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Globally, wetlands are recognized as the most productive ecosystems due to sustaining a wide range of biodiversity and for providing goods and services to nearby communities. The study was carried out in three wetlands in Ethiopia; namely, Adele, Teneke and Haramaya. The data was collected from January 2016 to May 2016 in the villages which are in proximity to the wetlands to determine the degree of dependency on the...
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Among the crops that can potentially be used to provide the raw material needed for liquid biofuel production Jatropha curcas L. is the one that generates most interest in many development projects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production and development of 3-year-old Jatropha curcas L. seedlings in 2012. The results showed that after three years of planting, subsoiling and provenance have no effect on growth...
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Iglas and Beswan are the towns in Aligarh district in of Uttar Pradesh, India. These are located along Aligarh- Mathura high way at 24 kms from Aligarh. These are located at 27°43’ N 77°56’ E. It has an average elevation of 178 meters. The town area extends from Karban River (towards Mathura) to old Canal (towards Aligarh).In the present study Groundwater samples were collected from Iglas and Beswan town. The samples were...
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Water Quality Problems, Related Challenges and their Impacts on the Ethiopian Fishery
The purpose of this review article was to explore the drivers of the water quality problems and associated impacts and mitigation schemes of the fishes and fisheries in Ethiopia. In order to set up this manuscript the data sources were obtained from both published and unpublished online documents as well as from different Ethiopian Universities and Institutions. The country (Ethiopia) has the potential to produce more fish...
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Effective management of solid wastes is a goal that is yet to be achieved in many countries, even developed ones. In attempt to carry out a study on effective waste management system as a solution to the menace marine litters pose on coastal communities, three coastal areas in Lagos State Nigeria which are known for fishing, recreation, housing, and other various coastal activities were selected. Three groups of research...
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This study assessed the vulnerability of biophysical and socio-economic systems to the impacts of climate change and variability with particular emphasis on gender, age and marginalized groups using household survey. The study was carried out within the Mau Forest Complex, Narok County in Kenya where the sample size was calculated based on probability proportional to estimated size. Proportionate stratified multistage...
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Analysis of Regional Flood frequency and its Socio-economic impact in Ethiopia
Flood is the major catastrophic phenomena that induce a significant impact on human life and property. As seminal papers indicated that it is a common problem in Ethiopia; however, its frequency and magnitude had increased rapidly in the last half century. Methods were developed like Flood frequency curves in order relate magnitude of peak flow with return period. The conventional way of flood frequency analysis was...
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Heavy metal pollution in the environment; bivalves as bio-monitors a 50-year review
There has been a steady increase in the quantity and diversity of discharges that reach aquatic environment, both organic and inorganic, either synthesized or mobilized by man as a result of high population growth and development activities. This has led to the appearance of several types of pollution. Inland and coastal waters have been the most affected, since most major cities are located near water bodies. Monitoring...
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Physico - chemical properties and heavy metal contents of a tropical estuarine ecosystem, Nigeria
Ibaka estuarine in Mbo, Nigeria has little or no information on its basic properties, therefore its water samples were studied from March to June 2018 in three different stations and compared with International Standards to evaluate its physico – chemical properties as well as heavy metal contents. The physico – chemical properties studied include pH, Salinity (g/l), Ec (µs/cm), Turbidity (NTU), Total suspended solids...
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CONDITIONS OF AVAILABLE SOURCES OF WATER FOR DOMESTIC USE IN SELECTED COMMUNITIES IN ADO-EKITI
The challenges of high quality water for domestic use and particularly for potability must be overcome in its entire ramification for health and ecological environment. The aim of this study is to identifying the conditions of domestic water sources in Ado-Ekiti. One water sample was drawn from the two different sources of water i.e. shallow well and Ureje river at Ureje, and two samples from one water source i.e. borehole...
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FOREST LANDSCAPE MODELING FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
Ikere forest reserve is a State owned forest estate and has experienced changes in its landscape pattern. Therefore, this study is set to assess the dynamic characteristics of the forest reserve landscape between 1985 and 2017 using remote sensing data and spatial metrics. Landscape of the study area maintained complex patterns of spatial heterogeneity over throughout the years. Forest cover loss to other land cover types...
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KINETICS OF PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION BY Ca/Cr LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE
Kinetics of phosphate adsorption by Ca/Cr Layered double hydroxide (LDH) in a batch reactor was investigated in this study. The kinetic experiments indicated that the sorption of phosphate from the synthetic feed solution by the synthesised LDH was very fast, with over 98% removal being achieved within 5 min of contact. Kinetic modeling of the sorption process to different kinetic models (pseudo first order, pseudo second...
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Contextually, precipitation fluctuated due to climate variability and evolved due to emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases and land-use changes since the industrial revolution in the 1880s. However, some studies problematised that there is little understanding of nexuses between precipitation changes and climate change and variability in tropical Africa. Therefore, this paper sought to assess such linkages in...
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Renewable energies Management of World Energy Resources: What Choices for the Future?
The energy enables technical innovations, health, agricultural and transport progress. The economic and social development and the energy production are linked, although some energy-rich countries are poor. Developed countries are the biggest consumers. The energy consumption is increasing with the increase of the world population. Fossil energies are dominant in the consumption. Nuclear energies are often decried because...
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Water is an indispensable resource to mankind and life in general. Over the world, issues of water scarcity and quality are becoming pronounced with increasing global population, industrialization and urbanization. Developmental activities of man can lead to the deterioration of surface and groundwater. As a result, groundwater has become an important source of water supply throughout the world. This research is very...
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Biodegradation of pyrene by a mixed culture isolated from hydrocarbon-polluted soil
This paper presents the biodegradation of pyrene (C16H10), a four-benzene-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) using a mixed culture of bacteria. The mixed culture was enriched from hydrocarbon-polluted soil sample, using a plate incubated with a thin film of pyrene. The isolates were identified biochemically as Bacillus cereus and Enterobacter aerogenes. The mixed culture bacteria degraded approximately 90% of the...
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Around three million premature deaths annually are ascribed to household air pollution (HAP) arising from inefficient burning of biomass and emissions of products of incomplete combustion. The developing-world response has been widespread adoption of improved cookstove (ICS) technologies. This exploratory study evaluates variation in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) attached to inhalable particulate matter (PM) in...
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Study by numerical simulation of a PN solar cell in 3C-SiC / Si
The optimization of the solar cell includes the study of the influence of parameters such as cell thickness, doping levels and profiles, contact configuration and optical confinement on the output to obtain a structure leading to the best performance. The optimal parameters depend on the structure of the solar cell, the quality of the substrate material (lifetime, mobility), the quality of the ohmic contacts, the speed of...
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In this study, we worked on the modelling and the simulation of atmospheric conditions impact on photovoltaic production in Saint Louis area. Using Ineichen's model based on the disorder factor of Link, an assessment of sunshine in the study area has been made. A characterization of the irradiation is elaborated by modelling the radiation and by simulating outputs of a photovoltaic power plant. We can estimate aerosols...
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biogas productivity potential of residues of the transformation of halieutics products. Experiments was conducted in two digesters of PUXIN model of 20 m3, where the temperature is 35°C. The Multirae analyser was used to know the composition of biogas produced. A gas counter was also used for counting the amount of biogas produced during the experiment. There was also a balloon...
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In this work, a hybrid algorithm of Levenberg-Marquardt and empiric analytic method is proposed to solve the recurring convergence problem that occurs during the module parameters extraction with the iterative method. The proposed method aims to avoid divergence and a long computation time due to the improper initial value. Elsewhere, LTSpice photovoltaic cell model is developed to simulate the extracted parameters in...
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Fluvial sediment discharge to coastal area contributes to the stability of the coast. Deposition of fluvial sediment discharge is an important source of beach nourishment, nutrient for aquatic ecology and habitats. However, human development and interventions on rivers in the form of dams and flood alleviation schemes, tend to reduce fluvial sediment supply to the coast, thus impacting on coastal stability and...
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The study investigated solid waste sorting and storage practices in the different activity areas of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospital was stratified into eight major groups. The groups consisted of 101 units, out of which 42 units were areas, where mixture of medical and non-medical waste were produced. The remaining 59 units were areas where only non-medical waste was generated. Using...
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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become an issue of the contemporary times especially a concern in the urban environments of developing countries. Modernization and changing life style is contributing to this issue at large. Various aspects of MSW management in the Millennium City i.e. Cuttack, one of the commercial hubs of Orissa were assessed in order to formulate strategies so that effective management can be done. The...
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and their dynamics in the Ferozpur stream of Kashmir valley. The investigation revealed that the dynamics of physico-chemical parameters depends on both autochthonous and allochthonous inputs and interactions taking place in the stream. This study was aimed to analyze the stream at various locations based on the physico-chemical parameters as most...
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This research paper evaluated the level of effectiveness of facilities management in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) in Bauchi town; the existing scope, strategy, practices & roles, challenges with regard to the effectiveness of their management of facilities, engineering and maintenance services. The state of facilities management in ATBUTH.is presented in the result of this...
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This work is aimed at enlightening the public on the level of contamination of our waters and other aquatic environment. A large number of manufacturing companies prefer to locate their plants in the rural environment where no one queries the treatment of their effluents. This attitude is becoming a common practice which has to be regulated. In this research, Lalupon, a rural setting in Ibadan, Nigeria is no longer a safe...
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Introduction: A high proportion of waterborne disease outbreaks that are most often originating from pathogens, which found in drinking water sources due to fecal contamination. Both developed and developing countries may face the pollution problems of water sources, invariably though they are the most prevalent issues in the third world nations. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the bacteriological...
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Wind from different directions induce waves - waves to collid at the central zone of Taihu Lake. It caused exchange in water bodies and release of internal nutrients which increased algal bloom. The aim of this study perceived the impact of the interactions between waves-waves collision from different directions and different sources such as traveling ships and explored factors causing sediment resuspension. The results...
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Noise Levels at Traffic Intersections and Exposure Analysis in Chandrapur City, Central India
Noise level monitoring was carried out at nine traffic intersections of Chandrapur city during January 2017. A pre-calibrated mini sound level meter was used for noise measurement. Observations were recorded for 24 hours and noise level during day (Ld), night (Ln) and for 24 hours (Ldn) was computed. Maximum noise level during daytime (Ld) was recorded as 84.27 dB(A) at Bangali camp square; whereas, minimum 79.23 dB(A) at...
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Source to in-house and seasonal contamination of drinking-water quality is a persistent problem in developing countries. This study was conducted in Damot Sore Woreda, Southern Ethiopia to examine physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water. In this study, four Kebele administrations were selected by purposive sampling technique. Location map and water quality sampling point were prepared using Arc GIS...
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In this study, some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Co) were analysed in the pioneer hydroelectric dam of South West Ethiopian’s of Gilgel Gibe I and its potential tributaries. Five water samples from the dam and four water samples from potential tributaries were collected by systematic random sampling and purposive sampling method respectively. The water Samples and blanks were digested prior to analysis. FAAS were used...
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The objective of this study was to assess existing participation of Ameya Woreda community in forest resource conservation (2013). Opinion survey, semi-structured interview, personal observation, and focus group discussion were employed to obtain primary and secondary data. 184 samples respondents were contacted in the case obtaining primary data. The data collected from primary sources were analyzed using descriptive...
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Microbial succession in a laboratory-scale bioremediation of oily sludge
This study sought to identify microbial succession during a laboratory scale-bioremediation of oily sludge. During the 12 week bioremediation study, samples were obtained, diluted and treated to a cocktail of spread-plating on nutrient, potatoes dextrose and Bushnell Haas agar were employed for heterotrophic, fungal and hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial and fungal count. Tentatively, biochemical, morphologic and microscopic...
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A HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FRAMEWORK OF UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
The study determined the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the water supply sources at the University of Port Harcourt; as well as employed a triangulated descriptive cross-sectional retrospective survey, to identify the factors that guide consumers’ selection and consumption of drinking-water, and equally assessed their perception of drinking-water quality and its impact on public health. The pH of all the...
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MANAGING ANTHROPOGENIC WASTES IN THE COASTAL WATERS IN NIGERIA, AS A MEANS OF GENERATING EMPLOYMENT
Human health and environmental quality are undergoing continuous degradation by the increasing amount of wastes being produced. Although some environmental pollution is as a result of natural causes, most are caused by human activities (anthropogenic). Waste generation is closely linked to population, urbanization and affluence. The Coastal zones constitute some of the world’s most productive areas. The offshore sectors...
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The study was conducted at Enyigba mining area in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria, to evaluate the effect of artisanal mineral mining activities on heavy metals (lead, zinc and cadmium) concentrations and Chemical Properties of soils of Enyigba mining area. Auger Soil Samples (0-20cm) were collected at the four compass directions from zero to 100m and 2500m away from the mine site at 10m intervals. At each sampling...
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The Bujagali hydropower project is a 250 megawatt facility that was set up to alleviate power shortages in Uganda. The project was perceived to have negative effects on major physico chemical characteristics of the upper Victoria Nile water. Key water physico chemical parameters monitored biannually in April and September from 2006 to 2015 at the upstream and downstream transects and in the reservoir were dissolved oxygen,...
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During the past five decades the Nigerian Government generated vast resource from oil revenues from various oil related operations. However, the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has experienced various form of unrest due to the devastation caused by oil drilling in the region ranging through oil spillage, water contamination air pollution and various ecological dilapidations. This study examines and tests sstakeholders...
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During drilling operation, operators face challenges related to processing large volumes of produced drill cutting wastes which contain hazardous materials and can be detrimental to the environment when not treated properly prior to disposal. Radio-nuclides, a constituent of drill cutting wastes which could cause adverse effects on the environment at concentration above the acceptable limit have not been thoroughly...
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ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER QUALITY: A CASE OF HAWELLA TULLA, HAWASSA
The quality of ground water depends on various chemical constituents and their concentrations, with the booming of the Hawassa city; the existing situation of the water quality status and the corresponding anthropogenic impacts on the ground water aquifer is questionable. So, the aim of this study was to assess the present status of the groundwater quality on the basis of seasonal variation in Hawella Tulla sub-city,...
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The concept of a reference condition is increasingly used to describe benchmarks against which current condition is compared. This study defines criteria that represent reference sites for assessing highland streams in four major river basins of Ethiopia. Twenty a priori criteria were chosen as representative for Ethiopian highlands and they reflect some aspects of naturalness and address wide range of human disturbances....
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ESTIMATING THE WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED MUNICIPAL SOLIDWASTE MANAGEMENT IN NAIROBI, KENYA
The rapid accumulation of municipal solid waste in many developing countries has been linked to urbanization, population growth and low budgetary allocation for urban solid waste management. This study aims at determining the households’ willingness to pay for improved solid waste management to reduce air pollution in Nairobi, Kenya. In order to undertake the study, the sample of 114 households around the Dandora dumpsite...
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Treated Sewage may be considered as new water resource in the developing, developed and water scarcity countries. The objective of paper is not only to find out potential of reuse but also it should be economical reuse. This study was initially focused on the current applications and reuse standards which are suggested by Centre for Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO) and Central Pollution...
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Evaluation of Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) in the sediments of Ouémé delta in Benin
The Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) pollution of aquatic ecosystems and their intrusion and inclusion into the food chain exposes public health to enormous risks. This study assesses the risks associated with the pollution of surface sediments from Ouémé delta with Pb. Cu and Cd. In these sediments stratifications, the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments were evaluated. Total metal contents are determined by the...
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Study of physico-chemical characteristics of ground water of west zone, Central India
The present study is aimed at assessing the ground water quality of West Zone Central India and its residential area.The physicochemical parameter of water samples collected from various places in and around West Zone Central India. The physicochemical parameters like, temperature, pH, total hardness, total dissolved solid, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate,...
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Climate Change Mitigation Efforts in Ghana
There is a strong correlation between energy, environment and sustainable development. Ideally, a society seeking sustainable development must utilize only energy resources which have little or no environmental impact. Technological changes such as energy savings on the demand side, efficiency improvements in energy production and consumption, and replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy are the typical strategies...
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The Kenyan national water quality standard recommends that water should be safe for human consumption. If not protected, ground water can easily be contaminated with many pollutants including biological pathogenic microorganisms. Waterborne diseases can be effectively controlled through proper sanitary procedures that result in use of good quality water through proper sanitary procedures. The main purpose of the study was...
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Research work was carried out to assess the capacity of strains of fungi isolated from raw textile and partially treated effluent, discharge point, up and down Stream of Challawa River to resist and grow in the presence of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) invitro. Fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Chrysosporium, Microsporum , Trichoderma and Rhizopus species were isolated from the study sites...
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This study was carried out to investigate seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in sediments of Ala River, South-west, Nigeria. The total amount of PAHs (∑PAHs) concentration ranged from 4.6 μgg-1to 10.1 μgg-1 dry weights during wet season and from 3.8- 10.3μg.g-1dry weights during the dry season. The total concentrations of PAHs were higher in most of the sites during wet season 80 % and 20 %...
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