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Dumpsite waste pickers face stigma, harassment and exposure to occupational health and safety risk factors despite their important role in waste materials recycling. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the risk factors that the pickers were exposed to and their impacts, level of awareness on occupational health and safety and its relationship with waste recovery practices. The population of the study comprised the...
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Climate Change Effect on Crops Performance with a focus on Cereals: a Review
As climate change has demonstrated a variable effect in different part of the world, its effect is severe in the developing world. Climate change, the ambient weather factors are becoming beyond the suitability ranges, is imposing a negative effect on the adaptation and production of the crops. This is because of variability and change in precipitation, solar radiation, temperature, CO2 concentration, thereby, leading to...
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of a cyclonic scrubber in a simultaneous removal of suspended particles and SO2 from the warm airflow in factories extracting lead. At first, the sampling from the suspended particles and SO2 gases exhausted from the chimneys was carried out before applying the filtration system. Then, the cyclone scrubber system was designed based on the pressure, velocity and...
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Environmental monitoring of the cross-border Struma (Strymónas) River between Bulgaria and Greece
This study is generally aimed at underlining the importance of environmental monitoring for effective preservation of the natural resources for future generations, including water, soil, air, forests, biodiversity, and agricultural lands. Specifically, the research is geared towards obtaining information on the quality and possible contamination of water and sediments along the cross-border Struma River and its inflows as...
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The current rapid increase in population together with expansion of the town is producing large volumes of wastes, which demand greater infrastructure, institutional setup and community participation for its management. However, most of solid wastes that generated are remaining uncollected and simply dumped at open space. This study describes the current solid waste management problems and spatial distribution in Chiro...
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Hydrocarbon distribution in the vicinity of electrical transformer in Minna, Niger state of Nigeria
Ingestion of hydrocarbons above tolerable limit is known to have advance effect on human health. This study focuses on the distribution and concentration of n-alkanes, iso-alkanes and cycloalkanes from soil around electrical transformer in Minna area of Niger state. GC-MS was used to determine the concentration of these Hydrocarbons. The results showed that the concentrations of these compounds are higher and lower at 10 m...
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It is well known that weather conditions could aggravate factors for climate-sensitive disease. This paper assesses on the effects of extreme temperature and rainfall events on human health in Addis Ababa City. Health statistics of different seasons were utilized for the assessment of health impact on urban population in Addis Ababa. Surface temperatures pattern were analyzed to investigate the urban warming effect....
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Assessment of Solid Waste Management Practice in Wolkite Town, Central Ethiopia
Solid Waste is unwanted materials generated from different sources. The objective of the study was exploring major solid waste and management in Wolkite town. The data was collecting using primary data through questionnaires, structure and semi-structured interviews, and field observations. The analysis of this work was carried out using quantitative description. Data on frequency distribution of solid waste in Wolkite...
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A study was conducted in Lake Victoria to assess the occurrence, levels and risks of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in four processed L. niloticus products (salted-sundried, trims, smoked and deep-fried). Samples extractions were done using QuEChERS method while detection and quantification of congeners was done using a GC- ECD and GC- MS. Six PCBs (CB 28, CB 52, CB 118, CB 138, CB 153 and CB 180) were detected...
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Poor sanitation, water and hygiene are related to several and severe negative implications on health and the environment. In recent years, community-based management of water and sanitation facilities have been linked to improving access to these facilities. Ghana is also on its way to achieving the Strategic Development Goals (SDGs) for access to potable water. However, several studies have found gaps between increased...
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The purpose of this paper is to synthesize the analysis of the relationship that occurs between the occurrence of disasters, the level of development and the need for a sustainable development style as a framework strategy for comprehensive risk management. The so-called natural disasters are not in essence natural, but only triggered by natural events such as floods or earthquakes; the disaster itself is a social...
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This study focused on the comparative evaluation of the potentials of exotic and indigenous breed hen eggshell powder as an adsorbent for the removal of Chromium (VI) ion from textile wastewater. The effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, solution pH and solution temperature were investigated in a batch process and evaluated. The results showed that the optimum conditions were adsorbent dose of 6g, contact time of 3 h,...
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APPLICATION OF TRACERS IN GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY
Laboratory study was carried out to investigate the effect of acidic and alkaline characteristics of groundwater medium on three tracers (rhodamine B, eosin and potassium dichromate) commonly used for groundwater investigations. This is with the view of improving the criterion used in the selection of tracers for groundwater investigations. The factors considered are: the maximum tracer concentration, Cmax, which could be...
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Evaluation of a poultry litter pelleting machine
In this study a designed and fabricated single screw pelleting machine was evaluated for the production of poultry litter pellets. The design of the components (hopper, barrel, screw auger, dies) of the poultry litter pelleter was done using standard engineering procedures. The poultry litter obtained from a local farm was air-dried, milled and rewetted to the moisture content required for the experiment. Performance...
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An analysis of the vegetation and soil relations in a mixed Tree Bush Savannah (TBS) of Mushandike Wildlife Sanctuary within Tokwe Mukorsi dam basin of Zimbabwe is presented. The objective of this study was to ascertain some perceptible Colophospermun mopane species found in low lying arid or semi arid areas on granite to confirm its indicator value for sodic soils in Zimbabwe. Enumeration and measurements of species along...
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Water supply is a mandatory service for Tanzanians from respective legal public water utilities, and their sustainability reflects implementations of best management strategies at local level. The objective of this study was to assess current approaches used in water quality and quantity managements in Tanzania. This was achieved through secondary water data tends, on-site water quality assessments, visits of respective...
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Challenges in maintaining Sustainability of Drinking Water Systems – Aftermath of a natural disaster
October 8, 2005 earthquake was a major calamity affecting the northern regions of Pakistan disturbing the social system generally and drinking water supply systems specifically. In response several organizations of national and international backgrounds intervened the affected areas contributing in different areas including water supply systems. The current study assessed over eight hundred (800) water supply systems in...
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Neutral temperature determination study conducted in naturally ventilated residential buildings of Jimma town, south-west Ethiopia. 98 residential buildings were systematically selected and the questionnaire was administrated to adult residents in each of selected buildings. They were asked about their thermal sensation for consecutive seven days at living rooms in the morning, afternoon, evening and night times and their...
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Sustainability Management in the Mining Industry - A Case Study of AngloGold Ashanti Obuasi Mine
In recent times, there has been growing concerns about natural resource depletion and pollution related problems across mining areas in Ghana. This research presents a study on sustainability management of large-scale mining concessions, using AngloGold Ashanti as a case study. A top down approach (looking into arguments from different stakeholders) and qualitative interviews were adopted to gather information. Conclusions...
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The Impact of Urban Expansion on Physical Environment in Debre Markos Town, Ethiopia
This study aims to investigate the major consequence of urban expansion in urban areas particularly in Debre Markos town with review of relevant literatures. The finding of the paper was presented by using charts, table, graphs, and figures. This study shows that Debre Markos town is one of Ethiopian urban settings experiencing unique rate of urbanization through expansion. The findings of the study showed that the trend...
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SHORT TERM WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF VAMANAPURAM RIVER, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT, KERALA, INDIA
The study was carried out in Vamanapuram River, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, India to assess the water quality for domestic purposes between February and July, 2017. Fifteen physico-chemical parameters of water were estimated and qualitative and quantitative studies of algae were made. Low values of DO (3.0 - 3.97 mg/l) and high BOD (12.0 - 15.0 mg/l) indicate high level of organic pollution in the river. The...
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It is very precious to get clean and enough potable water supply in many parts of the Afar region in Ethiopia. Most of the Afar population living condition is nomadic and cattle based agriculture, hence move from place to place to search hay and food for their cattle. They settle, most of the time, along the periphery of the rivers. Lots of governmental and non-governmental organizations, like Kelem Ethiopia, are...
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Biological monitoring and assessment studies due to urban--road pollutants were carried out using Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of plants. Four plant (leaf) parameters--namely ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, relative water content and leaf extract pH were combined together in a formulation signifying the APTI of plants. APTI was calculated for five different shrub species viz. Bougainvillea glabra, Duranta...
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Abatement of Crude oil Polluted Soils Using Some Agricultural Wastes
This study was on the effect of ameliorated treatment of crude oil-polluted soils on the physicochemical properties of the soil. Top soil (0-25cm depth) was randomly collected from three points bulked to form composite soil sample. Six kilogrammes each of dried soil was weighed into plastic buckets. The soils contained in the plastic buckets were polluted with 0.3 litres of crude oil. The following amendments: groundnut...
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ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL OF MECHANIC WORKSHOPS ALONG AIRPORT ROAD, ABUJA
Concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu, were determined in topsoil collected from Gosa, Sabon-Lugbe, Aco and Lugbe Auto mechanic workshops along airport road, Abuja, Nigeria, using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method with a view to determining the level of contamination of the areas with the heavy metals. Average values of the heavy metals in (ppm) for all sample locations ( Gosa, Lugbe, Aco and Sabon-Lugbe)...
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VALORIZATION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOFUEL AND CHEMICAL
Conventional production of platform chemicals from fossil fuel has two major disadvantages. It exerts pressure on the depleting world fossil-fuel resources and posses enormous environmental threat. Lignocellulosic materials such as wood wastes are potential resources for the production of chemicals and biofuels. Forest/Agricultural wastes are cheap, renewable and their conversion to bio-based chemicals contributes to green...
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In this article, we study modified nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) by nano manganese oxide (Mn3O4) as adsorbent material to remove iron ions from groundwater. Different parameters were studied to option optimum conditions of removing such as contact time, pH, initial concentration, a dosage of adsorbent, agitation speed and temperature. Kinetics studies included first order (R2= 0.915), pseudo-first order (R2 = 0.936), second...
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A good knowledge of fuel characteristics is a major asset for their acceptability and their diffusion. The present research is intended to be a contribution to a comparative study of the combustible briquettes locally produced using Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The physicochemical characterization of the briquettes was carried out by the determination of the moisture content, dry matter, volatile organic matter, fixed...
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The review investigates phytoremediation as an alternative environmentally-friendly method of cleaning and restoring hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Phytoremediation is a ‘green’ technology that exploits the natural ability of green plants to remove, degrade or suppress contaminants in soils, sludges, sediments, surface-water and ground-water in an ecologically-friendly manner. Its processes are stimulated by sunlight and...
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The rain fed crop production is inherently sensitive to climate variability and change. This research aimed to investigate the trend of climate variability and change and examine its impact on rain fed crop production in the Lokka Abaya District. For this purpose, 190 respondents were selected using purposive sampling technique from four villages. To collect data, interview schedule, key informant interview and focus group...
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Linking Spatial and Temporal Scales to Socio-economic Drivers of Land Use Land Cover Change
Urban land cover changes represent a response to socioeconomic, political, demographic, and environmental conditions. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology that will integrate socio-economic factors on driving forces generated by residents’ and experts’ opinions in order to provide scientific basis and a broader input for establishing Transition Probability matrix than spatio-temporal input than relying only on...
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Wetland restoration success is dependent on the likeness of both structure and function of the restored wetland systems comparable to reference sites. Assessing the success of restoration is reliant on the monitoring and evaluation of the restored system overtime as was done with Nakyesanja, a restored wetland, and Kiryagonja, a referenced natural wetland in Wakiso District, Uganda. The objectives of this study were to...
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Estimation of carbon dioxide emissions from rice field of Muvumba P-8 marshland in Rwanda
Globally wetlands appear as a significant source of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission. Rwanda is facing a new challenge of emission of CO2 gases from the rice fields and there is lack of sufficient data showing how it affects the environment. The objective of this paper is to estimate the CO2 gas emissions in different time of the day to determine maximum and minimum CO2 gas emissions from the rice field. An experiment was...
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ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN DOMESTIC WATERS IN FOUR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
BACKGROUND: The study determined the concentrations of lead, arsenic, cadmium, zinc and copper in domestic water samples in four Local Government Areas of Osun State, Nigeria. This was with a view of providing information on the quality and safety of domestic waters from wells and boreholes in the study areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred water samples were collected from wells and boreholes in four Local...
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This study was conducted in Aysaita, Afar Regional State of Ethiopia. The study used simple random sampling to select 153 respondents in the study area. In addition, focus group discusion in each kebeles were made with 7 members in the group having the elderly, rich, medium and poor men and women included. While secondary data were collected from project report at districts level. The key informant interview included...
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ABSTRACT This study shows the effect of adsorbent dosage and contact time of activated carbon produced from palm kernel for adsorption of lead. Investigation shows that adsorption of lead by the activated palm kernel reached a maximum after 132 minutes where 67% of lead in the solution was adsorbed. This occurred at an activated carbon concentration of 0.5g/l. Generally, adsorption rate was shown to increase with increase...
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Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges: The Case of Halaba Town in Southern Ethiopia
Solid waste, which is a consequence of day-to-day activity of human kind, needs to be managed properly. Due to rapid increase in urbanization and population, the generation rate of municipal solid waste in Halaba town is also increasing due to which the town is facing several difficulties in providing proper solid waste management services to its population. Accordingly, the objective of this particular study was to assess...
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Among the crops that can potentially be used to provide the raw material needed for liquid biofuel production Jatropha curcas L. is the one that generates most interest in many development projects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production and development of 3-year-old Jatropha curcas L. seedlings in 2012. The results showed that after three years of planting, subsoiling and provenance have no effect on growth...
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Iglas and Beswan are the towns in Aligarh district in of Uttar Pradesh, India. These are located along Aligarh- Mathura high way at 24 kms from Aligarh. These are located at 27°43’ N 77°56’ E. It has an average elevation of 178 meters. The town area extends from Karban River (towards Mathura) to old Canal (towards Aligarh).In the present study Groundwater samples were collected from Iglas and Beswan town. The samples were...
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This study assessed the vulnerability of biophysical and socio-economic systems to the impacts of climate change and variability with particular emphasis on gender, age and marginalized groups using household survey. The study was carried out within the Mau Forest Complex, Narok County in Kenya where the sample size was calculated based on probability proportional to estimated size. Proportionate stratified multistage...
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Analysis of Regional Flood frequency and its Socio-economic impact in Ethiopia
Flood is the major catastrophic phenomena that induce a significant impact on human life and property. As seminal papers indicated that it is a common problem in Ethiopia; however, its frequency and magnitude had increased rapidly in the last half century. Methods were developed like Flood frequency curves in order relate magnitude of peak flow with return period. The conventional way of flood frequency analysis was...
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FOREST LANDSCAPE MODELING FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
Ikere forest reserve is a State owned forest estate and has experienced changes in its landscape pattern. Therefore, this study is set to assess the dynamic characteristics of the forest reserve landscape between 1985 and 2017 using remote sensing data and spatial metrics. Landscape of the study area maintained complex patterns of spatial heterogeneity over throughout the years. Forest cover loss to other land cover types...
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KINETICS OF PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION BY Ca/Cr LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDE
Kinetics of phosphate adsorption by Ca/Cr Layered double hydroxide (LDH) in a batch reactor was investigated in this study. The kinetic experiments indicated that the sorption of phosphate from the synthetic feed solution by the synthesised LDH was very fast, with over 98% removal being achieved within 5 min of contact. Kinetic modeling of the sorption process to different kinetic models (pseudo first order, pseudo second...
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Renewable energies Management of World Energy Resources: What Choices for the Future?
The energy enables technical innovations, health, agricultural and transport progress. The economic and social development and the energy production are linked, although some energy-rich countries are poor. Developed countries are the biggest consumers. The energy consumption is increasing with the increase of the world population. Fossil energies are dominant in the consumption. Nuclear energies are often decried because...
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Water is an indispensable resource to mankind and life in general. Over the world, issues of water scarcity and quality are becoming pronounced with increasing global population, industrialization and urbanization. Developmental activities of man can lead to the deterioration of surface and groundwater. As a result, groundwater has become an important source of water supply throughout the world. This research is very...
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The study investigated solid waste sorting and storage practices in the different activity areas of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospital was stratified into eight major groups. The groups consisted of 101 units, out of which 42 units were areas, where mixture of medical and non-medical waste were produced. The remaining 59 units were areas where only non-medical waste was generated. Using...
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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become an issue of the contemporary times especially a concern in the urban environments of developing countries. Modernization and changing life style is contributing to this issue at large. Various aspects of MSW management in the Millennium City i.e. Cuttack, one of the commercial hubs of Orissa were assessed in order to formulate strategies so that effective management can be done. The...
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and their dynamics in the Ferozpur stream of Kashmir valley. The investigation revealed that the dynamics of physico-chemical parameters depends on both autochthonous and allochthonous inputs and interactions taking place in the stream. This study was aimed to analyze the stream at various locations based on the physico-chemical parameters as most...
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This research paper evaluated the level of effectiveness of facilities management in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) in Bauchi town; the existing scope, strategy, practices & roles, challenges with regard to the effectiveness of their management of facilities, engineering and maintenance services. The state of facilities management in ATBUTH.is presented in the result of this...
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This work is aimed at enlightening the public on the level of contamination of our waters and other aquatic environment. A large number of manufacturing companies prefer to locate their plants in the rural environment where no one queries the treatment of their effluents. This attitude is becoming a common practice which has to be regulated. In this research, Lalupon, a rural setting in Ibadan, Nigeria is no longer a safe...
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