January 2012
Human skin, aging and antioxidants
All health care professionals should have basic information about the structure and function of human skin inorder to be able to determine any type of change in normal skin, diagnose present skin problems and prescribe possible treatment for risk factors. Skin is also called the cutaneous membrane or the integumentry system as it has several accessory organs. In adults the skin has a surface area ranging from 1.2 to 2.2...
January 2012
Metabolic regulation of the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway in Artemisia annua L.
Artemisinin was the most effective antimalarial drug in the world and it was a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Artemisia annua L., Due to its great antimalarial activity but extremely low content of wild-type A. annua plants, many research groups had focused on enhancing the content of artemisinin in A. annua plants. In this review, it mainly...
January 2012
Ethno-botanical importance of Pteridophytes used by the tribe of Pachmarhi, Central India
The present study mainly focuses on the ethno-botanical importance of Pteridophytes which are widely used by the people of the tribe of Pachmarhi, India. As many as 31 pteridophytes plants species belonging to 16 families are presented in this research article. The botanical name, synonyms, family name, local name, habit, part used, and their ethno-botanical uses are provided. The local people of Panarpani, Badkachhar,...
January 2012
Antifungal and antispasmodic activities of the extracts of Euphorbia granulata
The dichloromethane and methanolic extracts of the plant Euphorbia granulata were investigated for their antifungal, antibacterial, phytotoxic, brine-shrimp cytotoxic, antioxidant, spasmolytic (antispasmodic) and acetylcholinestrase inhibitory activities. The dichloromethane extract showed strong inhibition against Microsporum canis (90%) and against Aspergillus flavus (50%). Both the...
January 2012
Anti-infection effects of buckwheat flavonoid extracts (BWFEs) from germinated sprouts
Buckwheat has been used in Chinese traditional medicine or dietary treat against various kinds of cancer for several decades. Germination method was used to elevate the nutritional value of flavonoids in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) sprouts. To examine the growth inhibitory effects of tartary buckwheat flavonoid extracts (BWFEs), MTT assay was applied to detect the cell viability of mammary...
January 2012
Phylogenetics of selected Mentha species on the basis of rps8, rps11 and rps14 chloroplast genes
Mentha is a genus of family Lamiaecae, and is well known for its great medicinal and economic values. It is widely distributed over five continents (excluding Antarctica and South America) of the world. In order to construct the phylogeny and to investigate the genetic variability among seven Mentha species polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) (CAPS) marker...
January 2012
Seed germination as the major conservation issue of endemic Iranian salvia species
In Iran, there is a high diversity of salvia species and accessions which includes 70 species that 40% of them are endemic. The objective of this investigation was to find a practical treatment for germination of salvia species, particularly, endemics and to find conservation issues and appropriate approaches. We observed that there was a huge diversity in color (RGB channels), seed area and 1000-seed weights among the...
January 2012
The effect of Flos lonicerae on caerulein-induced pancreatitis in rats
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; however, there is no specific treatment for this disease. Our objective is to study how Flos Lonicerae, an herbal medicine used for treating inflammation within oriental medicine practices, affects inflammation and acinar cell injury during the early phase of AP. A total of twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated...
January 2012
Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of the leaf methanolic extract of Verbena hastata
The phytochemical screening of the methanolic and dichloromethane extracts of Vebena hastata showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides but these were absent in the n-hexane extract. The methanolic extract exhibited antimicrobial activity againstSalmonella typii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)...
January 2012
Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of allicin and its transformation products.
Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities of allicin and related organo-sulphur products obtained by microwave-assisted transformation of allicin in methanol were studied. The mixture of transformation products of allicin was analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and represents the mixture of ajoenes, vinyldithiins and diallyl disulfide. Cytotoxicity of allicin and its transformation products of...
January 2012
Genetic diversity in Artemisia monosperma and Artemisia judaica populations in Egypt based on morphological, karyological and molecular variations
The analysis of morphological variation and molecular polymorphism as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of ten populations of Artemisia monosperma and Artemisia judaica confirmed the differentiation of A. monosperma and A. judaica as two distinct species and showed wider variations among A. judaica populations compared to those of A. monosperma populations. Karyotype analysis revealed that all A....
January 2012
Effect of irrigation disruption and biological nitrogen on some physiological and morphological characters of leaf in Calendula officinalis L.
To evaluate effect of irrigation disruption on some physiological and morphological characters of Calendula officinalis L., an experiment was conducted as split plot at the research farm of faculty of agriculture urmia, University (latitude 37.53°N, 45.08°E, and 1320 m above sea level), Urmia, Iran in 2010. Treatments, included irrigation (irrigation disruption at first, second, third harvest and...
January 2012
Germination response of threatened African medicinal barberry (Berberis holstii) under light, stratification and temperature treatments
Berberis holstii is the only African representative of the Palearctic genus, Berberis. In Malawi, it is only found on Nyika Plateau where it is intensively and illegally harvested despite legislation banning its collection. Efforts to propagate it by seed have proved futile. This study investigated its germination response under light and stratification treatments. Ripe seeds were germinated under light/dark...
January 2012
Evaluation of dried powder of mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, carcass traits and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in comparison with an antibiotic growth promoter (flavophospholipol) on performance, carcass characteristics and immune responses of broiler chicks. In these trial 180 nine day old mix sexes broiler chicks (Ross 308) were weighed and randomly allocated to 1 of 6 experimental treatments. Each treatment...
January 2012
In-vitro free radical scavenging activities of anthocyanins from three berries
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of anthocyanin extracts from three berries (Lonicera caerulea var. edulis,Vaccinium uliginosum Linn. and Rubus idaeus). The anthocyanins extracted were found to show remarkable scavenging activity on 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)...
January 2012
Influence of postharvest hot water dip treatment on quality of peach fruit (Prunus persica L.)
Effect of hot water dipping and storage time on post harvest behavior that is, pH, weight loss, acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/acid ratio and ascorbic acid content of peach was investigated. Pre-storage heat treatments provide a non-damaging physical treatment, and a relevant strategy, that fits both consumers and growers expectations. pH values decreased with the passage of time while the effect of...
January 2012
Free radical scavenging abilities in vitro and antioxidant activities in vivo of black tea and its main polyphenols
In the present study, in vitro free radical scavenging abilities and in vivo antioxidant activities of Assam black tea extract (ASTE) and theaflavins mixture (TFSM) were investigated. Our results showed that ASTE and TFSM had significant free radical scavenging activities in vitroin a dose-dependent manner, especially 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical and...
January 2012
Variation in contents of major bioactive compounds in Glechoma longituba related to harvesting time and geographic distribution
Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr. (Labiatae) is an important medicinal plant with various pharmacological activities. Current study was carried out to establish the variation pattern in the contents of ethanol-soluble extractive, total flavonoids, ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) in G. longituba in relation to harvesting time and geographical origin. G. longitubawas...
January 2012
Gelam honey acting as a radioprotectant agent in gamma-irradiated human diploid fibroblasts
In this study, the effect of Gelam honey against radiation-induced DNA damage and cell survival rate of human diploid fibroblasts (HDFs) was evaluated. The degree of damaged DNA was determined by Comet assay while Clonogenic assay was used to evaluate cell survival rate. Irradiated Gelam honey at the concentration of 6 mg/ml was used to treat HDFs pre-, during- and post-exposure to 1 Gy of gamma-rays to...
January 2012
Antiproliferative effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Pseuderanthemum palatiferum (Nees) Radlk extracts on the colon cancer cells
Consumption of Moringa oleifera and Pseuderanthemum palatiferum for cancer therapy is becoming popular in Thailand. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the inhibitory effect of the aqueous and ethanol extracts from M. oleifera and P. palatiferum leaves on colon cancer cell proliferation. Prior to the antiproliferative test, primarily safety test of the extracts was...
January 2012
Effect of shiitake [Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler] mushroom on laying performance, egg quality, fatty acid composition and cholesterol concentration of eggs in layer chickens
January 2012
Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial properties of six Sapindaceae members
Free radical scavenging and antibacterial activities were determined for six Sapindaceae members namely: Allophylus africanus, Cardiospermum grandiflorum, Blighia sapida, Blighia unijugata, Deinbollia pinnata and Zanha golungensis used for the treatment of wounds, inflammation and infectious diseases in South Western Nigeria. The antioxidant activities were determined by...
January 2012
Effect of drying techniques on the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of selected fruits
The effect of drying techniques (ambient-drying and oven-drying) on the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of selected fruits (apple (Malus pumila, var. skysuper), plum (Prunus salicina, var. Fezele manani), apricot (Prunus armeniaca L, var. Nuri), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa var. Corona) and mulberry (Morus alba L, var. serrata) were studied. The antioxidant attributes of the...
January 2012
Five chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction from ethanol extract of semen litchi
Five chemical constituents were isolated from the ethyl acetate portion from ethanol extract of semen litchi (Seed of Litchi chinensis) by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 coupled with preparative silica gel thin layer chromatography (TLC). The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data as stigmasterol (1), P-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (2),...
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