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Biological monitoring and assessment studies due to urban--road pollutants were carried out using Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of plants. Four plant (leaf) parameters--namely ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, relative water content and leaf extract pH were combined together in a formulation signifying the APTI of plants. APTI was calculated for five different shrub species viz. Bougainvillea glabra, Duranta...
ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL OF MECHANIC WORKSHOPS ALONG AIRPORT ROAD, ABUJA
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Concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu, were determined in topsoil collected from Gosa, Sabon-Lugbe, Aco and Lugbe Auto mechanic workshops along airport road, Abuja, Nigeria, using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method with a view to determining the level of contamination of the areas with the heavy metals. Average values of the heavy metals in (ppm) for all sample locations ( Gosa, Lugbe, Aco and Sabon-Lugbe)...
VALORIZATION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOFUEL AND CHEMICAL
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Conventional production of platform chemicals from fossil fuel has two major disadvantages. It exerts pressure on the depleting world fossil-fuel resources and posses enormous environmental threat. Lignocellulosic materials such as wood wastes are potential resources for the production of chemicals and biofuels. Forest/Agricultural wastes are cheap, renewable and their conversion to bio-based chemicals contributes to green...
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In this article, we study modified nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) by nano manganese oxide (Mn3O4) as adsorbent material to remove iron ions from groundwater. Different parameters were studied to option optimum conditions of removing such as contact time, pH, initial concentration, a dosage of adsorbent, agitation speed and temperature. Kinetics studies included first order (R2= 0.915), pseudo-first order (R2 = 0.936), second...
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A good knowledge of fuel characteristics is a major asset for their acceptability and their diffusion. The present research is intended to be a contribution to a comparative study of the combustible briquettes locally produced using Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The physicochemical characterization of the briquettes was carried out by the determination of the moisture content, dry matter, volatile organic matter, fixed...
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The rain fed crop production is inherently sensitive to climate variability and change. This research aimed to investigate the trend of climate variability and change and examine its impact on rain fed crop production in the Lokka Abaya District. For this purpose, 190 respondents were selected using purposive sampling technique from four villages. To collect data, interview schedule, key informant interview and focus group...
Linking Spatial and Temporal Scales to Socio-economic Drivers of Land Use Land Cover Change
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Urban land cover changes represent a response to socioeconomic, political, demographic, and environmental conditions. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology that will integrate socio-economic factors on driving forces generated by residents’ and experts’ opinions in order to provide scientific basis and a broader input for establishing Transition Probability matrix than spatio-temporal input than relying only...
Estimation of carbon dioxide emissions from rice field of Muvumba P-8 marshland in Rwanda
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Globally wetlands appear as a significant source of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission. Rwanda is facing a new challenge of emission of CO2 gases from the rice fields and there is lack of sufficient data showing how it affects the environment. The objective of this paper is to estimate the CO2 gas emissions in different time of the day to determine maximum and minimum CO2 gas emissions from the rice field. An experiment was...
ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN DOMESTIC WATERS IN FOUR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF OSUN STATE, NIGERIA
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BACKGROUND: The study determined the concentrations of lead, arsenic, cadmium, zinc and copper in domestic water samples in four Local Government Areas of Osun State, Nigeria. This was with a view of providing information on the quality and safety of domestic waters from wells and boreholes in the study areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred water samples were collected from wells and boreholes in four Local...
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ABSTRACT This study shows the effect of adsorbent dosage and contact time of activated carbon produced from palm kernel for adsorption of lead. Investigation shows that adsorption of lead by the activated palm kernel reached a maximum after 132 minutes where 67% of lead in the solution was adsorbed. This occurred at an activated carbon concentration of 0.5g/l. Generally, adsorption rate was shown to increase with increase...
Solid Waste Management Practices and Challenges: The Case of Halaba Town in Southern Ethiopia
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Solid waste, which is a consequence of day-to-day activity of human kind, needs to be managed properly. Due to rapid increase in urbanization and population, the generation rate of municipal solid waste in Halaba town is also increasing due to which the town is facing several difficulties in providing proper solid waste management services to its population. Accordingly, the objective of this particular study was to assess...
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Iglas and Beswan are the towns in Aligarh district in of Uttar Pradesh, India. These are located along Aligarh- Mathura high way at 24 kms from Aligarh. These are located at 27°43’ N 77°56’ E. It has an average elevation of 178 meters. The town area extends from Karban River (towards Mathura) to old Canal (towards Aligarh).In the present study Groundwater samples were collected from Iglas and Beswan town. The samples...
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This study assessed the vulnerability of biophysical and socio-economic systems to the impacts of climate change and variability with particular emphasis on gender, age and marginalized groups using household survey. The study was carried out within the Mau Forest Complex, Narok County in Kenya where the sample size was calculated based on probability proportional to estimated size. Proportionate stratified multistage...
Analysis of Regional Flood frequency and its Socio-economic impact in Ethiopia
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Flood is the major catastrophic phenomena that induce a significant impact on human life and property. As seminal papers indicated that it is a common problem in Ethiopia; however, its frequency and magnitude had increased rapidly in the last half century. Methods were developed like Flood frequency curves in order relate magnitude of peak flow with return period. The conventional way of flood frequency analysis was...
FOREST LANDSCAPE MODELING FOR SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT
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Ikere forest reserve is a State owned forest estate and has experienced changes in its landscape pattern. Therefore, this study is set to assess the dynamic characteristics of the forest reserve landscape between 1985 and 2017 using remote sensing data and spatial metrics. Landscape of the study area maintained complex patterns of spatial heterogeneity over throughout the years. Forest cover loss to other land cover types...
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Water is an indispensable resource to mankind and life in general. Over the world, issues of water scarcity and quality are becoming pronounced with increasing global population, industrialization and urbanization. Developmental activities of man can lead to the deterioration of surface and groundwater. As a result, groundwater has become an important source of water supply throughout the world. This research is very...
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The study investigated solid waste sorting and storage practices in the different activity areas of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospital was stratified into eight major groups. The groups consisted of 101 units, out of which 42 units were areas, where mixture of medical and non-medical waste were produced. The remaining 59 units were areas where only non-medical waste was generated. Using...
Article in Press
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has become an issue of the contemporary times especially a concern in the urban environments of developing countries. Modernization and changing life style is contributing to this issue at large. Various aspects of MSW management in the Millennium City i.e. Cuttack, one of the commercial hubs of Orissa were assessed in order to formulate strategies so that effective management can be done. The...
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and their dynamics in the Ferozpur stream of Kashmir valley. The investigation revealed that the dynamics of physico-chemical parameters depends on both autochthonous and allochthonous inputs and interactions taking place in the stream. This study was aimed to analyze the stream at various locations based on the physico-chemical parameters as most...
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This research paper evaluated the level of effectiveness of facilities management in the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) in Bauchi town; the existing scope, strategy, practices & roles, challenges with regard to the effectiveness of their management of facilities, engineering and maintenance services. The state of facilities management in ATBUTH.is presented in the result of this...
Article in Press
This work is aimed at enlightening the public on the level of contamination of our waters and other aquatic environment. A large number of manufacturing companies prefer to locate their plants in the rural environment where no one queries the treatment of their effluents. This attitude is becoming a common practice which has to be regulated. In this research, Lalupon, a rural setting in Ibadan, Nigeria is no longer a safe...
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Introduction: A high proportion of waterborne disease outbreaks that are most often originating from pathogens, which found in drinking water sources due to fecal contamination. Both developed and developing countries may face the pollution problems of water sources, invariably though they are the most prevalent issues in the third world nations. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the bacteriological...
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Source to in-house and seasonal contamination of drinking-water quality is a persistent problem in developing countries. This study was conducted in Damot Sore Woreda, Southern Ethiopia to examine physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water. In this study, four Kebele administrations were selected by purposive sampling technique. Location map and water quality sampling point were prepared using Arc GIS...
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In this study, some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Co) were analysed in the pioneer hydroelectric dam of South West Ethiopian’s of Gilgel Gibe I and its potential tributaries. Five water samples from the dam and four water samples from potential tributaries were collected by systematic random sampling and purposive sampling method respectively. The water Samples and blanks were digested prior to analysis. FAAS were...
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The objective of this study was to assess existing participation of Ameya Woreda community in forest resource conservation (2013). Opinion survey, semi-structured interview, personal observation, and focus group discussion were employed to obtain primary and secondary data. 184 samples respondents were contacted in the case obtaining primary data. The data collected from primary sources were analyzed using descriptive...
Microbial succession in a laboratory-scale bioremediation of oily sludge
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This study sought to identify microbial succession during a laboratory scale-bioremediation of oily sludge. During the 12 week bioremediation study, samples were obtained, diluted and treated to a cocktail of spread-plating on nutrient, potatoes dextrose and Bushnell Haas agar were employed for heterotrophic, fungal and hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial and fungal count. Tentatively, biochemical, morphologic and microscopic...
A HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY FRAMEWORK OF UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
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The study determined the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the water supply sources at the University of Port Harcourt; as well as employed a triangulated descriptive cross-sectional retrospective survey, to identify the factors that guide consumers’ selection and consumption of drinking-water, and equally assessed their perception of drinking-water quality and its impact on public health. The pH of all...
MANAGING ANTHROPOGENIC WASTES IN THE COASTAL WATERS IN NIGERIA, AS A MEANS OF GENERATING EMPLOYMENT
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Human health and environmental quality are undergoing continuous degradation by the increasing amount of wastes being produced. Although some environmental pollution is as a result of natural causes, most are caused by human activities (anthropogenic). Waste generation is closely linked to population, urbanization and affluence. The Coastal zones constitute some of the world’s most productive areas. The offshore sectors...
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The study was conducted at Enyigba mining area in Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria, to evaluate the effect of artisanal mineral mining activities on heavy metals (lead, zinc and cadmium) concentrations and Chemical Properties of soils of Enyigba mining area. Auger Soil Samples (0-20cm) were collected at the four compass directions from zero to 100m and 2500m away from the mine site at 10m intervals. At each sampling...
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The Bujagali hydropower project is a 250 megawatt facility that was set up to alleviate power shortages in Uganda. The project was perceived to have negative effects on major physico chemical characteristics of the upper Victoria Nile water. Key water physico chemical parameters monitored biannually in April and September from 2006 to 2015 at the upstream and downstream transects and in the reservoir were dissolved oxygen,...
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During the past five decades the Nigerian Government generated vast resource from oil revenues from various oil related operations. However, the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has experienced various form of unrest due to the devastation caused by oil drilling in the region ranging through oil spillage, water contamination air pollution and various ecological dilapidations. This study examines and tests sstakeholders...
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During drilling operation, operators face challenges related to processing large volumes of produced drill cutting wastes which contain hazardous materials and can be detrimental to the environment when not treated properly prior to disposal. Radio-nuclides, a constituent of drill cutting wastes which could cause adverse effects on the environment at concentration above the acceptable limit have not been thoroughly...
ASSESSMENT OF GROUND WATER QUALITY: A CASE OF HAWELLA TULLA, HAWASSA
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The quality of ground water depends on various chemical constituents and their concentrations, with the booming of the Hawassa city; the existing situation of the water quality status and the corresponding anthropogenic impacts on the ground water aquifer is questionable. So, the aim of this study was to assess the present status of the groundwater quality on the basis of seasonal variation in Hawella Tulla sub-city,...
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The concept of a reference condition is increasingly used to describe benchmarks against which current condition is compared. This study defines criteria that represent reference sites for assessing highland streams in four major river basins of Ethiopia. Twenty a priori criteria were chosen as representative for Ethiopian highlands and they reflect some aspects of naturalness and address wide range of human disturbances....
ESTIMATING THE WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED MUNICIPAL SOLIDWASTE MANAGEMENT IN NAIROBI, KENYA
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The rapid accumulation of municipal solid waste in many developing countries has been linked to urbanization, population growth and low budgetary allocation for urban solid waste management. This study aims at determining the households’ willingness to pay for improved solid waste management to reduce air pollution in Nairobi, Kenya. In order to undertake the study, the sample of 114 households around the Dandora...
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Treated Sewage may be considered as new water resource in the developing, developed and water scarcity countries. The objective of paper is not only to find out potential of reuse but also it should be economical reuse. This study was initially focused on the current applications and reuse standards which are suggested by Centre for Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO) and Central Pollution...
Evaluation of Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) in the sediments of Ouémé delta in Benin
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The Metallic Trace Elements (MTE) pollution of aquatic ecosystems and their intrusion and inclusion into the food chain exposes public health to enormous risks. This study assesses the risks associated with the pollution of surface sediments from Ouémé delta with Pb. Cu and Cd. In these sediments stratifications, the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments were evaluated. Total metal contents are determined by...
Study of physico-chemical characteristics of ground water of west zone, Central India
Article in Press
The present study is aimed at assessing the ground water quality of West Zone Central India and its residential area.The physicochemical parameter of water samples collected from various places in and around West Zone Central India. The physicochemical parameters like, temperature, pH, total hardness, total dissolved solid, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate, sulphate, phosphate,...
Climate Change Mitigation Efforts in Ghana
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There is a strong correlation between energy, environment and sustainable development. Ideally, a society seeking sustainable development must utilize only energy resources which have little or no environmental impact. Technological changes such as energy savings on the demand side, efficiency improvements in energy production and consumption, and replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy are the typical strategies...
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The Kenyan national water quality standard recommends that water should be safe for human consumption. If not protected, ground water can easily be contaminated with many pollutants including biological pathogenic microorganisms. Waterborne diseases can be effectively controlled through proper sanitary procedures that result in use of good quality water through proper sanitary procedures. The main purpose of the study was...
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Research work was carried out to assess the capacity of strains of fungi isolated from raw textile and partially treated effluent, discharge point, up and down Stream of Challawa River to resist and grow in the presence of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) invitro. Fungi belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Chrysosporium, Microsporum , Trichoderma and Rhizopus species were isolated from the study sites...
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This study was carried out to investigate seasonal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) in sediments of Ala River, South-west, Nigeria. The total amount of PAHs (∑PAHs) concentration ranged from 4.6 μgg-1to 10.1 μgg-1 dry weights during wet season and from 3.8- 10.3μg.g-1dry weights during the dry season. The total concentrations of PAHs were higher in most of the sites during wet season 80 % and 20 %...
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The physico-chemical quality of 180 water samples from the Vea Dam in Bongo District of the Upper East Region were analyzed using standard field and laboratory techniques at the Water Research Institute, Tamale in Northern Region of Ghana. The mean ranges of the respective parameters were much closer within the same rows. Its maximum values were : total dissolved solids (85.23 ± 13.162mg/l), conductivity (141.667 ±...
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This research assessed the sanitary conditions, risk factors and an identification the factors and sources that contribute to pollution of 17 shallow wells located in the Upper Athi River Basin, in Kaimbu County, Kenya using the sanitary assessment inspection methodology prescribed by the World Health Organization. Data obtained from the study was presented and explained using descriptive statistics. One (1) of the shallow...
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In this study, the seasonal variations in concentration levels of selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in soils within the vicinity of the three major poultry farms in Osun State, South-Western Nigeria were investigated during two major seasons of Nigeria to ascertain the possible environmental impact of these agricultural farmland. Results of the atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) analysis of samples...
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Dispersed water from crude oil obtained from ten different producing wells in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria were analyzed based on American Standard for Testing and Materials to determine the effects of the physicochemical properties on crude characteristics and the production equipment. Results shows: pH (7.51-8.60), salinity (11174.00 - 21469.00 mg/l), conductivity (12698.00 - 24396.00 µS/cm), sulphate (3.00 - 23.00...
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