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In this work, a hybrid algorithm of Levenberg-Marquardt and empiric analytic method is proposed to solve the recurring convergence problem that occurs during the module parameters extraction with the iterative method. The proposed method aims to avoid divergence and a long computation time due to the improper initial value. Elsewhere, LTSpice photovoltaic cell model is developed to simulate the extracted parameters in...
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This study investigates the variability and the predictability of bush fire on inter-annual and multi-year timescales in Guinea (latitudes 7° 05 and 12° 51 N and longitudes 7° 30 and 15° 10 W). Using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) with a spatial resolution of 231m x 231m and 16 days composite temporal resolution between 2001 and 2016, two brush fire hazard indices are calculated based on the NDVI...
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Modeling ensemble streamflow: application to the Senegal River upper the Manantali Dam
This study presents an ensemble stream flow simulation with probability of occurrence accounting for errors of the GR4J turned to the Senegal river upper the Manantali dam. Through this approach probability is associated to simulation at each time step and reliability of issues will depends on probability scores. Results including the reliability of the results permit decision-makers to judge the reliability of their...
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In recent years, the problem of large-scale production suspension of domestic enterprises and unemployment of laborers brought about by environmental governance is becoming increasingly serious. How to reduce the negative externalities of environmental governance has become an urgent practical problem that needs to be solved. Based on the Cobb-Douglas production function model, this paper introduced the mediating effect...
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Fluvial sediment discharge to coastal area contributes to the stability of the coast. Deposition of fluvial sediment discharge is an important source of beach nourishment, nutrient for aquatic ecology and habitats. However, human development and interventions on rivers in the form of dams and flood alleviation schemes, tend to reduce fluvial sediment supply to the coast, thus impacting on coastal stability and...
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Valorization of water resources in Senegal for economic, social and sustainable development
Senegal has a rich and diversified hydrological potential. The bulk of surface water reserves is located in the basin's rivers Senegal and Gambia, whose waters originate from the Fouta Djallon massif. Alongside these large rivers, there are smaller rivers (Casamance and Kayanga) and small watersheds with temporary flows. Groundwater resources are also an important part of Senegal's water heritage. Unfortunately, water...
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The study investigated solid waste sorting and storage practices in the different activity areas of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospital was stratified into eight major groups. The groups consisted of 101 units, out of which 42 units were areas, where mixture of medical and non-medical waste were produced. The remaining 59 units were areas where only non-medical waste was generated. Using...
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Water supports life at microscopic and macroscopic levels. Good quality water is essential to economic and social growth of a community and a nation at large. Bangwe township in Blantyre is one of the closest townships to the city and provides a reliable workforce and supply of consumables to the city. Due to its overcrowding, there are a lot of issues to do with illnesses that arise from contamination of portable water....
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Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become an issue of the contemporary times especially a concern in the urban environments of developing countries. Modernization and changing life style is contributing to this issue at large. Various aspects of MSW management in the Millennium City i.e. Cuttack, one of the commercial hubs of Orissa were assessed in order to formulate strategies so that effective management can be done. The...
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and their dynamics in the Ferozpur stream of Kashmir valley. The investigation revealed that the dynamics of physico-chemical parameters depends on both autochthonous and allochthonous inputs and interactions taking place in the stream. This study was aimed to analyze the stream at various locations based on the physico-chemical parameters as most...
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This research paper evaluated the level of effectiveness of facilities management in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) in Bauchi town; the existing scope, strategy, practices & roles, challenges with regard to the effectiveness of their management of facilities, engineering and maintenance services. The state of facilities management in ATBUTH.is presented in the result of this...
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This work is aimed at enlightening the public on the level of contamination of our waters and other aquatic environment. A large number of manufacturing companies prefer to locate their plants in the rural environment where no one queries the treatment of their effluents. This attitude is becoming a common practice which has to be regulated. In this research, Lalupon, a rural setting in Ibadan, Nigeria is no longer a safe...
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Introduction: A high proportion of waterborne disease outbreaks that are most often originating from pathogens, which found in drinking water sources due to fecal contamination. Both developed and developing countries may face the pollution problems of water sources, invariably though they are the most prevalent issues in the third world nations. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the bacteriological...
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THE ROLE OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER IN PREVENTING AND REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS
Environmental Engineer is concerned with the protection and prevention of the environment and develops the solution to environmental problem. Environmental engineer ensures work place hazards and environmental health and safety related policies and procedure are communicated to employer and employees, ensures the availability of medical surveillance programme in assisting employer and employees in the course of potentially...
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Wind from different directions induce waves - waves to collid at the central zone of Taihu Lake. It caused exchange in water bodies and release of internal nutrients which increased algal bloom. The aim of this study perceived the impact of the interactions between waves-waves collision from different directions and different sources such as traveling ships and explored factors causing sediment resuspension. The results...
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Noise Levels at Traffic Intersections and Exposure Analysis in Chandrapur City, Central India
Noise level monitoring was carried out at nine traffic intersections of Chandrapur city during January 2017. A pre-calibrated mini sound level meter was used for noise measurement. Observations were recorded for 24 hours and noise level during day (Ld), night (Ln) and for 24 hours (Ldn) was computed. Maximum noise level during daytime (Ld) was recorded as 84.27 dB(A) at Bangali camp square; whereas, minimum 79.23 dB(A) at...
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Source to in-house and seasonal contamination of drinking-water quality is a persistent problem in developing countries. This study was conducted in Damot Sore Woreda, Southern Ethiopia to examine physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water. In this study, four Kebele administrations were selected by purposive sampling technique. Location map and water quality sampling point were prepared using Arc GIS...
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Air pollution causes harm to plants and other living organisms or damage to the environment. Plants play a key role in the control of air pollution; hence they may be adversely affected especially in their phytochemical constituents which are the bedrock for their therapeutic uses as alternative medicines. In this study, four biochemical parameters (relative water content, total chlorophyll content, pH, and ascorbic acid...
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In this study, some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Co) were analysed in the pioneer hydroelectric dam of South West Ethiopian’s of Gilgel Gibe I and its potential tributaries. Five water samples from the dam and four water samples from potential tributaries were collected by systematic random sampling and purposive sampling method respectively. The water Samples and blanks were digested prior to analysis. FAAS were used...
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Access to quality drinking water is of major concern for sustainable development in developing countries with regard to physico-chemical properties. Groundwater from shallow wells is the main source of domestic water supply for the community of Ainabkoi Sub-county of Uasin Gishu County in Kenya. Seasonal agricultural production activities expose the water to possible pollution. In this regard the study aimed to assess the...
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The objective of this study was to assess existing participation of Ameya Woreda community in forest resource conservation (2013). Opinion survey, semi-structured interview, personal observation, and focus group discussion were employed to obtain primary and secondary data. 184 samples respondents were contacted in the case obtaining primary data. The data collected from primary sources were analyzed using descriptive...
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Microbial succession in a laboratory-scale bioremediation of oily sludge
This study sought to identify microbial succession during a laboratory scale-bioremediation of oily sludge. During the 12 week bioremediation study, samples were obtained, diluted and treated to a cocktail of spread-plating on nutrient, potatoes dextrose and Bushnell Haas agar were employed for heterotrophic, fungal and hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial and fungal count. Tentatively, biochemical, morphologic and microscopic...
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A HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FRAMEWORK OF UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
The study determined the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the water supply sources at the University of Port Harcourt; as well as employed a triangulated descriptive cross-sectional retrospective survey, to identify the factors that guide consumers’ selection and consumption of drinking-water, and equally assessed their perception of drinking-water quality and its impact on public health. The pH of all the...
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MANAGING ANTHROPOGENIC WASTES IN THE COASTAL WATERS IN NIGERIA, AS A MEANS OF GENERATING EMPLOYMENT
Human health and environmental quality are undergoing continuous degradation by the increasing amount of wastes being produced. Although some environmental pollution is as a result of natural causes, most are caused by human activities (anthropogenic). Waste generation is closely linked to population, urbanization and affluence. The Coastal zones constitute some of the world’s most productive areas. The offshore sectors...
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The study was conducted at Enyigba mining area in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria, to evaluate the effect of artisanal mineral mining activities on heavy metals (lead, zinc and cadmium) concentrations and Chemical Properties of soils of Enyigba mining area. Auger Soil Samples (0-20cm) were collected at the four compass directions from zero to 100m and 2500m away from the mine site at 10m intervals. At each sampling...
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The Bujagali hydropower project is a 250 megawatt facility that was set up to alleviate power shortages in Uganda. The project was perceived to have negative effects on major physico chemical characteristics of the upper Victoria Nile water. Key water physico chemical parameters monitored biannually in April and September from 2006 to 2015 at the upstream and downstream transects and in the reservoir were dissolved oxygen,...
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During the past five decades the Nigerian Government generated vast resource from oil revenues from various oil related operations. However, the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has experienced various form of unrest due to the devastation caused by oil drilling in the region ranging through oil spillage, water contamination air pollution and various ecological dilapidations. This study examines and tests sstakeholders...
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During drilling operation, operators face challenges related to processing large volumes of produced drill cutting wastes which contain hazardous materials and can be detrimental to the environment when not treated properly prior to disposal. Radio-nuclides, a constituent of drill cutting wastes which could cause adverse effects on the environment at concentration above the acceptable limit have not been thoroughly...
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ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER QUALITY: A CASE OF HAWELLA TULLA, HAWASSA
The quality of ground water depends on various chemical constituents and their concentrations, with the booming of the Hawassa city; the existing situation of the water quality status and the corresponding anthropogenic impacts on the ground water aquifer is questionable. So, the aim of this study was to assess the present status of the groundwater quality on the basis of seasonal variation in Hawella Tulla sub-city,...
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The concept of a reference condition is increasingly used to describe benchmarks against which current condition is compared. This study defines criteria that represent reference sites for assessing highland streams in four major river basins of Ethiopia. Twenty a priori criteria were chosen as representative for Ethiopian highlands and they reflect some aspects of naturalness and address wide range of human disturbances....
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ESTIMATING THE WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED MUNICIPAL SOLIDWASTE MANAGEMENT IN NAIROBI, KENYA
The rapid accumulation of municipal solid waste in many developing countries has been linked to urbanization, population growth and low budgetary allocation for urban solid waste management. This study aims at determining the households’ willingness to pay for improved solid waste management to reduce air pollution in Nairobi, Kenya. In order to undertake the study, the sample of 114 households around the Dandora dumpsite...
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Treated Sewage may be considered as new water resource in the developing, developed and water scarcity countries. The objective of paper is not only to find out potential of reuse but also it should be economical reuse. This study was initially focused on the current applications and reuse standards which are suggested by Centre for Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO) and Central Pollution...
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Evaluation of Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) in the sediments of Ouémé delta in Benin
The Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) pollution of aquatic ecosystems and their intrusion and inclusion into the food chain exposes public health to enormous risks. This study assesses the risks associated with the pollution of surface sediments from Ouémé delta with Pb. Cu and Cd. In these sediments stratifications, the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments were evaluated. Total metal contents are determined by the...
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Study of physico-chemical characteristics of ground water of west zone, Central India
The present study is aimed at assessing the ground water quality of West Zone Central India and its residential area.The physicochemical parameter of water samples collected from various places in and around West Zone Central India. The physicochemical parameters like, temperature, pH, total hardness, total dissolved solid, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate,...
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Climate Change Mitigation Efforts in Ghana
There is a strong correlation between energy, environment and sustainable development. Ideally, a society seeking sustainable development must utilize only energy resources which have little or no environmental impact. Technological changes such as energy savings on the demand side, efficiency improvements in energy production and consumption, and replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy are the typical strategies...
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The Kenyan national water quality standard recommends that water should be safe for human consumption. If not protected, ground water can easily be contaminated with many pollutants including biological pathogenic microorganisms. Waterborne diseases can be effectively controlled through proper sanitary procedures that result in use of good quality water through proper sanitary procedures. The main purpose of the study was...
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Research work was carried out to assess the capacity of strains of fungi isolated from raw textile and partially treated effluent, discharge point, up and down Stream of Challawa River to resist and grow in the presence of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) invitro. Fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Chrysosporium, Microsporum , Trichoderma and Rhizopus species were isolated from the study sites...
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This study was carried out to investigate seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in sediments of Ala River, South-west, Nigeria. The total amount of PAHs (∑PAHs) concentration ranged from 4.6 μgg-1to 10.1 μgg-1 dry weights during wet season and from 3.8- 10.3μg.g-1dry weights during the dry season. The total concentrations of PAHs were higher in most of the sites during wet season 80 % and 20 %...
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The physico-chemical quality of 180 water samples from the Vea Dam in Bongo District of the Upper East Region were analyzed using standard field and laboratory techniques at the Water Research Institute, Tamale in Northern Region of Ghana. The mean ranges of the respective parameters were much closer within the same rows. Its maximum values were : total dissolved solids (85.23 ± 13.162mg/l), conductivity (141.667 ±...
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This research assessed the sanitary conditions, risk factors and an identification the factors and sources that contribute to pollution of 17 shallow wells located in the Upper Athi River Basin, in Kaimbu County, Kenya using the sanitary assessment inspection methodology prescribed by the World Health Organization. Data obtained from the study was presented and explained using descriptive statistics. One (1) of the shallow...
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In this study, the seasonal variations in concentration levels of selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in soils within the vicinity of the three major poultry farms in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria were investigated during two major seasons of Nigeria to ascertain the possible environmental impact of these agricultural farmland. Results of the atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) analysis of samples...
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Dispersed water from crude oil obtained from ten different producing wells in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria were analyzed based on American Standard for Testing and Materials to determine the effects of the physicochemical properties on crude characteristics and the production equipment. Results shows: pH (7.51-8.60), salinity (11174.00 - 21469.00 mg/l), conductivity (12698.00 - 24396.00 µS/cm), sulphate (3.00 - 23.00...
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