Urban sprawl development and flooding at Yeumbeul suburb (Dakar-Senegal)
April 2008
Rapid development of urban centers in Africa is becoming a serious challenge for the coming decades with a wide range of foreseen social, economical and environmental implications. With the natural growth of the population, urban demography has been boosted by rural exodus triggered by serious droughts and increasing rural poverty. With the small resources available for an adequate urban management and the...
The need for reducing plastic shopping bag use and disposal in Africa
March 2008
Ground water pollution due to aquaculture in east coast region of Nellore district, Andhrapradesh, India
March 2008
Ground water quality parameters were studied for pollution due to aquaculture in the east coast region of district Andhrapradesh, India. Over a period of two years, 46 groundwater samples were collected for analyses. The results showed that the alkalinity ranged from 120 - 482 mg/L, and pH ranged from 7.1 to 8.6. The chloride concentration ranged from 65 – 4950 mg/L, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was 2 to...
The willingness to pay (WTP) for the conservation of wild animals: Case of the Derby Eland (Taurotragus derbianus gigas) and the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) in North Cameroon
March 2008
Data on the perception of and willingness to pay (WTP) for the conservation of the Derby Eland and the African Wild Dog in North Cameroon were collected from August to October 2004 using administered questionnaires. The results show a positive attitude of respondents towards wildlife conservation. They indicated willingness to support actions geared towards the conservation of endangered species in National...
Exploration and Environmental Exploitation (1908 – 2008)
January 2008
On the matched pairs sign test using bivariate ranked set sampling: an application to environmental issues
January 2008
The matched pairs sign test using bivariate ranked set sampling (BVRSS) is introduced and investigated. We show that this test is asymptotically more efficient than its counterpart sign test based on a bivariate simple random sample (BVSRS). The asymptotic null distribution and the efficiency of the test are derived. The Pitman asymptotic relative efficiency is used to compare the asymptotic performance of...
Traditional strategies used by pastoralists to cope with la nina induced drought in Kajiado, Kenya
January 2008
Pastoralists traditionally relied on herd mobility to cope with drought. In the pastoral areas of Kajiado, Kenya this strategy is now threatened by increased individual land ownership as compared to communal access. Drought frequency as related to El-Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is predicated to increase with climate change. The aim of the study was investigate the use of herd mobility strategy...
Growth characteristics of two tropical forest species Warburgia ugandensis and Polyscias fulva seedlings grown under contrasting light conditions
January 2008
Growth parameters for seedlings of two forest trees, Warburgia ugandensis andPolyscias fulva, were measured under various light growth conditions. Leaf area and plant height were significantly higher under low light (< 42% full sunlight) than high light (65% of sunlight) growth conditions (P<0.001). Plant leaf area ranged from 238 cm² under full sunlight to 376 cm² under dense...
Toxic Imports and the African Environment
December 2007
Bacteria associated with the coral Echinopora lamellosa (Esper 1795) in the Indian Ocean - Zanzibar Region
December 2007
Infectious diseases are now known to have major effects on the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems throughout the world. The number of recognized coral diseases has increased dramatically. The problem was first recognized in the Caribbean in the early 1970’s but has now been reported to affect coral communities worldwide. There is little information regarding bacteria associated with...
Application of remote sensing and GIS inLand use/land cover mapping and change detection in a part of south western Nigeria
December 2007
Mapping land use/land cover (LULC) and change detection using remote sensing and GIS techniques is an area of interest that has been attracting increasing attention. This paper is an attempt to assess the changes in land use/land cover in some parts of south-western Nigeria over a 16 year period. The study made use of LandSat imageries of 1986 and 2002. The images were classified using Maximum...
Harmattan Haze and Environmental Health
November 2007
Economic framework for integrating environmental stewardship into food security strategies in low-income countries: case of agroforestry in southern African region
November 2007
One of the greatest challenges in many Sub-Saharan Africa countries especially where seasonal food deficits occur frequently, is how best to achieve a balance between the goals of food security and agricultural production on the one hand, and the concerns for the conservation of environmental quality and natural resources capital on the other. A number of agricultural production technologies...
Contributions of agroforestry to ecosystem services in the miombo eco-region of eastern and southern Africa
November 2007
The miombo, the most extensive tropical woodland formation of Africa with particular ecological and economic importance, is threatened by deforestation, land degradation and loss of biodiversity. Over the past two decades, agroforestry has been studied as one of the integrated natural resource management interventions for addressing various environmental and social problems. This has helped to establish...
Soil nutrient content, soil moisture and yield of Katumani maize in a semi-arid area of Kenya
November 2007
Many farmers in Kenya’s semi arid lands cannot afford to purchase inorganic fertilisers to improve their crop yields. They thus rely on traditional agronomic practices such as addition of crop residues, animal manures or intercrops of cereals and legumes. This study investigated soil parameters and their influence on yield. It was carried out at the University of Nairobi’s...
Assessment of the ClimGen stochastic weather generator at Cameroon sites
November 2007
Simulation of agricultural risk assessment and environmental management requires long series of daily weather data for the area being modelled. Acquiring and formatting this data can be very complex and time-consuming. This has led to the development of weather generation procedures and tools. Weather generators can produce time series of synthetic weather data of any length, interpolating observed data to...
The Local Language of Global Environmental Knowledge
October 2007
Relationship between management practice and organisation performance under European Union directives such as RoHS: A case-study of the electrical and electronic industry in Taiwan
October 2007
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the European Union Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directives set by the European Union on the financial and environmental performances of Taiwan’s electrical and electronic companies adopting the green supply chain management. A literature review, in-depth interviews and questionnaires...
Regional scaled mapping of gully erosion sensitivity in Western Kenya
October 2007
East African Rift regions suffer from serious gully erosion. As a preliminary step to assess gully erosion and to establish appropriate managements of geological/geomorphological conditions of the East African Rift escarpments, slope gradient, vegetation coverage, and sediment hardness in western Kenya, were used as mapping factors and overlayed to create separate channels in RGB color space. Pixels...
Social and ecological mediators of environmental Lead exposure in Nigeria
October 2007
This study aimed to identify socio-ecologic variables contributing to lead poisoning among children in suburban regions of Nigeria. We surveyed 306 children and their families to determine the statistical association between specific social ecological factors and measured blood lead levels (BLL). The BLL among children (< 6 years old) ranged from 2.1 to 31.8mg/dl (mean = 9.4 mg/dL; SD = 4.2),...
Top Ten Environmental Priorities for Africa
September 2007
Microarray analysis of genes affected by salt stress in tomato
September 2007
Large-scale gene expression affected by salt stress was analyzed with tomato seedlings (Lycoperson esculentum Mill cv. Money Maker) by a cDNA microarray (Tom1). The significantly differentially expressed genes (5% Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate) consisted of 1757 sequences in the analyzed tissues (cotyledons + shoot tip). Genes with over 2 fold difference were selected from the list and further...
The cost of environmental lead (Pb) poisoning in Nigeria
September 2007
The pervasiveness of human health impacts and ecosystem effects of lead (Pb) is not controversial, but there are serious arguments about the pace at which Pb should be eliminated from consumer products. Presumably, these arguments can be resolved by converting costs and benefits of Pb use to similar units, a notorious methodological challenge for health impacts in developing countries. To estimate the...
Discrimination of Scutellospora castanea from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated in TENE primary forest (Centre west Côte d’Ivoire) and detection of repeated DNA sequences from its genome
August 2007
Primers SC1 and SC2 primarily developed to be specific to Scutellospora castanea were used to unambiguously discriminate this species among endogenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi collected in Côte d’Ivoire. The cloning of genomic DNA from this fungus allowed the isolation of repeated DNA sequences. Sixteen inserts were randomly selected from the genomic bank and hybridized with...
Framing Vulnerability and Adaptation to Environmental Change in Africa
August 2007
Using nutrient utilization patterns to determine the source of Escherichia coli found in surface water
August 2007
Identifying the sources of fecal contaminants in surface water bodies such as rivers, lakes and beaches is of importance for environmental safety, public health safety, food safety and regulatory purposes. Nutrient utilization patterns (NUPs) were used as a bacterial source tracking technique to identify the possible sources of fecal...
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