Article in Press
The Osogbo central solid waste dumpsite in Osun State, Nigeria falls within the Ilesha Schist Belt, southwestern basement complex of Nigeria. Thirty-three (33) Vertical Electric Sounding (VES), and 2-D Electric Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data were acquired across various locations in the study area using ABEM Terrameter SAS 300, respectively. Schlumberger configuration with a maximum spread length of 100 m, for the VES...
Article in Press
Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in various energy storage systems. In this article, a physics-based mathematical model of silicon microparticle (SiMP) anode is developed to identify the principal reasons of voltage hysteresis occurrence during lithiation and delithiation battery cycling of silicon (Si) anode-based lithium half cells. Firstly, lithium diffusion, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics and mechanical stress...
Article in Press
The NS-3 simulator is used in this study to compare three (3) of the seven (7) supported Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) algorithms, namely Soft Fractional Frequency Reuse (SFFR), Distributed Fractional Frequency Reuse (DFFR), and Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR), to assess the system performance and the effect of Inter-Cell Interference (ICI) on the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, as FFR is an effective...
Variations of Total Electron Content (TEC) over high latitude regions during the geomagnetic storm
Article in Press
The variations of Total electron content (TEC) over high latitude regions during the geomagnetic storm on August 26, 2018 were investigated. This study is based on Global Positioning System (GPS-TEC) data obtained by the UNAVCO dual-frequency GPS devices at the northern stations of Hofn and Kiruna, and the southern stations of Mawson and Syog. The results of this study show that the enhancement and variations of total...
Rainfall and Sea-Surface Temperature Analyses over Maiduguri, Nigeria using Mann-Kendall Test
Article in Press
Because of the adverse effects of rainfall variability ((e.g. floods, drought, poor harvests, etc) on agriculture as well as economy, monitoring of rainfall has become necessary. This study is geared towards a better understanding of rainfall variability in Maiduguri, an agrarian community, and sea-surface temperature using Mann-Kendall statistical analyses of data for a period of thirty-four years from Nigeria...
Article in Press
Access to clean water for drinking and other domestic activities remains an issue, particularly for developing countries like Nigeria. Due to the global increase in population, water demand has increased quantitatively and qualitatively over time. This paper comprehensively reviews the quality of water sources utilised for consumption in northern Nigeria during the last decade. It was found that well, and borehole water is...
Article in Press
The indoor background ionizing radiation of various offices of the various departments in Federal University of Technology, Owerri (FUTO) were estimated in this study. This was conducted using a well calibrated digital Geiger – Muller Counter (GCA – 04W). The highest value of measured was 0.0873 ± 0.1432µSv/h while the lowest value was 0.0006 ± 0.0001 µSv/h; with an average value of 0.0052 ± 0.0013 µSv/h. The average value...
Article in Press
This research is focused on the constant pavement failure in parts of the Enugu-Onitsha express way. The failed portions are constructed on the natural subgrade known to be the Shale of Enugu and Mamu Formations respectively. Five (5) Shale samples each were obtained from the Formations, and were subjected to geotechnical tests, mineralogical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and statistical analysis. The...
Development of path loss prediction model for microwave propagations in a tropical region
Article in Press
The channel losses of a Very High Frequency (VHF) base station operating on 91.9 MHz in a Suburban City of Akure, South West Nigeria, were explored in this study. A BC1173 DBC field strength meter was used to measure the received signal strength at every 1km interval along four different paths from the base station. A Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver was utilized to log the coordinates and altitude of the data...
Article in Press
The goal of this theoretical study is to examine the impact of the lubricated walls on the peristaltic transport of a hyperbolic tangent fluid in an asymmetric medium. The interfacial condition is derived under the assumptions of thin film lubrication and long wavelength approximation. The dynamical system theory is utilized to analyze the lubrication effects on the position and bifurcation of stagnation points in the...
Article in Press
One of the most important problem in today's world of physics is the integrity of the four main forces of nature. This article is intended to introduce a formula that will serve as the static core formula of all forces. This theory has wave-like look to all forces and states the force in the simplest word is the energy multiplied by the motion function; or in other words, the energy which is stuck in the motion function....
Article in Press
Examining the spatial relationship of surface temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the urban center helps to balance heat island effect and create sustainable urban environment. This study identifies the relationship between vegetation condition and surface temperature of Addis Ababa over various land use/cover (LU/LC) types. For this purpose, Landsat 8 OLI and TIR sensor data which were...
Statistical analysis of crime rate and prison population in Nigeria
Article in Press
Human beings and the society are vulnerable to criminality and so criminality can be likened to an oil that is able to stain a white garment when it comes in touch with the white garment. That is why it's far impossible for any society to claim to be absolutely loose from crime. The styles of crook behavior depend on the social and monetary development of a given society. As an end result, it is now not unexpected that a...
Article in Press
The aim of this paper is to examine the direction of causality among some exchange rate of Nigeria Naira to US Dollar, Pounds Sterling and Euro. It made use of a time series data from the year 2005 to 2014. Toda and Yamamoto (1995) procedure was used in analyzing the data. Augmented Dickey-Fuller, KPSS unit root test, the VAR selection method, Error correction model and Granger causality test based on Toda-Yamamoto...
Article in Press
The spatial diversity techniques are broken down and explained systematically along with its combination which includes Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC), Equal Gain Combining (EGC) and Simple Selection Combining (SC) under the influence of atmospheric-induce turbulence fading in Free Space Optical (FSO) communication. Diversity is a technique used to prevent or reduce multipath. Multipath is a phenomenon describing...
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Effective Carriers Lifetime: Magnetic Effects
Article in Press
In this manuscript, we present a study on the effects of magnetic field on charge carrier effective lifetime within the base of a polycrystaline PV solar cell p-n junction. This study is elaborated in two forms as a theoretical study and an experimental study. Indeed, under various magnetic field values, PV solar cell is illuminated by using the light from stroboscopic. From a theoretical approach mainly use the open...
Article in Press
A comprehensive study of the reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) Schottky diode is presented, to extort information about the Schottky interface. An efficient analysis was performed to investigate the interface traps and electrical properties by current–voltage (I–V), capacitance–voltage (C–V), capacitance–frequency (C–f), and conductance–frequency (Gp/?–?) measurements. The high value of the ideality factor (3.16) suggested the...
Investigation of Multipath Propagation and Fade Statistics in the Coastal Area of Nigeria
Article in Press
Multipath propagation is one of the factors that cause radio signal degradation, and due to the irregularity in the atmosphere; this causes the variation in the point radio refractive gradient (PRRG) with height and time of the day as well as the season. In this paper, multipath propagation and fading in the coastal area of Nigeria is investigated, using five (5) years (Jan 2014-Dec 2018) re-analyzed data, obtained from...
Article in Press
The matrix optics formalism is applied to show that a simple Gaussian equation is enough to relate object and image distances in an optical system consisting of an arbitrary number of thick lenses in cascade immersed in air. First, it was studied the case of a single thick lens. Applying sequentially the optical matrixes corresponding to refraction and displacement of the optical ray, and imposing certain conditions on the...
Article in Press
We examine the effect of MHD flow of the Casson nanofluid model on heat and mass transfer over a stretching sheet with Thompson and Trioan slip boundary condition. The relaxation properties of the fluid flow are studied by using the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into self-similar form and solved numerically by using the spectral collocation method. The...
Physical-Chemical Characterization of Kanyu Almond Oil (Sclerocarya Birrea) For Use as Biofuel
Article in Press
Plant oil extracted from Kanyu almonds offers the potential to be an alternative to fossil fuel resources. This study aims to characterization the physic-chemical properties of kanyu almond oil, as safe indicators of the use of this biofuel for energy generators. Samples of the oils as examined were density, kinematic viscosity, acid value, and oxidation stability. The experimental results showed that the oils had...
Article in Press
Probability distributions had been used to characterize electric field intensity. In this study, Birnbaum-Saunders (B-S) and Generalized Birnbaum-Saunders (GB-S) distributions were used to model the behavior of electric field intensity within the coverage area of broadcasting radio transmitter. Usually, the availability and usefulness of the signal at the primary and secondary coverage areas are guaranteed unlike at the...
Electrical properties and phase transition of Alizarin Carmine
Article in Press
The electrical conductivity of the organic dye Alizarin Carmine has been analysed by observing the variation in the dielectric constant with the temperature. The Alizarin Carmine pellet used for the analyses has colloidal graphite electrodes. The measurement has been done using the Motwane measuring unit model BM- 100 B at the frequency of 1 KHz. Change in the temperature was observed at -95°C that decreases the...
Article in Press
Noise emissions close to venues where academic activities take place are one of the main causes of noise pollution to which people working at UNAN - Managua are exposed. Noise pollution also has a negative impact on the development of academic activities that take place within the Carlos Fonseca University Campus (RUCFA) and the Rubén DarÃo University Campus (RURD).The methodology for obtaining, processing data and...
Wavelet Transform Theory: Mathematical Principles in Gamma Spectroscopy Processing
Article in Press
Wavelet transforms (WT) has been used for analyzing different types of spectra successfully. It has certain advantages compared with the Fourier transforms (FT) for signals decompositions. In the present work, we introduce the mathematical principles of applying WT in processing gamma spectra.
Micromechanical modeling of the elastic behavior of particles-reinforced composites
Article in Press
This paper is devoted to the introduction of a micromechanical modeling of the elastic behavior of composite materials with spherical reinforcements. The model is based on the generalized self-consistent scheme (GSCS) and homogenization/localization techniques over the entire representative volume element (VER). The composite is modeled by the three phase model and the methodology is based on the integral equation and...
Article in Press
Gully erosion is an environmental problem that has over decades threatened Anambra State as well as other parts of Nigeria and countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Gullies threaten the soil, water, material resources and agricultural productivity and cause human losses annually. It accounts for the severe environmental degradation in Anambra State and the South-East of Nigeria arising from heavy runoff and soil loss....
Article in Press
Mineralogical and geochemical tests were conducted on bentonitic samples obtained from Imo shale and the Ameki-Bende formations in Anambra basin of southeastern Nigeria, in order to evaluate the potential for use in drilling mud formulation. Fifty samples were collected and screened based on composition, grain size, degree of alteration, and filtration conditions. Four of the samples namely SP1, SP2, SP3 and SP4 that meet...
Article in Press
This study presents the analysis of the variation of effective lifetime of carriers with temperature in different recombination mechanisms for aluminum nitride. Aluminum nitride is stable at high temperatures in inert atmospheres and melts about 2200â—¦C. In a vacuum, AlN decomposes at 10â—¦C. In the air, surface oxidation occurs above 700â—¦C. For hole trap region, the probability of emission of hole much greater than the...
Article in Press
This paper proposes a half-step third derivative hybrid block method with two cases of order four for solution of third Order Ordinary Differential Equations.Method of interpolation and collocation of power series approximate solution was used to generate the continuous hybrid linear multistep method,which was then evaluated at non-interpolating points to give a continuous block method. The discrete block method was...
Investigation of the ^16 O, ^20 Ne and ^24 Mg Nuclei as an alpha cluster plus core cluster
Article in Press
In this paper, the light nuclei are considered in the cluster model especially the nuclei with A=4n(n is the number of alpha particles). Therefore, the Schrodinger equation is solved from the NU method by using a local potential. First, we study ^16 O,^20 Ne and ^24 Mg nuclei as the two-cluster systems, i.e. (α+ core), and obtain their energy levels. These results are compared with experimental data. Somebody can see...
Article in Press
The high resolution magnetic field data of Monguno and environs (data maps 066, 067, 089 and 090) of the Nigerian Chad (Bornu) basin were structurally interpreted to investigate the hydrocarbon and solid mineral implications of the basin by determining the magnetic basement depth and delineating the basement morphology, the relief and other structural features associated with the area and their trends employing Oasis...
The Integration of Hamilton Principle with Einstein Field Equation
Article in Press
Hamilton Principle was entering into one side and Einstein Field Equation(EFE) was entering into the other side, based on the thought of relativity between reality and virtuality in physics and the Postulate of Completeness, the author would rather integrate Hamilton Principle with EFE so as to build a new physical principle------Hamilton Tensor Equation(HTE), which could substitute for Hamilton Principle and also EFE to...
Article in Press
Every aspect of oil and gas operations poses significant negative impacts on the environment in varying levels, these environmental impacts have economic and public health consequences on the indigenes of the operation locality. Produced Water discharge is one of such aspects of the upstream oil and gas operation whose potential for environmental degradation has necessitated both local and International Regulations for its...
The magnetic moment of elementary particles is studied by space vector and space curvature
Article in Press
This paper reaffirms the basic agreement of the material space theory: (1) Space is a physical existence; (2) "Force" is the action to space, and "force" is equal to the reciprocal value of "time"; in the absence of special description, "force" is the reciprocal of time; (3) There is a steady velocity field in three-dimensional space, whose intensity is the speed of light C. (4) Mass is a property of space produced by...
Article in Press
Caffeine is one of the compounds found in coffee beans and other parts of coffee plant. However, its relative content in different coffee plant parts is least researched. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the content of caffeine in green coffee leaves and beans. In this work, we report content of caffeine in green coffee beans and leaves of coffea arabic using UV/Vis spectrometer with liquid-liquid extraction...
Two values of the Constant G obtained from Inclining-Pull Projection Method
Article in Press
The Newtonian gravitational constant is regarded as the most fundamental constant. So far, more than 200 experiments have been done to measure its true value. But large discrepancies in those results appeared. Owing to the weakness of the gravitational interaction and the impossibility of shielding its effects, it is very difficult to find new method to measure G. Thus, most previous experiments were based on the torsion...
Article in Press
This paper proposes a method for evaluating the available solar energy according to different type of sky (clear sky, moderately covered sky and covered sky). Four semi-empirical models for estimating solar radiation (Link Cloudiness Factor (LCF), Perrin-Brichambaut (PB), Ghouard (GD), BirdHulstrom (BH)) have been used to predict solar radiation accoording to the sky conditions. An analysis of the influence of seasonal...
Gravitational Waves as a Test of General Relativity
Article in Press
General relativity has been very successful as a model for space and gravity. It is supported from a range of experimental results. With the advent of the detection of gravitational waves, another platform exists to trumpet its triumph. The merger of black holes has provided evidence in support of the theory of Einstein. Furthermore, the one neutron star merger so far detected provides much more information because of the...
INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL APPROACH FOR SEDIMENTARY OUTCROP AT NORTHWESTERN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Article in Press
An outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth. In recent years, outcrop studies have become very important to understand the geology of the earth. The lack of studies on outcrops depends on the interpretations and observations at the surface of the earth only. Besides that, lack of specific physical value for the type of materials can cause misinterpretation of...
Gravitation - flat power field
Article in Press
A new principle of origin and the nature of the action of gravity forces are proposed. Forces of universal attraction have plane-symmetrical directions. On this basis, it becomes possible to reconsider certain regularities in natural science. The new principle of gravitation will allow to explain physical paradoxes, to improve methods of scientific research and some technological processes.
Article in Press
Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss (salak fruit or snake fruit) is a species of palm tree native to Southwest Java and North Sumatra in Indonesia. It is known as one of the tropical fruits in Malaysia. It is a reddish-brown scaly skin with pleasant pineapple, pear and banana-like aromas. Its strong pleasant aroma, S. zalacca has high potentiality in the perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile aromas of plants are...
Mineralogical and Major oxide Characterization of Panyam clays, North – Central Nigeria
Article in Press
Clay minerals are form over long periods of time, through weathering as a result of gradual chemical breakdown of rocks rich in feldspar. The extent of weathering is determined by many factors. Most common constituent mineral of clays is often one of the members of the mica mineral group. They include illite, sericite, muscovite, and biotite. Others are kaolinite, smectite, mixed-layer clays and chlorite. This paper...
Analysis of clearness index on a regional scale
Article in Press
Analysis of daily average clearness index and relative possible number of sunshine hours n/N have been made using accumulated meteorological data obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET) station, Oshodi, Nigeria from 1985 to 2014. The values of regression constants ( and ), sum of the regression constants ( ), Mean-Bias-Error (MBE), root-mean-square-error (RMSE) and correlation-coefficient (RC) are presented...
Article in Press
A theoretical analysis is performed to examine the flow of an incompressible polymeric liquid (Maxwell fluid) between two infinite isothermal stretching disks. The convective heat and mass boundary conditions are taken into account. Further, the effects of viscous dissipation and chemical reaction are also carried out. The governing equations associated with momentum, energy and concentration profiles are reduced into set...
Spacelike Surfaces with a Common Asymptotic Curve in Minkowski 3-Space E_1^3
Article in Press
In this paper, we study the problem of finding a family of spacelike surfaces from a given spatial asymptotic curve in Minkowski 3-space. We obtain the parametricrepresentation for a spacelike surface pencil whose members share the same asymptoticspacelike curve as an isoparametric curve. Using the Frenet frame of the given asymptoticcurve, we present the spacelike surface as a linear combination of this frame and...
Dual solutions for the Modified Fourier and Fick,s theories for Carreau nanofluid
Article in Press
In the current framework, an investigation is carried out on the flow of dual solutions of Car- reau nanofluids in the presence of Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion with focus on heat and mass transfer which includes the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameter. A nonlin- early shrinking sheet has been used to create the flow. The thermal and concentration diffusions are considered by introducing...
Article in Press
In this work, densities and viscosities for the binary mixtures of 1-hexyl - 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [C6mim][BF4], with butyl acetate, have been determined at 298.15 K. These data were used to calculate the excess molar volumes VEm for the mixtures. It is shown that values of VEm are negative, in the whole concentration range. The VEm values show their minimum at the composition of χIL≈ 0.3, exhibit a...
Article in Press
The study of spin-density-wave (SDW) and superconducting order parameter is a core topic for research on the FeAs-based high Tc superconductors. By using mathematical model Hamiltonian for the system and Green’s function formalism (creation and annihilation operators), we have obtained expressions for superconducting transition temperature (TC), spin density wave transition temperature (Tsdw), superconductivity...
A TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING EFFICIENCY OF AEROSOL SAMPLER
Article in Press
Viscosity, an important aspect in air flow at the lowest layer of the atmosphere was determined during Harmattan period as 1.88 x 10-5 Nsm-2 ± 0.04%. Kinematic viscosity, another important parameter on atmospheric motion was established as 0.54 x 10-5 m2s-1 ± 0.02%. For contribution to protection of human and ecological systems from dangerous levels of air pollution, a new technique for determining the efficiency of...
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