Abstract

The rapid development of construction and the increase of population water demand were increased rapidly in Beijing, China’s capital city, yet one of its fastest-growing municipalities is running out of water. Today, more than 70% of the municipality’s total water supply comes from groundwater. Therefore groundwater has been over-exploited a long time which led to regional water level down and more and more groundwater is becoming polluted, which has disadvantage on drinking water. As a consequence of a series of physico-chemical and biochemical reactions, including dissolution, ion-exchange and reactions involving organic compounds, the calcium and magnesium in the infiltrating solutions have increased. The solutions have infiltrated into aquifers and increased the hardness of the groundwater; over-abstraction of groundwater has accelerated the process.The ISD = f (ISC) diagram indicates that central part of Beijing's groundwater is relatively recent with a speed of mean circulation.

Key words: Development, water demand, pollution, groundwater, hardness, nitrate.