proathocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicol. 148:187-197. Crossref |
||||
Balachandran S, Kentish SE, Mawson R (2006). The effect of both preparation method and season on the supercritical extraction of ginger. Sep. Purif. Technol. 48:94-105. Crossref |
||||
Baliga MS, Latheef L, Haniadka R, Fazal F, Chacko J, Arora R (2013). Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in the treatment and prevention of Arthritis. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases. pp. 529-544. Crossref |
||||
Bauer R, Demeter I, Hasemann V, Johansen JT (1980). Structural properties of the zinc site in Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase; perturbed angular correlation of gamma ray spectroscopy on the Cu, 111Cd-superoxide dismutase derivative. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 94:1296-1302. Crossref |
||||
Bauman JW, Liu J, Klaassen CD (1993). Production of metallothionein and heat-shock proteins in response to metals. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 21:15-22. Crossref |
||||
Bersenyi A, Feket SG, Szocs Z, Berta E (2003). Effect of ingested heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Hg) on hematology and serum biochemistry in rabbits. Acta Vet. Hung. 51:297-304. Crossref |
||||
Cappellini MD, Fiorelli G (2008). Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Lancet 371:64-74. Crossref |
||||
Casalino E, Calzaretti G, Sblano C, Landriscina C (2002). Molecular inhibitory mechanisms of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver and kidney by cadmium. Toxicology 30:37-50. Crossref |
||||
Chen Ch, Kuo M, Wu Ch, Ho Ch (1986). Pungent compounds of ginger (Zingiber officinale (L) Rosc) extracted by liquid carbon dioxide. J. Agric. Food Chem. 34:477-480. Crossref |
||||
Dallak M (2009). Camel's milk protects against cadmium chloride-induced hypochromic microcytic anemia and oxidative stress in red blood cells of white albino rats. Am. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 4:136-143. Crossref |
||||
Deponte M (2013). Glutathione catalysis and the reaction mechanisms of glutathione-dependent enzymes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1830:3217-3266. Crossref |
||||
Douglas KT (1987). Mechanism of action of glutathione-dependent enzymes. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 59:103-167. Pubmed |
||||
El-Sokkary GH, Nafady AA, Shabash EH (2009). Melatonin ameliorates cadmium-induced oxidative damage and morphological changes in the kidney of rat. Open Neuroendocrinol. J. 2:1-9. Crossref |
||||
Ercal N, Gurer-Orhan H, Aykin-Burns N (2001). Toxic metals and oxidative stress. Part I. Mechanisms involved in metal-induced oxidative damage. Curr. Trop. Med. Chem. 1:529-539. Crossref |
||||
Eybl V, Sykora J, Koutensky J, Caisova D, Schwartz A, Mertl E (1984). Interaction of chelating agents with cadmium in mice and rats. Environ. Health Perspect. 54:267-273. Crossref |
||||
Goldberg DM, Spooner RJ (1983). Methods of enzymatic analysis (Bergmeyen HV. Ed.), 3rd edn. Vol 3, Verlag Chemie, Deerfield beach, Fl. pp. 258-265. | ||||
Grose EC, Richards JH, Jaskot RH, Menache MG, Graham JA, Dauterman WC (1987). Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase activity in rat lung and liver following cadmium. Toxicology 44:171-179. Crossref |
||||
Habeebu SS, Liu J, Klaassen CD (1998). Cadmium-induced apoptosis in mouse liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 149:203-209. Crossref |
||||
Habig W, Pabst M, Jakoby W (1974). Colorimetric determination of glutathione-S-transferase activity. J. Biol. Chem. 249:7130-7139. Pubmed |
||||
Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1990). Role of free-radicals and catalytic metal-ions in human-disease-an overview. Method Enzymol. 186:1-85. Crossref |
||||
Hardison RC (1996). A brief history of hemoglobins: plant, animal, protest, and bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 93:5675-5679. Crossref |
||||
Herrman K (1994). Antioxidativ wirksame Pflanzenphenole sowie Carotinoide als wichtige Inhaltsstoffe von Gewürzen. Gordian 94:113-117. | ||||
Hiruku Y, Kawanishi S (1996). Mechanism of oxidative DNA damage induced by delta-aminolevulinic acid in the presence of copper ion. Cancer Res. 56:1786-1793. | ||||
Horiguchi H, Sato M, Konno N, Fukushima M (1996). Long-term cadmium exposure induces anemia in rats through hypoinduction of erythropoietin in the kidneys. Arch. Toxicol. 71:11-19. Crossref |
||||
Ikediobi CO, Badisa VL, Ayuk-Takem LT, Latinwo LM, West J (2004). Response of antioxidant enzymes and redox metabolites to cadmium-induced oxidative stress in CRL-1439 normal rat liver cells. Int. J. Mol. Med. 14:87-92. Pubmed |
||||
Jarup L, Alfven T, Persson B, Toss G, Elinder CG (1998). Cadmium may be a risk factor for osteoporosis. Occup. Environ. Med. 55:435-439. Crossref |
||||
Jeena K, Liju VB, Kuttan R (2011). A preliminary 13-week oral toxicity study of ginger oil in male and female Wistar rats. Int. J. Toxicol. 30:662-670. Crossref |
||||
Jones MM, Cherian MG (1990). The search for chelate antagonists for chronic cadmium intoxication. Toxicology 62:1-25. Crossref |
||||
Kanter M, Aksu B, Akpolat M, Tarladacalisir YT, Aktas C. Uysal H (2009). Vitamin E protects against oxidative damage caused by cadmium in the blood of rats. Eur. J. Gen. Med. 6:154-160. | ||||
Kanter M, Coskun O, Gurel A (2005). Effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa) on cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the blood of rats. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 107:277-287. Crossref |
||||
Khaki A, Fathiazad F, Nouri M, Khaki AA, Chelar C, Ozanci C, Ghafari-Novin M, Hamadeh M (2009). The effects of ginger on spermatogenesis and sperm parameters of rat. Iranian J. Reprod. Med. 7:7-12. | ||||
Kikuzaki H, Nakatani N (1993). Antioxidant effects of some ginger constituents. J. Food Sci. 58:1407-1410. Crossref |
||||
Kornberg A (1955). Methods in Enzymology Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York. P 323. | ||||
Kostić MM, Ognjanović B, Zikić RV, Stajn A, Rosic GL, Zivkovic RV (1993). Cadmium-induced changes of antioxidant and metabolic status in red blood cells of rats: in vivo effects. Eur. J. Haematol. 51:86-92. Crossref |
||||
Laboratory Animal Facilities, Laboratory Biosafety Manual, second edition (revised), (2003). World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. pp. 22-24. | ||||
Leaver MJ, George SG (1998). A piscine glutathione S-transferase which efficiently conjugates the end-products of lipid peroxidation. Mar. Environ. Res. 46:71-74. Crossref |
||||
Masuda Y, Kikuzaki H, Hisamoto M, Nikatani N (2004). Antioxidant properties of gingerol related compounds from ginger. BioFactors 21:293-296. Crossref |
||||
Matés JM, Segura JA, Alonso FJ, Márquez J (2010). Roles of dioxins and heavy metals in cancer and neurological diseases using ROS-mediated mechanisms. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 49:1328-1341. Crossref |
||||
Matés JM, Segura JA, Alonso FJ, Márquez J (2011). Anticancer antioxidant regulatory functions of phytochemicals. Curr. Med. Chem. 18:2315-2338. Crossref |
||||
Meister A (1988). Glutathione metabolism and its selective modification. J. Biol. Chem. 263:17205-17208. Pubmed |
||||
Messaoudi I, Hammouda F, El Heni J, Baati T, Said K, Kerkeni A (2010). Reversal of cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes by selenium, zinc or their combination. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 62:281-288. Crossref |
||||
Miller JK, Brzezinska-Slebodzinska E, Madsen FC (1993). Oxidative stress, antioxidant and animal function. J. Dairy Sci. 76:2812-2823. Crossref |
||||
Min-Ji B, Seon O, Mira J, Woo-Sik J (2012). 6-shogaol-rich extract from ginger up-regulates the antioxidant defense systems in cells and mice. Molecules 17:8037-8055. Crossref |
||||
Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayes PA, Rodwell VW (1996). Lipids of physiologic significance: Harper's Biochemistry, 24th edition. Appleton and Lange, Norwalk, Connecticut, Los Altos, California. pp. 119, 155. | ||||
Nagendra Chari KL, Manasa D, Srinivas P, Sowbhagya HB (2013). Enzyme-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Food Chem. 139:509-514. Crossref |
||||
Oakley A (2011). Glutathione transferases: a structural perspective. Drug Metab. Rev. 43:138-151. Crossref |
||||
Ognjanović BI, Pavlović SZ, Ikić Tajan RVA, Maletić SD, SaiÄić ZS, Petrović VM (2000). The enzyme activities and blood hematological values of rats exposed to cadmium. Kragujevac J. Sci. 22:93-99. | ||||
Ognjanović BI, Pavlović Z, Maletić SD, Zikić RV, Štajn AŠ, RadojiÄić RM, SaiÄić ZS, Petrović VM (2003). Protective influence of vitamin E on antioxidant defense system in the blood of rats treated with cadmium. Physiol. Res. 52:563-570. Pubmed |
||||
Ognjanović BI, Zikić RV, Štajn AŠ, SaiÄić ZS, Kostić MM, Petrović VM (1995). The effects of selenium on the antioxidant defense system in the liver of rats exposed to cadmium. Physiol. Res. 44:293-300. Pubmed |
||||
Oh SY, Lee J, Lee JS, Seo S, Ma J (2012). An aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale Roscoe protects mouse primary hepatic cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Biotechnol. Bioprocess. Eng. 17:168-175. Crossref |
||||
Onwuka FC, Erhabor O, Eteng MU, Umoh IB (2010). Ameliorative effect of cabbage extract on cadmium-induced changes on hematology and biochemical parameters of albino rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci. 2:11-16. | ||||
Onwuka FC, Erhabor O, Eteng MU, Umoh IB (2011). Protective effects of ginger toward cadmium-induced tests and kidney lipid peroxidation and hematological impairment in albino rats. J. Med. Food. 14:817-821. Crossref |
||||
Paglia DE, Valentine WN (1967). Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 70:158-169. Pubmed |
||||
Pavlovic SZ, Ognjanović BI, Stajn AS, Zikić RV, SaiÄić ZS, Petrović VM (2001). The effect of coenzyme Q10 on blood ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and lipid peroxide in chronic cadmium intoxication. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 20:133-140. Crossref |
||||
Prabhu AN, Shivashankara AR, Haniadka R, Palatty PL, Prabhu D, Baliga MS (2013). Antiatherogenic effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): Scientific observations and ethnomedicinal validation. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Cardiovascular Disease. pp. 693-704. Crossref |
||||
Rong X, Peng G, Suzuki T, Yang Q, Yamahara J, Li Y (2009). A 35-day gavage safety assessment of ginger in rats. Regul. Toxicol. Pharm. 54:118-123. Crossref |
||||
Sarkar S, Yadav P, Bhatnagar D (1997). Cadmium-induced lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system in rat erythrocytes: the role of antioxidants. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 11:8-13. Crossref |
||||
Sarkar S, Yadav P, Bhatnagar D (1998). Lipid peroxidative damage on cadmium exposure and alterations in antioxidant system in rat erythrocytes: a study with relation to time. Biometals 11:153-157. Crossref |
||||
Sarkar S, Yadav P, Trivedi R, Bansal AK, Bhatnagar D (1995). Cadmium-induced lipid peroxidation and the status of the antioxidant system in rat tissues. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 9:144-149. Crossref |
||||
Satoh K (1978). Serum lipid peroxide in cerebrovascular disorders determined by a new colorimetric method. Clin. Chim. Acta. 90:37-43. Crossref |
||||
Shaikh ZA, Vu TT, Zaman K (1999). Oxidative stress as a mechanism of chronic cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity and protection by antioxidants. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 154:256-263. Crossref |
||||
Shivashankara AR, Haniadka R, Fayad R, Palatty PL, Arora R, Baliga MS (2013). Bioactive food as dietary interventions for liver and gastrointestinal disease. pp. 657-671. Crossref |
||||
Simpkins C, Lloyd T, Li S, Balderman S (1998). Metallothionein-induced increase in mitochondrial inner membrane permeability. J. Surg. Res. 75:30-34. Crossref |
||||
Sinha M, Manna P, Sil PC (2008). Taurine protects the antioxidant defense system in the erythrocytes of cadmium treated mice. BMB Rep. 41:657-663. Crossref |
||||
Stohs SI, Bagchi D, Hassoun E, Bagchi M (2000). Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol. 19:201-213. Pubmed |
||||
Stoilova I, Krastanov A, Stoyanova A, Denev P, Gargova S (2007). Antioxidant activity of a ginger extract (Zingiber officinale). Food Chem. 102:764-770. Crossref |
||||
Swiergosz R, Zakrzewska M, Kapusta KS, Bacia K, Jankowska I (1998). Accumulation of cadmium and its effect on bank vole tissues after chronic exposure. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safe 41:130-136. Crossref |
||||
Tang W, Shaikh ZA (2001). Renal cortical mitochondrial dysfunction upon cadmium metallothionein administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 62:221-235. Crossref |
||||
Tarasub N, Junseecha T, Tarasub C, Devakul Na Ayutthaya W (2012). Protective effects of curcumin, vitamin C, or their combination on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity. J. Basic Clin. Pharm. 3:273-281. Crossref |
||||
Tarasub N, Tarasub C, Devakul Na Ayutthaya W (2011). Protective role of curcumin on cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J. Environ. Chem. Ecotoxicol. 3:17-24. | ||||
Tung HT, Cook FW, Wyatt RD, Hamilton PB (1975). The anemia caused by aflatoxin. Poultry Sci. 54:1962-1969. Crossref |
||||
Waltkins AJ, Kawanishi S, Caughey WS (1985). Autoxidation reactions of hemoglobin A free from other red cell components: A minimal mechanism. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 132:742-751. Crossref |
||||
Wang Y, Fang J, Leonard SS, Rao KM (2004). Cadmium inhibits the electron transfer chain and induces reactive oxygen species. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 36:1434-1443. Crossref |
||||
Zancan KC, Marques MO, Petenate AJ, Meireles MA (2002). Extraction of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) oleoresin with CO2 and co-solvents: a study of the antioxidant action of the extracts. J. Supercrit. Fluid 24:57-67. Crossref |
||||
Zikiċ RV, Stajn A, Ognjanović B, Pavlovic SZ, Saicic ZS (1997). Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes and transaminases in the plasma of carps (Cyprinus carpio L.) exposed to cadmium. Physiol. Res. 46:391-396. Pubmed |
||||
Zikiċ RV, Stajn A, Pavlovic SZ, Ognjanović BI, Saicic ZS (2001). Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in erythrocytes and plasma transaminases of goldfish (Carassius auratus Gibello Bloch.) exposed to cadmium. Physiol. Res. 50:105-111. Pubmed |
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0