Template semantic
January 2012
Many people especially in public and private sectors have tried to obtain maximum benefit from information technology infrastructure and communication. This may be acquired not only as a process and activity development tool in daily performances, but as an opportunity to construct knowledge through collaborative learning. This article highlights the use of semantic web technology such as building a semantic browser for...
FiLeDI Framework for Measuring Fish Length from Digital Images
January 2012
Fish is an important source of protein in most countries in the world. The need to know the reproduction and population of fish is crucial for optimum exploitation of fish resources in maintaining the requirement of mankind in the future. In fisheries research, the length of a fish is the main parameter needed to identify fish reproduction, recruitment, growth and mortality. Current method used to acquire these length...
An adaptive learning model based genetic for facial expression recognition
January 2012
The genetic algorithms (GAs) are the evolutionary learning process, which are applied to complex optimization problems to find the optimum results from other results. The GAs to achieve the proper results in the iteration process selects the fitter solutions from a solution space. In this process, the parent selections, crossover and mutation operations have the important roles to find the optimum results. In this...
Intrusion threat detection from insider attack using learning behavior-based
January 2012
In recent years, intrusion prevention system (IPS) had been developed as a new approach system to defend networking systems, which properly combines the firewall technique with the intrusion detection. When an attack is identified, intrusion prevention immediately blocks and logs the offending data. The primary IPS uses signature to identify activities in network traffic and the host will perform detection on inbound...
Effects of antioxidants, plant growth regulators and wounding on phenolic compound excretion during micropropagation of Strelitzia reginae
January 2012
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of antioxidant treatments, plant growth regulators (PGRs) and explants wounding in tissue culture involving Strelitzia reginae on total phenol exudation. Results showed that various 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations significantly affected phenolic exudation. The media containing the highest plant growth regulators...
Correlations between ocean water temperature and related parameters from the Victoria experimental network under the sea (VENUS) and geomagnetic activity: Implications for climate change
January 2012
Factor analyses of sample daily variables of temperature, conductivity, density, oxygen concentration and salinity of sea water from the Victoria Experimental Network Under the Sea (VENUS) project reflected a single factor. Once temporal (serial) effects had been removed, the residuals for this factor were significantly and positively correlated (r=0.60) with the global geomagnetic activity during the days of and before...
The geothermal potential of Jizan area, Southwestern parts of Saudi Arabia
January 2012
The geothermal resources of Saudi Arabia are mainly located in the southwestern parts associated with a series of volcanic rocks and ridges. Jizan area is considered as one of the most promising geothermal targets which are characterized by the presence of a number of structural related hot springs with a surface temperature range of 46 to 79°C at the surface. This work mainly aims to throw light on the possible...
Stochastic approaches for time series forecasting of rate of dust fall: A case study of northwest of Balochistan, Pakistan
January 2012
The atmospheric rate of dust fall has been reported to be the pollution indicator of urban area of Northwest of Balochistan, Pakistan. The multiplicity and complexity of sources of atmospheric dusts in urban regions has put forward the need of distribution of these sources indicating their contribution to specific environmental receptor. The present study is focused on investigation of the rate of dust fall in Quetta...
A study on the role of processing parameters in joining polyethylene sheets via heat assisted friction stir welding: Investigating microstructure, tensile and flexural properties
January 2012
The aim of this study was to investigate the weldability of high-density polyethylene sheets via heat assisted friction stir welding and effect of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of welded plates. The parameters under study were included pin rotational speed, transverse speed of tool and shoulder temperature. Tensile and bend tests were done in order to evaluate mechanical behavior of...
Modeling of glow discharge controlled by a dielectric barrier
January 2012
Numerical calculations of spatio-temporal characteristics of the homogeneous barrier discharge in helium are performed by means of a one-dimensional fluid model. This model consists of the continuity equations for electrons, ions and excited atoms, with the current conservation equation and the electric field profile; the time evolution of the discharge current, gas voltage and the surface density...
The properties and the effect of operating parameters on nickel plating (review)
January 2012
The energy required in an electroplating process and the material costs are important considerations in product manufacturing. The most important plating criteria, however, are quality and the uniformity of the deposited metals. The nickel plating process is used extensively for decorative, engineering, and electroforming purposes. Because of the appearance and other properties of the electrodeposited material, nickel...
Modeling and application of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based variable speed wind generation system
January 2012
n the early development of wind energy, the majority of wind turbines were operated at constant speed. Recently, the number of variable-speed wind turbines installed in wind farms has increased and more wind turbine manufacturers are making variable-speed wind turbines. In this paper, maximum power control of wind turbine and permanent magnet synchronous generator connected with two back to back voltage source...
Unsteady flow of a Newtonian fluid induced by eccentric-concentric rotation of a porous disk and the fluid at infinity
January 2012
The unsteady flow of a Newtonian fluid produced by a sudden coincidence of the axes of a porous disk and the fluid at infinity has been investigated while they are initially rotating with the same angular velocity about non-coincident axes. The exact solutions of both the velocity field and the components of shear stress on the disk have been obtained with the use of the Laplace transform technique. During the...
Simulation-based microwave imaging of plain and reinforced concrete for nondestructive evaluation
January 2012
The focus of this paper is the implementation of a backpropagation algorithm as a potential solution for the inverse source problem for microwave imaging of plain and reinforced concrete targets. The data used in imaging was obtained from numerical simulation of far-field microwave scattering by concrete targets using typical frequency bandwidth of commercially available radar systems. A finite difference-time domain...
The acute hypoxia indication by the dissonant intervals of the speech signal
January 2012
The paper analyzes the effect of acute hypoxia to dissonant intervals at the speech signal. It presents the factors that lead to the hypoxia as a consequence of the oxygen concentration decrease in the tissue. Furthermore, a definition of dissonant spectrum ranges of the speech signal is determined. It is made in relation to the fundamental frequency. It stands as tones' F#, B and C# in...
The effects of different laser doses on skin
January 2012
The laser-skin interaction was studied using the laboratory albino rat skin as an experimental sample and 10.6 μm wavelength CO2 laser as a source of irradiation. This study aimed to determine the effect of different laser doses on the skin structure as a trial to understand how laser exerts its medical effects in treating skin problems. It also aimed to determine the relationship between the laser dose and...
Extended general bifunction variational inequalities
January 2012
In this paper, we introduce and consider a new class of variational inequalities which is called the mixed extended general bifunction variational inequality. We suggest and analyze some proximal methods for solving the mixed extended general bifunction variational inequalities using the auxiliary principle technique. Convergence of these methods is considered under some mild suitable conditions. Several cases are also...
A selection approach for solving buffer allocation problem
January 2012
In this paper, we dealt with one problem in designing a production line, which is the problem of buffer allocation. A selection approach was developed and tested for selecting the best design for a huge number of alternatives set. The proposed selection approach is a combination between cardinal and ordinal optimization. The algorithm involves four procedures; ordinal optimization, optimal computing budget allocation,...
Observer design for rectangular discrete-time singular systems with time-varying delay
January 2012
In this paper, observer design problem for rectangular discrete-time singular systems with time-varying delay is discussed. Based on restricted system equivalent (RSE) transformations and by introducing new state vectors, the problem is transformed into observer design problem for time-varying delay discrete-time standard state-space systems. By Lyapunov function method and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, the...
Existence of solutions for G-SDEs with upper and lower solutions in the reverse order
January 2012
The existence of solutions for stochastic differential equations under G-Brownian motion (G-SDEs) of the typein the presence of a lower solution and an upper solution in a reverse order is established. By the method of upper and lower solutions in the reverse order, it is shown that the G-SDEs have more than one solution if the drift coefficients are discontinuous functions. Key...
Comparative study on fuzzy inference systems for prediction of concrete compressive strength
January 2012
The aim of this comparative study is to evaluate the effects of different methods, used for ''aggregation'' and ''defuzzification'', on the output. To reach this goal, six fuzzy inference systems (FIS-1, FIS-2, FIS-3, FIS-4, FIS-5 and FIS-6) have been designed (with the same rule bases) with different methods used for aggregation, defuzzification, and overlapping between the fuzzy sets....
A load balancing interference aware routing metric (LBIARM) for multi hop wireless mesh network
January 2012
It is a well-known fact that routing metrics play a crucial part in the performance of wireless mesh networks (WMN). When routing protocols are implemented, the routing metrics are assigned to different paths. It calculates the best path to predict the best routing path. They are integrated in routing protocols to improve WMNs efficiency in terms of reliability, latency, throughput, error rate and cost. This paper...
Fingerprint images segmentation based on fuzzy C-mean theory and statistical features
January 2012
Fingerprint segmentation is a crucial and important step of image processing in automatic fingerprint identification. Because, it is very important for alright fingerprint features extraction, such as, singular points, bifurcation and ridge ending minutia’s. The aim of the segmentation of fingerprint is to extract the interest area (foreground) and to exclude the background regions, in order to reduce the time of...
Preprocessing and pectoral muscle separation from breast mammograms
January 2012
Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) systems can be used as a second opinion to the radiologists for diagnosis of breast cancer from mammogram images. In this paper, we have proposed preprocessing method to remove noise from mammogram images. Then, enhancement has been performed. After that, background has been removed. Finally, pectoral muscle separation has been performed. It has been noted that results are very much...
Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) module in urban housing in Khartoum: Concept and design considerations
January 2012
This paper searches to find out building of integrated photovoltaic (PV) system designs in Khartoum. It discussed technical issues and the design of an integrated PV in domestic use, within an urban approach towards sustainability in energy. PV systems can be used to develop the solar energy in almost all kinds of applications. Exploiting of solar energy for domestic use is one avenue where the energy produced from...
Physicochemical and mineralogical considerations of Ediki sandstone-hosted kaolin occurrence, South West Cameroon
January 2012
Field mapping, colour, particle size distribution, pH and x-ray diffraction studies were undertaken to elucidate the genesis of Ediki kaolin. The kaolin occurs within the Mungo formation of upper cretaceous age, ascribed to the Douala sedimentary basin. The kaolin profile consists of upward coarsening sandstone – siltstone – sandstone sequence with a gradient of 35 to 40°. Texturally, the kaolin is...
Influence of evaporation on transient suction distribution in unsaturated soil
January 2012
This paper presents the results of numerical analysis on influence of evaporation process on the transient suction distribution induced by rainfall infiltration in unsaturated soil. Transient seepage and slope stability analyses were carried out using commercial software SEEP/W and SLOPE/W (Geo-Slope International, 2007a, b) on 1-year data representing a site at Johor Bahru, Malaysia. Soil samples were...
Synthesis of Cu-Ag core-shell particles: Study on cover silver homogeneity
January 2012
Cu-Ag particles with homogeneous cover-silver layer were synthesized by electroless plating of copper particles with silver sulfate using eco-friendly sodium citrate (SC) as reducing agent, dispersant and chelating agent in an aqueous system. The influences of sodium citrate/Cu and sodium citrate/Ag ratios on Ag coatings of Cu powders were investigated. Ag formed a dense coating on the surface of Cu powders at a molar...
Optimizing a multi-product and multi-supplier the economic production quantity model using genetic algorithm
January 2012
In order to make the economic production quantity (EPQ) model more applicable to real-world production and inventory control problems, in this paper, we expand this model by assuming that some imperfect items of different product types are being produced such that reworks are allowed. In addition, we may have more than one product and supplier along with warehouse space and budget limitation. We show that the model of...
An overview of crumb rubber modified asphalt
January 2012
Roadways are considered one of the most important elements of infrastructure and they play an essential role in our daily lives. In road pavement construction, the use of crumb rubber in the modification of bitumen binder is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials. It is believed that crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be one of the alternative polymer materials in improving...
Enhanced superconducting properties of the Pb doped trilayer high-temperature (Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4δ) cuprate superconductor
January 2012
A ceramic superconductor compounds with the composition Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4δ were prepared by solid state reaction from the principle routs like Bi-2212,Ca2CO3 and CuO with high purity of 99.99%. Different measurement such as resistivity measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were made to show the improvement in the superconductivity of the high phase. The lattice...
Microscopic dynamics of a large-scale pedestrian evacuation model
January 2012
Numerous models have been developed for estimating the time required to evacuate from a variety of places under various conditions. For high-traffic places, such as commercial and industrial buildings, it is vital to be able to accurately calculate the evacuation time required in order to ensure the safety of the occupants. To this end, various models of pedestrian dynamics have been proposed, either as a whole system...
Effects of induced magnetic field and slip condition on peristaltic transport with heat and mass transfer in a non-uniform channel
January 2012
We study the effects of induced magnetic field and slip on the peristaltic flow of Jeffrey fluid in a non-uniform channel. Flow analysis is discussed in the presence of heat and mass transfer. Main emphasis is given to the study of stream function, the longitudinal pressure gradient, the magnetic force function, the axial induced magnetic field, the current density, the temperature and concentration. Numerical...
Radioactivity of local tobacco and some selected brands of cigarettes
January 2012
This study investigated the radioactivity levels of locally consumed tobacco and three (3) popular brands of cigarettes. The Ortec X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) with model number XL12170 was used to determine the radioactivity and elemental composition of each of the samples. All the samples were found to be radioactive with the following elements, including-K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Pb, Rb, Sr, Zr and Nb. From the...
Nanocarbonfibril in rice flour charcoal
January 2012
This paper presents the results of a study of nanocarbonfibrils in charcoals, which were prepared from rice flour with diameters of 90, 75 and 38 µm, respectively. The rice flours were carbonized for 30 min at a temperature of 600 to 800°C. The carbonized products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR),...
Study on unified implicit methods for solving variational inequalities
January 2012
In this paper, we suggest and analyze some new implicit methods for solving the variational inequalities. These new methods include the extra gradient method of Korpelevich (1976) and the modified extra gradient method of Noor (2004, 2010) as special cases. We also consider the convergence of this new implicit iterative method under some conditions. The ideas and techniques of this paper may stimulate further research...
Operational matrix approach for the nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations: Arising in physics and engineering
January 2012
An approximation method based on hybrid Legendre polynomials and Block-Pulse functions used for the solution of nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equations (NV-FIEs). The operational matrices of these functions are utilized to reduce a nonlinear Volterra-Fredholm integral equation to a system of nonlinear algebraic equations. In addition, convergence analysis and numerical examples that illustrate the pertinent...
Study of nonlinear KdV type equations via homotopy perturbation method and variational iteration method
January 2012
The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation is the champion of model equations of nonlinear waves. In fact, it is from numerical experiments of a water wave equation. The objective of this paper is to present a comparative study of He's homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and variational iteration method (VIM) for the semi analytical solution of three different Kortweg-de Vries (KdV) type equations called KdV, K(2,2,) and...
Ordering a class of unicyclic graphs with respect to Merrifield-Simmons index
January 2012
The Merrifield-Simmons index is one of the most popular topological indices in chemistry and in mathematical properties; there is a correlation between this index and boiling points. The Merrifield-Simmons index of a graph is defined as the total number of its independent sets, including the empty set. This paper proposed an edge grafting theorem operation, which is certain kind of edge moving between two vertices...
Hopf bifurcation analysis of a food web of four species
January 2012
In this paper, we analyze the Hopf bifurcation of basic food web of four species based on standard normal form theory. The basic model we consider is owed to a bottom prey X, two competing predators Y and Z on X, and a super-predator W only on Y. It is found that periodic solutions arise from the main parameter values and through through a Hopf bifurcation point. The...
Fast Fourier transform technique for the European option pricing with double jumps
January 2012
In this paper, we provided a fast algorithm for pricing European options under a double exponential jump-diffusion model based on Fourier transform. We derived a closed-form (CF) representation of the characteristic function of the model. By using fast Fourier transform (FFT) technique, we obtained an approximation numerical solution for the prices of European call options. Our numerical results show that our method is...
Anti-synchronization of chaotic neural networks with time-varying delays via linear matrix inequality (LMI)
January 2012
In this paper, anti-synchronization problem of two identical chaotic neural networks with time-varying delays is proposed. By using time-delay feedback control technique, mean value theorem and the Leibniz-Newton formula, and by constructing appropriately Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, sufficient condition is proposed to guarantee the asymptotically anti-synchronization of two identical chaotic neural networks. This...
Applying the fuzzy analytic network process to the selection of an advanced integrated circuit (IC) packaging process development project
January 2012
In the modern business environment, process technology evaluation and selection (PTES) is a crucial component of innovation in new product development (NPD). The most difficult task for project managers in PTES is to make the optimal technology choice for a Research and Development (R&D) project, and there are many attendant uncertainties and risks in process technology R&D projects for NPD. Recently, Integrated...
Modeling the machining parameters of AISI D2 tool steel material with multi wall carbon nano tube in electrical discharge machining process using response surface methodology
January 2012
This work investigates the machining characteristics of American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) D2 tool steel with copper as a tool electrode during electrical discharge machining (EDM) process. The multi wall carbon nano tube (MWCNT) is mixed with dielectric fluids in EDM process to analyze the surface characteristics of surface roughness. Regression model were developed to predict the surface roughness (SR) in EDM...
Capacitor bushing optimization via electrostatic finite element analysis
January 2012
In high-voltage capacitor bushings, there is maximum field intensity at the edge of the aluminum foil and where foils overlap. Any technique decreasing much field intensity in those regions will significantly optimize the bushings’ electrostatic characteristics. This paper presents the study of the effect of edge diversion in the overlapped region of an aluminum foil and of the shape of aluminum foil edge in...
Groundwater exploration using geoelectrical resistivity technique at Al-Quwy’yia area Central Saudi Arabia
January 2012
Geoelectrical resistivity surveys were carried out in Al Quwy’yia area, located at the centeral part of Saudi Arabia, to map the acquifer and estimate the groundwater potentiality. The acquired vertical electrical sounding (VES) data sets have been collected along three longitudinal profiles trending East-West, perpendicular to the basement/sedimentary contact. The data sets have been analysed using 1D...
Modeling flow regime transition in intermittent water supply networks using the interface tracking method
January 2012
For several ailing water distribution networks in the world, during conditions of excessive withdrawals or insufficient water production, pressures fall to very low or even negligible values and consequently, no water can be supplied. Usually, most pipes have water which either fills or nearly fills their cross sectional areas but the pressure to push it out is absent. With conditions changing from pressurized to no...
Assessment of industrial and adaptable building components for a residential layout
January 2012
From environmental point of view, building waste is a critical issue in present construction. In order to reduce the depletion of valuable materials and natural resources, waste management of constructions needs to be considered in the early stages of design. This requires innovative design strategies that take into account the future demolition and provide flexible and versatile structures. Industrial, flexible and...
A new technique for systems of Abel-Volterra integral equations
January 2012
Extension of a computational method for solving a special kind of singular system is the novelty of this paper. These systems are called systems of Abel Volterra integral equations. This method is based on the application of Legendre wavelets, as a basis functions for numerical solutions. Some examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency and the simplicity of the method. Key words: Systems of Abel...
Integrating anchored instructional strategy and modularity concept into Interactive multimedia PowerPoint presentation
January 2012
This study is based on the cognitive theory of multimedia learning to propose an alternative presentation integrating anchored strategy and modularity concept into a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation for classroom learning. With the anchored instructional strategy and rich visual interactivity, the presentation helps students to acquire more information and remember more ideas. In addition, incorporated hyperlinks and...
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