Impact of soil amendment on phytotoxicity of a 5-month old waste engine oil polluted soil
April 2010
The present study investigated the effects of soil amendment on the remediation of waste engine oil (WEO) polluted soil, as well as the eventual phytotoxic effects of remediated amended soil on some growth parameters of cowpea. There were over 50% reductions from the original concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni and V in soil nine months after amendment. Significant reductions in polyaromatic...
Environmental isotopes investigation in groundwater of Challaghatta valley, Bangalore: A case study
April 2010
Radiogenic isotopes (3H and 14C) and stable isotope (18O) together with TDS, EC and salinity of water were used to discriminate qualitative and quantitative groundwater age, probable recharge time, flow respectively in groundwater of Challaghatta valley, Bangalore. The variations between TDS and EC values of sewage, corporation water, bore and open wells with concomitant variations in salinity confirmed an...
Integrated study for automobile wastes management and environmentally friendly mechanic villages in the Imo River basin, Nigeria
April 2010
Despite the overwhelming advantages of mechanic villages, their heavy metal pollution of soil due to poor waste management is causing serious ecological and public health concerns. Analytical results show that heavy metal concentrations (mgkg-1) above background levels in the upper 100 cm soil profiles of the Okigwe, the Orji and the Nekede mechanic villages in the Imo River basin, collectively range from 748...
Effects of some physical and chemical characteristics of soil on productivity and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) in coastal region (Cameroon)
March 2010
Studies were conducted to assess the response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) to some physical and chemical characteristics of soil in coastal region (Cameroon). The cowpea variety used in this trial was Tsacre, planted at a spacing of 80 cm × 80 cm. The experimental design was a randomized complete block comprising of five plots with three replicates. Productivity parameters (dry weight...
Prevalence of soil transmitted helminths and impact of Albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II villages (South-West Cameroon)
March 2010
This study assessed the actual prevalence of geohelminths and the impact of albendazole on parasitic indices in Kotto Barombi and Marumba II. Stools samples were collected from 420 school children and examined using the Kato-katz faecal technique. Participants were treated with 600 mg of albendazole. Baseline prevalence of infections and mean parasite loads were 26.4% and 6226.9e/g (Ascaris lumbricoides),...
Ground magnetic study of Ilesa east, Southwestern Nigeria
March 2010
Ground magnetic survey of eastern part of Ilesa town in Osun State, Southwest Nigeria was performed. Total field magnetic data was recorded using high resolution proton precision geometric magnetometer which implores total components of the ground magnetic anomaly data running through fifteen traverses. This research focused on delineation of faults in this part of the highly mineralized Ilesa schist belt....
Influence of mine drainage on water quality along River Nyaba in Enugu South-Eastern Nigeria
March 2010
Major and trace elements concentration were measured in water samples collected in and around Okpara coal mine in Enugu southeastern Nigeria to investigate the influence of mine drainage on the quality of water. The cations and trace elements were determined by ICP- MS while the anions were measured by spectrophotometer and titration methods. Field parameters such as pH, temperature and conductivity were...
Determination of physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals in water samples from Itaogbolu area of Ondo-State, Nigeria
March 2010
Water samples from selected hand-dug wells and Ona River in Itaogbolu area of Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria were collected, physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals were determined using standard analytical procedure. The results of the physico-chemical analysis were obtained in the following range; PH (6.59-7.68), temperature (21.10-27.10ºC), conductivity (300-1150 µÎ©/cm), chloride...
Stabilization/solidification of synthetic Nigerian drill cuttings
March 2010
In the Nigerian oil and gas industry, large quantities of oily and synthetic drill cuttings are produced annually. These drill cuttings are heterogeneous wastes which comprises of hydrocarbons, heavy metals and chlorides. Currently, the treatment option for these drill cuttings is thermal treatment, which does not remove these toxic contaminants. In this study, the use of...
Livelihoods diversifications and implications on food security and poverty levels in the Maasai plains: The case of Simanjiro district, Northern Tanzania
March 2010
This paper presents findings of a study that examined livelihood strategies that have evolved in the pastoral area and whether these strategies help the people in alleviating their poverty while ensuring food security. Participatory rural appraisal and wealth ranking exercise were used for data collection, while descriptive statistics was used for the data analysis. The findings show three wealth categories...
Weed management in banana production: The use of Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng as a non-leguminous cover crop
March 2010
During a survey of weeds in the Tiko banana plantations, the plant Nelsonia canescens(Lam.) Spreng was found to have invaded large areas of the plantation with no visible adverse effects on the banana crop. The effects of this Acanthaceae on banana yield parameters, snails’ population and weed species diversity and abundance were evaluated, with the intension of recommending the plant as a cover...
Environmental Apocalypse: Predicting Haiti’s Plight and Other Revelations
February 2010
Assessment of heavy metals concentrations in coastal sediments in north-western cities of Madagascar
February 2010
This study was undertaken to evaluate the heavy metals contamination of copper, zinc, manganese, iron, chromium, nickel, lead and cadmium, to assess the environment quality of the coastal area from town activities. Nickel, lead and cadmium are used in different kind of current accumulators and they are dangerous for sea wild life and for human food resources. The five others metals are usual and at a high...
Seasonal variations in water quality and major threats to Ramsagar reservoir, India
February 2010
Ramsagar reservoir, a small inland reservoir located in Datia district, Madhya Pradesh is constructed over Nichroli nallah, in the basin of Sindh River. The physico-chemical characteristics, trophic status and pollution studies of Ramsagar reservoir have been studied from April, 2003 to March, 2005. The nutrients including silicates (0.65 - 8.42 mgl-1), sulphates (1.50 - 8.87 mgl-1), phosphates (0.013 - 0.054 mgl-1),...
Comparative assessment of heavy metal removal by immobilized and dead bacterial cells: A biosorption approach
February 2010
Microorganisms play a vital role in heavy metal contaminated soil and wastewater by the mechanisms of biosorption. In this study, heavy metal resistant bacteria were isolated from an electroplating industrial effluent samples that uses copper, cadmium and lead for plating. These isolates were characterized to evaluate their applicability for heavy metal removal from industrial wastewaters. The...
The effects of incubation period and temperature on the Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) technique for detection of faecal contamination in water
February 2010
A total of 171 water samples from 3 sources were analyzed for the presence of faecal contamination by standard MPN, P/A, EC-M and H2S techniques at different temperatures and incubation times. Analysis of water samples by H2S technique showed that the incubation period of H2S bottles is highly dependent on temperature and concentration of faecal coliform bacteria. Incubation temperature was changed from 22 to...
Analysis of some meteorological data for some selected cities in the Eastern and Southern zone of Nigeria
February 2010
The monthly mean daily global solar radiation, sunshine duration hours, maximum temperature, Cloudiness index and relative humidity data for some selected cities in the Eastern and Southern zone of Nigeria covering a period of seventeen years (1990 - 2007) were used to generate several linear and multilinear regression equations. The values of the solar radiation estimated by the equations and the measured...
Comparative effects of undigested and anaerobically digested poultry manure on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays, L)
February 2010
A comparative study of the effects of undigested and anaerobically digested poultry manure and conventional inorganic fertilizer on the growth characteristics and yield of maize was investigated at Ibadan, Nigeria. The pot experiment consisted of sixty (60) nursery bags, set out in the greenhouse. The treatments, thoroughly mixed with soil, were: control (untreated soil), inorganic fertilizer, (NPK 20:10:10)...
Environmental attention deficit disorder, or Africa’s “ADDâ€
January 2010
Subsurface probe and hydrochemical analysis for the purpose of siting waste landfill
January 2010
This paper deals with the probing of the subsurface by electrical resistivity method and hydrochemical analysis for the purpose of siting waste landfill. The landfill design made provision for secured containment of the segregated waste and associated leachate from man and industrial activities. The waste types that are disposed of in the landfill are mainly domestic and non-hazardous industrial wastes. The...
Spatial and temporal distribution of North Atlantic tropical cyclones
January 2010
The aim of this work is to provide a classification of tropical cyclones (TC) according to their location, month of genesis and their lifecycles and to study the role of African Easterly Waves (AEWs) in North Atlantic cyclogenesis. Between 1980 and 2004, 269 tropical cyclones (TCs) were formed over the North Atlantic, 77% of which occurred during the August-October period and 95% of major hurricanes (TCs in...
Health and safety conditions of building maintenance sites in Nigeria: Evaluating the post occupancy contaminations of timber buildings by microorganisms
January 2010
This research assessed the safety of the environmental conditions of timber buildings as maintenance sites from cultivable microorganisms under various climatic conditions in Nigeria. Several site illnesses leading to poor work and reduced productivity on construction sites have been attributed to unidentified microorganisms or their metabolites. To identify the microorganisms, bulk samples were collected on...
Cytogenotoxicity evaluation of two industrial effluents using Allium cepa assay
January 2010
The cytogenotoxic effects of the industrial effluents from paint (0, 7.2, 18, 36 and 72%) and textile (0, 1.6, 4, 8 and 16%) manufacturing were evaluated using root tip cells ofAllium cepa. In this study, root length and chromosomal aberration assays were used to determine the 96 h effective concentration (96 h EC50), root growth inhibition, mitotic index and chromosome aberration rate. Based on the 96 h...
Reuse of wastewater in urban farming and urban planning implications in Katsina metropolis, Nigeria
January 2010
Studies on urban farming in Sub-Saharan African cities reveal the existence of literatures in Eastern, Southern and Central African cities. A few have focused on West Africa. In Nigeria, there is a paucity of information on reuse of waste water in urban farming. The purpose of this paper is to examine the status of wastewater reuse in urban farming in Katsina, an important urban area in the semi arid region...
Geophysical mapping of the occurrence of shallow oil sands in Idiopopo at Okitipupa area, South-western Nigeria
January 2010
Oil sands are known to be an alternate source of energy and of great economic value. To map the occurrence of shallow oil sand deposits in Idiopopo, Okitipupa area in Ondo state South-western Nigeria, vertical electric sounding (VES) in 11 stations along 3 profiles were carried out using the Schlumberger configuration. Apparent resistivity value obtained ranged from (135.7 ± 0.05) ohm-m to (4592.6...
Biotreatment of anthraquinone dye Drimarene Blue K2RL
January 2010
Drimarene blue (Db) K2RL is a reactive anthraquinone dye, used extensively in textile industry, due to poor adsorbability to textile fiber; it has a higher exhaustion rate in wastewater. The dye is toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and resistant to degradation. Decolorization of this dye was studied in two different systems. Shake flask study, using the same immobilized fungus Aspergillus niger SA1 with increasing...
Women, Science, Technology and the Environment
January 2010
From Congo to Copenhagen
December 2009
Fatigue and rutting strain analysis of flexible pavements designed using CBR methods
December 2009
The layered elastic analysis of pavements designed using three known CBR methods; the Asphalt Institute, the National Crushed Stone Association and the Nigerian CBR methods were carried out to evaluate their fatigue strain and rutting deformation characteristics. The elastic properties of the materials were determined. Structural thickness requirement of the pavements were carried out using their respective...
Elemental analysis of atmospheric aerosols in Gaborone
December 2009
Aerosols are mixture of solid and liquid particles and have considerable variation in terms of their chemical composition and size. In this study the elemental composition of aerosol particles in the atmosphere of a city, Gaborone, was carried out. The elemental analysis was done by environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The results clearly show that the composition of the particles observed was...
Assessment of groundwater contamination in an industrial city, Sialkot, Pakistan
December 2009
Contamination of groundwater due to heavy metals is one of the most important concerns that have received attention at regional, local and global levels because of their toxicological importance in ecosystems and impact on public health. The present study was designed to assess the quality of groundwater in relation to heavy metal pollution and its implication on human health. The groundwater quality of...
Physico-chemical characteristics of Anopheles breeding sites: Impact on fecundity and progeny development
December 2009
Mosquitoes exploit almost all types of aquatic habitats for breeding. Prevailing physicochemical parameters in these habitats are important factors for survival and development of mosquito. Here, six water samples from Atlantic Ocean, River, well, distilled (control), rain and borehole water were used to culture Anopheline eggs collected from pure bred of Kisimu species. The development of eggs to 1st, 2nd, 3rdand...
Effect of atrazine (Herbicide) on blood parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes)
December 2009
In the present study an attempt was made to investigate the acute toxicity of atrazine (ATR) a herbicide on an economically important fish, Cyprinus carpio. In which, 24 h median lethal concentration (24 h LC50) of herbicide, atrazine to C. carpio was 18.5 ppm. Due to fish exposure to 24 h LC50 of atrazine for 24 h, red blood cells (RBCs)...
Waste management in healthcare establishments within Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
December 2009
Poor management of healthcare waste exposes health workers and the public to the toxic effects of wastes generated from health establishments. The disposal of these wastes could also lead to environmental problems if not done properly. This study has assessed the waste management practices in hospitals and compared same with international standards. A survey was carried out in six major hospitals in Jos...
Effect of gasoline diesel fuel mixture on the germination and the growth of Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea)
December 2009
The effects of gasoline fuel/diesel mixture on the germination of seeds of Vigna unguiculata, the survival of the seedlings and the growth of the plant were evaluated in this study. It involved adding 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ml of mixture of equal proportions of the two petroleum products to 5000 g of soil and sowing seeds of the V. unguiculata in the soils after which the survival and the growth...
Technology-Assisted Environmentally-Sustainable Food Production
November 2009
Trace elements contamination of soils around gold mine tailings dams at Obuasi, Ghana
November 2009
This study investigated the issue of tailings dams as a potential source of trace elements contamination in soils at the Obuasi gold mine in Ghana. Soil samples taken from depths of up to 12 cm and within a radius of 400 m from the tailings dams (active and decommissioned), were analysed for As, Cu, Pb and Zn using atomic absorption spectrometry. Average concentrations of As,...
Comparative analysis of the efficiencies of two low cost adsorbents in the removal of Cr(VI) and Ni(II) from aqueous solution
November 2009
Heavy metals present in waste waters which are released into the environment by various industries have become a serious problem. This research is focused on the comparison of two agricultural wastes in the removal of Ni(II) and Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution and the effect of HCl modification. The effects of adsorbent dose, initial concentration, contact time, pH and temperature on adsorption were investigated....
Estimation of lead in urine of school children in south western Nigeria and effect of ascorbic intervention
November 2009
This study was carried out to investigate the level of lead in the air and urine of pupils in selected schools in south western Nigeria and ascertain the effect of ascorbic acid, with a view to providing baseline data on lead levels in children. A total of 197 pupils in schools in urban and rural communities of Ife Central Local Government, Osun State in the south west of Nigeria (that is Sabo, Iremo and...
Evaluating the fate of organic compounds in the Cameroon environment using a level III multimedia fugacity model
November 2009
A level III fugacity model was developed to evaluate the fate of chemicals in the Cameroon environment. The model required as input physical-chemical properties, mode and amount of chemical released and environmental characteristics. These were used to predict the distribution of the chemical in the environment, quantify intermedia transfer processes and the major loss mechanisms from the environmental compartments....
Modification in the design of an already existing palm nut - fibre separator
November 2009
The modified palm nut-fibre separator machine comprises of a feed hopper, a separating chamber with an upper shaft carrying beaters which act as both conveyor and cake breaker and a lower shaft with sharp edged spiral worm and four fixed blades, a pair of adjustable blades, a prime mover (a 7.5 Hp electric motor of 1900 rpm, or its equivalent IC engine) and inlet and outlet funnels for nuts and fibres...
Equilibrium studies on sorption of an anionic dye onto acid activated water hyacinth roots
November 2009
The inappropriate disposal of dyes in wastewater constitutes an environmental problem and can cause damage to the ecosystem. Present investigation deals with the utilization of water hyacinth roots (collected from the ponds) as adsorbent for the removal of anionic dye from its aqueous solutions. Batch studies were conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the dye, Congo red on the sorbent with respect...
Incidence of organochlorine insecticides (DDT and heptachlor) in Bangladeshi dry fish: seasonal trends and species variability
November 2009
The concentrations of organochlorine insecticides dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT) and heptachlor were investigated to estimate the current status of insecticides used in dry fish in different season and different species. Six most popular species of dry fishes namely Bombay duck (Loittya), Ribbon fish (Chhuri), Shrimp (Chingri), Hilsha shed (Ilish), Chinese pomfret (Rupchanda) and Indian salmon...
We face neither North nor South: We face the future
October 2009
Impact of urbanisation on the Mingosso watershed in the Yaounde periurban zone
October 2009
Toxic effect of naphta exposure on respiratory system among workers in the tyre industry
October 2009
A cross-sectional study was carried out on workers in a tyre manufacturing industry in Malaysia to determine the effects of naphtha exposure on lung functions and respiratory symptoms. Sixty male workers exposed to naphtha and 42 unexposed workers were selected for this study. Personal air monitoring carried out using solid sorbent tubes and low flow pumps (Model: PAS-500 Personal Air Sampler)....
Groundwater nitrate pollution in Souss-Massa basin (south-west Morocco)
October 2009
The objective of our study was to determine the current status of alluvial aquifer in the Souss-Massa basin, where the nitrate pollution of groundwater is being increasing along the last decades. A multi-approach methodology using hydrogeology, nitrate concentrations, irrigation type and oxygen-18 and deuterium data, was carried out to identify the sources of this pollution. According to the spatial...
The linkages between land use change, land degradation and biodiversity across East Africa
October 2009
Land use changes in East Africa have transformed land cover to farmlands, grazing lands, human settlements and urban centers at the expense of natural vegetation. These changes are associated with deforestation, biodiversity loss and land degradation. A synthesis of results of long term research by an interdisciplinary team reveals the linkages between land use change, biodiversity loss and land degradation....
Effect of site characteristics on the productivity and economic returns from cassava legume intercropping in Ghana
October 2009
In a 2-year field study, cassava was intercropped with four legumes (cowpea, pigeon pea, soyabean and Stylosanthes at three locations with different soil and environmental conditions, to determine the effect of site characteristics on the agronomic and economic advantage of the intercrop. The trial was a factorial experiment in a split plot design with three...
Evaluation of groundwater resources potential in the Ejisu-Juaben district of Ghana
October 2009
The increasing stress on freshwater resources due to ever-rising demands and profligate uses as well as growing population of Ejisu-Juaben District is an issue of great concern. The purpose of this study is to make a quantitative estimate of the available groundwater resources in the Ejisu-Juaben district for efficient utilization and management of groundwater resources. The methodology involved the...
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