Is there hidden caries or is this a limitation of the conventional exams?
April 2015
The aim of this study was to verify the existence of hidden caries and compare the diagnosis agreement among different examiners by visual, dental radiography and computed microtomography images of hidden dental caries lesions on the occlusal surface of extracted molars. Two hundred and fifteen teeth were examined visually and extracted from cadavers of adolescents with a mean age of 12 years. Eleven teeth which showed...
Effect of different bleaching methods on stained composites
March 2015
This study aims to examine the whitening effect of three different bleaching methods on three different stained composite resins. Forty discs (5 mm diameter × 2 mm thick) from each tested material (ESTHET.X HD micro-matrix Restorative, Dentsply, Paradigm Nano-Hybrid Universal-Restorative, 3M/ESPE, and Artiste Nano-Composite, Pentron-Clinical) were made. The 40 discs of each tested material were immersed in coffee,...
Effect of polymerization techniques and cleaning solution on flexural resistance of acrylic resin chemically activated
March 2015
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different disinfection solutions on flexural resistance of chemically-activated acrylic resin. Test pieces were made of clear acrylic resin using a rectangular mold and employing two techniques: wet polymerization under pressure (n = 20) and dry polymerization under pressure (n = 20). Test pieces were subdivided into four equal groups: distilled water (control),...
Knowledge and oral health related behavior among visually impaired subjects in Jazan Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
March 2015
Knowledge and awareness of oral health issues are essential for prevention of dental and other associated systemic diseases. This study explores among visually impaired subjects living in Jazan region, with the respect to frequency and quality of use and the effect of type of blindness on the distribution of oral health related knowledge and behavior. Supervisors taking care of visually impaired subjects of different...
Traumatic dental injury in primary teeth: Knowledge and management in Brazilian preschool teachers
February 2015
Knowledge about the importance of primary teeth and correct attitudes in dental trauma emergency procedures can lead to adequate care, improving the prognosis and avoiding serious consequences for the child primary and permanent dentition. The aim this study was to evaluate the knowledge and behavior in a group of Brazilian preschool teachers, relative to dental trauma in primary teeth. In this cross-sectional study,...
Perfection of unused Ni-Ti endodontic files, myth or reality? A scanning electron microscope (SEM) study
February 2015
Endodontic rotary files have been developed to improve the quality of root canal preparation. However, such instruments have a risk of separation. In most cases, the files are not checked for quality before use. Instead, they are often removed from the packages, sterilized and used without being examined for the presence of imperfections or debris. Practitioners were always to be blamed of such mishaps, but recently...
Is routine antibiotic prescription following exodontias necessary? A randomized controlled clinical study
January 2015
The importance of routine antibiotics following exodontias should not be addressed in isolation but in conjunction with other factors. Information obtained included patient bio-data, oral hygiene status, tooth extracted, type of exodontias (routine or surgical) and duration of extraction (< or > than 10 min). Randomized patients for extractions were divided into two groups, method of randomization and allotment of...
Anatomy of the periodontium: A biological basis for radiographic evaluation of periradicular pathology
November 2014
The periodontium surrounds and supports the teeth and consists of four major components; gingiva, periodontal ligaments, cementum/dentin, and alveolar bone/lamina dura, with collective function of keeping the tooth in position despite varying changes and responses during mastication. A near-normal radiograph of periradicular tissues was used as the basis for evaluation of some common periradicular...
Evaluation of a decontamination protocol prior to a full-mouth disinfection procedure: A randomised clinical study
November 2014
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the application of a chlorhexidine-based decontamination protocol during two weeks prior to scaling root planing (SRP) would reduce bleeding on probing (BoP) at the time of SRP. Secondary outcomes were other clinical parameters. Another secondary aim was to assess whether the improvement of periodontal conditions, if any, would have a benefit up to 3 months...
Periodontopathogenic bacterial species among patients with periodontal diseases at Mulago Hospital Dental Clinic in Kampala, Uganda: A cross-section study
October 2014
Periodontal diseases (PD) are disorders of the supporting structures of the teeth caused by components of the plaque that develop on the hard root surface adjacent to the soft tissues. Periodontal disease is caused by bacteria living in plaque biofilms. These bacteria also affect dental implants, causing peri-implantitis, and eventually implant failure. Early diagnosis and treatment to eliminate or significantly reduce...
Effectiveness of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite to reduce Enterococcus faecalis biofilm biomass
October 2014
Bacteria present in biofilm show an increased resistance to antimicrobial activity of endodontic irrigants, and the persistence of these microorganisms after chemomechanical preparation may lead to endodontic treatment failure. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX) to reduce E. faecalis biofilm biomass. Biofilms built by Enterococcus faecalis...
Periodontal health status in adult Brazilians of Nova Friburgo City
August 2014
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that can reach the periodontal protection, gingival and support, alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. Early diagnosis is important to prevent periodontal disease. Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) have been used in this study to evaluate the presence of periodontal disease at Planning Clinic of the Federal University of Fluminense, Nova Friburgo, RJ,...
Oral bacterial interactions in periodontal health and disease
August 2014
Periodontal disease and dental caries are infectious diseases resulting from the interactions of oral bacteria residing dental plaque and the host. The indigenous bacteria residing dental plaque are thought to be a relatively stable community of high species diversity, which may vary from site to site throughout the mouth. When this stability is disturbed, due to many host-specific and environmental factors, in addition...
Minimally invasive endodontics
July 2014
The primary goal of endodontic therapy is the long-term retention of a functional tooth by preventing or treating apical periodontitis. However, there are many other factors that impact endodontic outcomes such as the quality of the restoration and structural integrity of the tooth after root canal preparation. Contemporary research efforts are currently directed to better understanding dentine behaviour and structure...
Blood type determination from extracted deciduous teeth
July 2014
This study investigated the feasibility and accuracy of blood types identification through deciduous teeth, using absorption-elution. A total of 15 deciduous teeth extracted from 15 children were used to identify blood types which were compared with the blood types of the children's parents. The blood types of 5 (of 5) samples were fully-identified whose agglutination process took place less than a week....
A case study of denture base resins on the adhesion of Candida albicans to prevent denture stomatitis
May 2014
The objective of this case report was to investigate whether Candida albicans adhesion to the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture surface is reduced by surface modifications in two innovative methods. Three experimental groups on the tissue surface of a maxillary denture consisted of a control (pure PMMA), negatively surface-charged modified-PMMA (mPMMA), and application of a self-bonding polymer (SBP). The results...
Non surgical management of cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin: A case report
May 2014
Cutaneous sinus tracts of dental origin are often initially misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated because of their uncommon occurrence and the absence of symptoms in approximately half the individuals affected. This paper reports a case describing the diagnosis and treatment of an extra-oral cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin in relation to a mandibular left first molar. Non-surgical endodontic treatment was...
Comparing tap water mouth rinse with tooth brushing and sugar-free chewing-gum: Investigating the validity of a popular belief
April 2014
Among all oral diseases, tooth decay still imposes the greatest burden on health care systems. While patients prefer less complicated and time consuming preventive methods, the effectiveness of rinsing mouth with water has remained in the shadow. A great number of people, whether professional or not, believe that water rinse can be helpful where tooth-brush is not available. This study aimed to investigate that belief....
Dental care practices and caries experiences among teenagers in Hhohho sub-region, Swaziland
January 2014
Increased figures in tooth extractions among the youth population in the Northern Hhohho region of Swaziland prompted the researchers to investigate these development, with the purpose of assessing and describing dental healthcare practices and caries experiences among school going teenagers. The study engaged a randomized-survey design through a self-administered questionnaire. The population sample comprised 562...
In vitro assessments of white-spot lesions treated with NaF plus tricalcium phosphate (TCP) toothpastes using synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR micro-CT)
January 2014
Synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR micro-CT), considered superior to standard polychromatic micro-CT techniques, was used to assess the densities of bovine enamel white-spot lesions (WSL) treated in a 10-day pH cycling model with either: (A) Clinpro Tooth Crème (0.21% NaF plus TCP), (B) Clinpro 5000 (1.1% NaF plus TCP) or (C) Tom’s of Maine (0% NaF) dentifrice. Each day consisted of four 2...
Anticariogenic effect of tea: A review of literature
November 2013
The caries inhibitory effect of extract from tea which is one of the most popular beverages consumed has been studied both in vitro and in vivo. The exact mechanism by which tea can prevent dental caries is yet not known, but certain theories like bactericidal effects of tea against Streptococcus mutans and prevention of bacterial adherence to teeth have been suggested. The present article describes a brief review on...
Toothbrushes as fomites
November 2013
The role of toothbrushes in the cleanliness of the oral cavity cannot be overemphasized, but its importance as fomites in our homes cannot also be underestimated. This research was aimed at determining the probable role of toothbrush as fomite and quantifies the level of bacteria associated. A total of twenty toothbrushes of the same brand and type used by different individuals were collected and processed using...
Gender determination using primary teeth: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study
October 2013
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of various environmental factors on the preservation of pulp tissue in primary teeth as a source of DNA and its use for sex determination using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 120 samples were grouped into 4 groups of 30 teeth each. Group I samples were kept immersed in a bucket of drainage water, group II, III and IV samples were buried in sand taken from seashore, burial...
Plaque removal efficacy of a novel oral care device: A microbiological assessment
October 2013
In adults with inflammatory problems, self-performed mechanical plaque removal is insufficiently effective and should be improved. The aim of this study was to determine the biofilm removal efficacy of a new oral care device, the digital brush (Enacare, Micerium), a disposable gauze product soaked in 0.12% chlorhexidine. Changes in supragingival microbiota were investigated in 30 Caucasian patients (14 males and 16...
Dental erosion in patients with gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD)
July 2013
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) on dental erosion. The study group comprised 140 patients with the average age of 30 to 50 years old. All subjects completed a detailed questionnaire regarding dental and medical situations. Dental examination was performed by two examiners agreement method, and endoscopy was done by a gastroenterologist. Patients were...
In vitro assessments of white-spot lesions treated with NaF plus tricalcium phosphate (TCP) toothpastes using microtomography (micro-CT)
July 2013
X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) was used to assess the densities of white-spot lesions (WSL) treated with either a fluoride-free paste, or 0.21 or 1.1% NaF toothpastes containing functionalized tricalcium phosphate (TCP). Bovine enamel specimens were ground, polished and demineralized to form WSL. Specimens (N=10) were treated with one of the following NaF silica-based toothpastes in a 10-day pH cycling model: (1)...
Osteoporosis: A silent oral health deterrent
June 2013
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial degenerative condition of the bone characterized by leaching out of mineral content resulting in more porous and fragile bone vulnerable for fractures and infections, which seems to be affecting more in elderly. Fracture of bones in the elderly is really a social and economic burden on the country. Osteoporosis may accentuate the already existing periodontal diseases which are more...
Effect of honey for treatment of some common oral lesions: Follow up of 50 cases
June 2013
Honey is the nectar that is collected from many plants and processed by honey bees (Apis mellifera). This study is a pilot study that observes and evaluates the clinical efficacy of topical application of honey bees in treatment of some common inflammatory, vesiculobullous and ulcerative oral lesions. A total number of 50 patients complaining of different oral lesions were enrolled in this study. Oral lesions were...
Undergraduate dental curriculum of a Nigerian dental school and the behavioural science and management skills required for private dental practice
May 2013
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the undergraduate dental curriculum of the University of Lagos Dental School, adequately prepares the dental graduate with the behavioral science and business/management (practice management) skills required for private dental practice. A review of the current undergraduate dental curriculum of the University of Lagos Dental School was carried out to determine...
Assessment of periodontal treatment on lipid control in patients with cardiovascular disease
May 2013
Several studies have sought to explain the possible causal relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to find evidence that periodontal treatment is associated with changes in lipid levels in patients with cardiovascular disease after a 12-month follow-up period. Eighty patients were selected and divided into 4 groups of 20 patients each, as follows: 2 groups of...
Squamous cell carcinoma (well differentiated): A case report
April 2013
In India, cancer of the oral cavity is one of the five leading sites of cancer in either gender. More than 90% of the oral cancers occur in patients over the age of 45, with a male predilection. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common neoplasm of the oral cavity. The current case highlights the caution that needs to be exercised in clinical assessment and differential diagnosis of SCC from another chronic ulcer...
Evaluation of salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity, calcium and total protein levels in caries free and caries active adolescence
April 2013
The present study was undertaken to compare salivary flow rate, pH, calcium, buffering capacity and total protein between caries free and caries active adolescence. Un-stimulated whole saliva was collected from one hundred healthy adolescences with age range of 15 to 17 years who were divided to four groups: caries free female, caries free male, caries active female, caries free male. Then, flow rate of saliva was...
Accidental extrusion of sodium hypochlorite during endodontic treatment: A case report
March 2013
Root canal irrigants play a significant role in the elimination of microorganisms, removal of debris and smear layer from the root canals, and tissue dissolution.However, there remains a risk of extrusion of irrigants beyond the root canal system.Sodium hypochlorite is the most commonly used irrigant in endodontics due to its ability to dissolve organic soft tissue in the root canal system and its...
The effect of a self-bonding polymer on plaque and gingivitis over six months: A pilot study
March 2013
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of self-bonding polymer (SBP) (KISSCARE® Concentrated Gel, KISS-COTE Inc., Tampa, FL, USA) in relation to plaque attachment and subsequent gingival inflammation. This randomized blinded clinical study followed a split-mouth design and examined prospectively 15 participants over a 6-month period. The average plaque index (PI) and average gingival index (GI) were...
Titanium particles enhanced osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast bone resorption activity in vitro
February 2013
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of titanium particles that detached from dental implants on osteoclast differentiation and their bone resorption activity. Osteoclasts were generated by titanium particles medium and conditioned medium with or without anti-receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). The number of osteoclast was counted and the resorption areas on dentin slices were...
Self report of adverse gingival conditions among pregnant South-Western Nigerian women
February 2013
Reports have associated the occurrence of periodontal diseases, of which gingivitis is the earliest and commonest form in pregnancy with an increased risk for poor pregnancy outcome. There is dearth of information on the oral status of pregnant women in Nigeria. This study assessed self reported adverse gingival changes and its relationship with observed gingival health status among pregnant women in a South-Western...
A case of recalcitrant oral lichen planus
January 2013
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of unknown etiology that often involves the mucous membranes. Most of the non-ulcerative type of OLP improved with topical and systemic medications and recurrence is common. Here, a 52-year-old male presented with a 10-year history of persistent, gray-white oral mucosal discoloration and discomfort that had not improved after empiric treatment with topical...
Severe caries: A clinical dilemma
January 2013
The microbial etiology of dental caries is discussed in terms of the dynamic relationship among the dental plaque microbiota, dietary carbohydrate, saliva, pH lowering and the cariogenic potential of dental plaque. Herein, a case is presented in which the main cause of the caries for this pampered patient was compromised oral hygiene maintenance, after a history of a severe accident, in which he lost his digits....
Comparative evaluation of dimensional stability and surface quality of gypsum casts retrieved from disinfected addition silicone impressions at various time intervals: An in vitro study
December 2012
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the dimensional stability and surface quality of the gypsum casts retrieved from disinfected polyvinylsiloxane impressions at 10, 30 min and 1 h by immersion and spray method. Six impressions of each type of silicone material were made from a master model. In each group, three of the impressions were disinfected, while the other three were considered as control. The...
Risks of infection on odontological procedures
December 2012
This study assesses the routine adopted by dentists in Alfenas, Minas Gerais, during clinic practices, regarding to biosecurity procedures usage. In this study, 41 participants were randomly selected out of a roll provided by the Odontology Regional Council in Minas Gerais (CRO-MG), and were divided into three groups considering gender, general or specialized activity and period of college graduation. Misconceptions...
A modified technique that decreases the height of the upper lip in the treatment of gummy smile patients: A case series study
November 2012
Delayed passive eruption is conventionally treated with osteotomy and osteoplasty, which is limited to the vicinity of cementoenamel junction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical outcome of three gummy smile patients with delayed passive eruption submitted to an extended osteoplasty in the buccal aspect of anterior maxilla. Digital photograph images of maximal smile were taken in order to assess the...
Endogenous and exogenous teeth whitening through gel-based bleaching hydrogen peroxide (35%) with the aid of silicon guide
November 2012
The aim of this study is to demonstrate through a case report, a proposed treatment for discolored teeth, with and without pulp vitality, by the technique of external and internal tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide to 35% Lase Peroxide Sensy (DMC) using Whitening Lase II Device (DMC), and a silicone guide (3M ESPE) in the palatine portion of the upper teeth. In this clinical case, the patient had darkened dental...
Abnormal oral habits: A review
May 2012
Oral habits are learned patterns of muscle contraction and have a very complex nature. They are associated with anger, hunger, sleep, tooth eruption and fear. Some children even display oral habits for release of mental tension. These habits might be non-nutritive sucking (thumb, finger, pacifier and/or tongue), lip biting and bruxism events. These habits can result in damage to dentoalveolar structure; hence, dentists...
Prevalence of dental anomalies in Iranian orthodontic patients
May 2012
The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence and gender distribution of selected dental anomalies in an Iranian orthodontic population. This is a retrospective review of panoramic radiographs of 1590 subjects investigated for frequency of selected dental anomalies. Differences in the frequency of each dental anomaly by sex were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test. 12% of the patients showed at least one...
Posture alterations related to temporomandibular joint dysfunction
January 2012
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is directly connected with the cervical and scapular area through a common neuromuscular system. Therefore, postural alterations of the cervical spine may cause TMJ disorders and vice versa. The present study aims to compare the surface area described by the motions of the corporal center of pressure (CCP), before and after the installation of the occlusal splint in subject’s...
Dental anxiety in middle school children and their caregivers: Prevalence and severity
January 2012
This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence and severity of dental anxiety among middle school children and their caregivers in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 518 middle school children aged 11 to 15 years and 88 caregivers in the city of Jeddah. The Norman Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) was used to measure dental anxiety among the study group as well as a...
Neoplasms associated with odontogenic cysts
November 2011
The cysts that arise from odontogenic apparatus or those which have the ability to produce a lining similar to that of the tooth forming structures are referred to as odontogenic cyst. The cysts that are commonly considered to have neoplastic potential include dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts, calcifying odontogenic cysts, glandular odontogenic cysts and radicular cysts. The neoplastic component must be...
A comparative evaluation of a commercially available herbal and non-herbal dentifrice on dental plaque and gingivitis in children- A residential school-based oral health programme
September 2011
Gingivitis is common in all age groups and is thought to be a non-specific inflammatory reaction to a complex indigenous microbiota. Studies indicate that the prevalence of gingivitis increases during early teenage years. Supragingival plaque control is an effective method of controlling gingivitis. Undoubtedly, the most widely practiced form of oral hygiene is tooth brushing with a dentifrice. Recently, interest in...
An in vitro preliminary study on the growth inhibition of oral microflora by snake venom
September 2011
Oral health in most Brazilian municipalities is still a big challenge, particularly with regards to universalization, the equity of care and the high cost involved in restorative therapy. The demand to discover new natural products with antibacterial activity for the prevention of dental diseases, and perhaps with less health and financial impacts, would be very important to obtain an effective way to control the...
Why do patients prefer Khyber College of Dentistry for dental treatment? A hospital based study
September 2011
The objective of this study was to investigate and analyze the most common reasons for patients visiting Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, for dental treatment rather than visiting other dental care centers and private clinics. About 300 patients who visited Khyber College of Dentistry during the period from 20th October 2010 to 5th November 2010, irrespective of gender, were...
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