Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Adeleye IA, Okogi G, Ojo EO (2005). Microbial contamination of herbal preparations in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 23(3):296-297. |
|
|
Anyanwu CU (2010). Fungal contaminants of powdered herbal drugs sold in parts of Enugu State, Southeast, Nigeria. Plant Products Research Journal 14(1):46-50. |
|
|
Bateman AC, Jones GR, O'Connell S, Clark FJ, Plummeridge (2002). Massive hepatosplenomegaly caused by Penicillium marneffei associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in a Thai patient. Journal of Clinical Pathology 55(2):143-144. |
|
|
Binu S (2008). Uses of pteridophytes among the tribals in pathanamthitta district, Kerala, India. J. Non Timber Forest Products 5(2):129-131. |
|
|
Buwa LV, Afolayan AJ (2009). Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants used for the treatment of tuberculosis in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(23):6683-6687. |
|
|
Chege IN, Okalebo FA, Guantai AN, Karanja S (2015). A Quality Control of Hypoglycemic Herbal Preparations in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 3(4):16-21. |
|
|
Crissey JT, Parish LC, Lang H (1995). Manual of medical mycology. Blackwell Scientific, Cambridge, Massachusettes P 263. |
|
|
Czech E, Kneifel W, Kopp B (2001). Microbiological status of commercially available medicinal herbal drugs-A screening study. Planta Medica 67:263-269. |
|
|
Dei-Tutuwa D, Amuna P, Rahman MA (2014). Rapid Detection of Microbial Contamination in Ghanaian Herbal Medicines by PCR Analysis. Ghana Medical Journal 48(2):106-111. |
|
|
Devi VM, Prasad PN, Kalirajan K (2010). Infrared spectral studies on Siddha drug-Pavala parpam. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences 1(4):474-483. |
|
|
Dubey NK, Kumar A, Singh P, Shukla R (2008). Microbial contamination of raw materials: A major reason for the decline of India's share in the global herbal market. Current Science (00113891):95:717-718. |
|
|
Elujoba AA, Odeleye OM, Ogunyemi CM (2005). Traditional medicine development for medical and dental primary health care delivery system in Africa. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 2:46-61. |
|
|
Famewo EB, Clarke AM, Afolayan AJ (2016). Identification of bacterial contaminants in polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis in Amatole District of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, using rapid 16S rRNA technique. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 35(1):27. |
|
|
Famewo EB, Clarke AM, Afolayan AJ (2017). Ethno-medicinal documentation of polyherbal medicines used for the treatment of tuberculosis in Amathole District Municipality of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Pharmaceutical Biology 55(1):696-700. |
|
|
Girridher P, Ready SM (1997). Incidence of mycotoxin producers on spices from Andhra Pradesh. The journal of the Indian Botanical Society 76:161-164. |
|
|
Govender S, Du Plessis-Stoman D, Downing TG, Van de Venter M (2006). Traditional herbal medicines: Microbial contamination, consumer safety and the need for standards. South African Journal of Science 102(5):253–255. |
|
|
Guarro J (2013). Fusariosis, a complex infection caused by a high diversity of fungal species refractory to treatment. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 32:1491-1500. |
|
|
Igbeneghu OA, Lamikanra A (2016). Assessment of the microbial quality of some oral liquid herbal medicines marketed in Ile-Ife, South-western Nigeria. African Journal of Microbiology Research 10(38):1618-1624. |
|
|
Jossi M, Ambrosioni J, Macedo-Vinas M, Garbino J (2010). Invasive fusariosis with prolonged fungemia in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: case report and review of the literature. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 14(4):354-356. |
|
|
Kali A, Charles MP, Noyal MJ, Sivaraman U, Kumar S, Easow JM (2013). Prevalence of Candida co-infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The Australasian Medical Journal 6(8):387. |
|
|
Kaume L, Foote JC, Gbur EE (2012). Microbial contamination of herbs marketed to HIV-infected people in Nairobi (Kenya). South African Journal of Science 108(9-10):1-4. |
|
|
Kozich JJ, Westcott SL, Baxter NT, Highlander SK., Schloss PD (2013). Development of a dual-index sequencing strategy and curation pipeline for analyzing amplicon sequence data on the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79(17):5112-5120. |
|
|
Kulshrestha R, Gupta CP, Shukla G, Kundu MG, Bhatnagar SP, Katiyar CK (2008). The effect of water activity and storage temperature on the growth of Aspergillus flavus in medicinal herbs. Planta Medica 74:1308-1315. |
|
|
Kuo HC, Su YL, Yang HL, Chen TY (2005). Identification of Chinese medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis by PCR-single-stranded conformation polymorphism and phylogenetic relationship. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53(10):3963-3968. |
|
|
Lin SJ, Schranz J, Teutsch SM (2001). Aspergillosis case fatality rate: systematic review of the literature. Clinical Infectious Diseases 32(3):358-366. |
|
|
Louw CAM, Regnier TJC, Korsten L (2002). Medicinal bulbous plants of South Africa and their traditional relevance in the control of infectious diseases. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 82(2):147-154. |
|
|
Makowsky MJ, Warkentin DI, Savoie ML (2005). Caspofungin and amphotericin B for disseminated Fusarium verticillioides in leukemia. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 39:1365-1366. |
|
|
Manolakaki D, Velmahos G, Kourkoumpetis T, Chang Y, Alam HB, De Moya MM, Mylonakis E (2010). Candida infection and colonization among trauma patients. Virulence 1(5):367-375. |
|
|
Ndukwu CB, Mbakwem-Aniebo C, Frank-Peterside N (2016). Prevalence of Candida Co-Infections among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Emuoha, Rivers State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 11(5):60-63. |
|
|
Nelson PE, Dignani MC, Anaissie EJ (1994). Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of Fusarium species. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 7(4):479-504. |
|
|
Noor R, Huda N, Rahman F, Bashar T, Munshi SK (2014). Microbial contamination in herbal medicines available in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 39(3):124-129. |
|
|
Okunlola A, Adewoyin BA, Odeku AO (2007). Evaluation of pharmaceutical and microbial qualities of some herbal medicinal products in South Western Nigeria. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 6:661-670. |
|
|
Osei-Adjei G, Hackman HK, Mills-Robertson FC, Tay SCK (2013). Quality assessment of aqueous herbal/medicinal products sold on the Ghanaian market. Food Science and Quality Management 20:13-18. |
|
|
Sago SK, Little CL, Greenwood M, Mithani V, Grant KA, McLauchlin J, de-Pinna E, Threlfall EJ (2009). Assessment of the microbiological safety of dried spices and herbs from production and retail premises in the United Kingdom. Food Microbiology 26(1):39-43. |
|
|
Schoch CL, Seifert KA, Huhndorf S, Robert V, Spouge JL, Levesque CA, Miller AN (2012). Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(16):6241-6246. |
|
|
Sharma A (2001). Irradiation to decontaminate herbs and spices. In: Peter KV (eds) Handbook of herbs and spices. Cambridge, UK: Woodhead Publishing pp. 60-73. |
|
|
Siakrwar P, Mahajan S, Gupta A, Asthana M, Sharma R (2014). Isolation and Identification of Fungal Contamination in Stored Medicinal Plants. American Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics 1(2):052-058 |
|
|
Statistics South Africa (2017). TB Statistics for South Africa – National & provincial 2017. TBFACTS.ORG | Information about Tuberculosis, 2017. View Accessed 2 November 2017. |
|
|
Stević T, Pavlović S, Stanković S, Šavikin K (2012). Pathogenic microorganisms of medicinal herbal drugs. Archives of Biological Sciences 64(1):49-58. |
|
|
Tassaneeyakul W, Razzazi-Fazeli E, Porasuphatana S, Bohm J (2004). Contamination of aflatoxins in herbal medicinal products in Thailand. Mycopathologia 158(2):239-244. |
|
|
Ting A, Chow Y, Tan W (2013). Microbial and heavy metal contamination in commonly consumed traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 33(1):119-124. |
|
|
Toma FM, Abdulla NF (2013). Isolation and identification of fungi from spices and medicinal plants. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth 5(3):131-138. |
|
|
Tournas VH, Katsoudas EJ (2008). Microbiological quality of various medicinal herbal teas and coffee substitutes. Microbial Insights 1:MBI-S943. |
|
|
Walther C, Marwa KJ, Seni J, Hamis P, Silago V, Mshana SE, Jande M (2016). Microbial contamination of traditional liquid herbal medicinal products marketed in Mwanza city: magnitude and risk factors. Pan African Medical Journal 23(1). |
|
|
White TJ, Bruns T, Lee SJWT, Taylor JW (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. 18(1):315-322. |
|
|
World Health Organization (2016). Global Tuberculosis Control. Geneva, 2016 www.who.int/tb/en. Accessed 2 November 2017. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO) (2017). Bending the curve - ending TB: Annual report 2017. India: World Health Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2017. |
|
|
World Health Organization (WHO)/Bulletin (2011). Tuberculosis survivors at risk of fungal infection. View Accessed 08/11/2017. |
|
|
Zheng RS, Wang WL, Tan J, Xu H, Zhan RT, Chen WW (2017). An investigation of fungal contamination on the surface of medicinal herbs in China. Chinese Medicine 12(1):2. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
