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Intestinal Schistosomiasis: Transmission Dynamics and Characterization of Vector Snails in Kenya’s Central Highlands Irrigation Agriculture

Comprehensive strategies to control and eradicate schistosomiasis emphasize application of mass drug administration (MDA) complementary with other intervention measures including public health education, access to clean water, improved sanitation, and interruption of parasite cycle at vector snail stage. The aim of this study was to determine Schistosomiasis mansoni transmission dynamics in Central Kenya’s highlands...

Author(s):David M. Ngigi, Elijah K. Githui, Rashid A. Aman, Fredrick M. Wanjala, Judith Makwali, Stella R. Kirui, Paul N. Njiru, Beth W. Gitau

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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Selected Localities of Sodo District of Gurage Zone

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in the highlands of Ethiopia. In Ethiopia and Kenya highlands, L.aethopica is the known causative agent of the disease. The aim of this study was to prove the existence of active transmission of cutaneous leishamniasis in selected localities of Sodo district of Gurage zone and to document sand fly species which are potentially capable of transmitting the disease in the study area. Active...

Author(s):Fitsum Bekele, Teha Shumbej, Abdusemed Worku, Abdulewhab Jemal, Teklemicheal Gebru, Anduamlak Dendir ,Admas Birhanu

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Assessment of the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic test in acutely malnourished children under five years of age in Nanoro - Burkina Faso

Background: The interaction of malaria with malnutrition is complex. In areas where malnutrition among children is prevalent, management of malaria is not standardized. In Burkina Faso, malaria treatment is prescribed after positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) or thick blood smears confirmation regardless of the nutritional status of the child. Objective: The study aims to assess the performance of malaria RDT in...

Author(s):Olivier O. Sombié, Souheila Abbeddou, Adama Kazienga, Innocent Valea, Anne Marie Moulin, Augustin N. Zeba, Herve Kpoda, Virginio Pietra and Halidou Tinto

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Trypanosomosis in domestic ruminants and donkeys in Asosa zone, Northwestern Ethiopia: prevalence, vectors involved and infection rates

African animal trypanosomosis is among the most serious livestock diseases constraining food sufficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to generate base line data for implementing the trypanosomosis and tsetse fly control operations. The study was conducted from November 2014 to March 2015 in Asosa and Bambasi districts of Asosa Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. Glossina morsitans submorsitans was the only tsetse fly...

Author(s):Tafese Hailemariam, Kumela Lelisa and Mintesnot Tsegaye

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Efficacy of four different indigenous botanical extracts as anti-plasmodial remedy in mice infected with Plasmodium Berghei

Azadiracta indica, Carica papaya, Morinda lucida and Alstonia boonei are common medicinal plants used widely in Nigeria for the treatment of malaria and other life threatening ailments. The research investigated the antiplasmodial effect of the four botanical extract in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. One hundred and fifty five healthy BALB/c mice of average weight 13.5g were divided into four main groups of thirty...

Author(s):Adewole A., Oderinde A. and Abdulssalam F.O.

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Sympatry and prevalence of Oestrus Ovis and Coenurus Cerebralis in small ruminants slaughtered at Elfora export abattoir, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence, larval burden, associated risk factors and co-existence of both Coenurus cerebralis and Oestrus ovis in small ruminants slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir which located in Bishoftu, Ethiopia from December 2016 to March 2017. A total of 384 heads of small ruminants (180 sheep and 204 goats) were examined for the presence of both C.cerebralis and O.ovis...

Author(s):Tewoderos Wase and Bersisa Kumsa

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Assessment of knowledge, perception, and attitude about lymphatic filariasis among the inhabitants of two rural endemic Local Government Areas; Bende and Ikwuano, South-east Nigeria

Nigeria was reported to have the highest prevalence of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in sub-Saharan Africa. Ignorance and poor illness concepts were reported as factors that made people reluctant to access drugs. This study evaluated the knowledge, perceptions, and attitude (KPA) of inhabitants of selected rural communities in Bende and Ikwuano Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Abia State, about LF. Simple random sampling...

Author(s):UKAMAKA FAITH AMOKE, ANTHONIA NNENNA CHUKS AMADI, NNEOMA BERNICE EZEJI

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16S rRNA Gene Profiling of Bacterial Communities Mediating Production of Tsetse Attractive Phenols in Mammalian Urine

Animal African Trypanosomiasis is a major constraint to livestock health and production. The disease has for years continued to contribute towards economic and developmental setback in the sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies, vectors for transmission, are attracted to livestock and wildlife where they feed on blood meal contaminated by trypanosomes, the disease causing parasites. Host ageing urine has been shown to be the...

Author(s):Harry Asena Musonye, James Kombok Nonoh, James Kombok Nonoh, Ahmed Hassanali Hassanali, Lydia M. Langata, Dominic Mijele, Titus Kaitho, Edward King'ori

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A Study on Intestinal Protozoan Infections in some Selected Primary Schools in Maiyama Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Northern Nigeria

This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection in five selected primary schools in Maiyama Local Government Area ofKebbi State, Nigeria. Stool samples from 200 pupils were collected and examinedusing formol ether concentration technique for protozoan cyst out of which 49 (24.5%) were found to be infected with different species of intestinal protozoan parasite....

Author(s):

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PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF MALARIA INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS VISITING GOLJOTA HEALTH CENTER, HEBEN ARSI WOREDA, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Malaria is one of the leading communicable diseases in Ethiopia affecting the health of people. About 75% of the total area of the country and more than 68% of the total population is at risk of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the five year trends of malaria (2012-2016) and to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria infection among patients visiting Goljota health center from...

Author(s):Beyene Dobo

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PREVALANCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES USING FORMOL ETHER CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE AND ITS ASSOCIATING FACTORS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DAWUDO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, DESSIE, NORTH-EAST ETHIOPIA.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are widely distributed throughout the world and constitute for the global health burden causing clinical morbidity and mortality mainly in developing countries including Ethiopia. WHO estimates that a minimum of 25% the world’s population is chronically infected with intestinal parasites and 1.5to 2.7 million deaths annually. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine...

Author(s):TegenawTiruneh,Tahir Eyayu,TesfayeAndualem,BekeleSharew, HaftayHaileselasie

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Effects of Adoption of Preventive Measure of Lymphatic filariasis in Ndieze and Ezza inyimagu Communities of Izzi Local Government Area of Ebony State Nigeria (Uses of Insecticide Treated Bednet, Participation in Mectizan Drugs Distribution, and Knowledge of Causative Agent).

Lymphatic filariasis(Lf) is an infection by filarial worms in lymphatic system. Its clinical effects causes serious health challenges to man. With regard to this, both Government and non-governmental organization had introduced many preventive and control measures to eliminate this disease. Hence the need to assess the impacts of these preventive and control measure in rural areas . This work was carried out in Ndieze and...

Author(s):Louis N Ngele, Oliver O Njoku, Oliver O Odikamnoro, Christopher I Nwuzor , Nwele, D. E.

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Jos, North Central Nigeria

Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, and is one of the most common zoonosis affecting a wide range of warm-blooded mammals and birds worldwide. Ground-feeding birds are considered important in the epidemiology of the parasite because they serve as indicators of soil contamination by oocysts. In the present study, 120 blood samples were collected from domestic pigeons in three Local...

Author(s):Bata, S. I., Karshima, N. S., Oshadu, D., Nianlong, A. H., Dantong, D., Edward, I. U and Ogbu, K

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Occurrence of Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in the Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Kariba Tilapia, Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas, 1966) from Mashoko Dam, Zimbabwe.

A total of 109 samples of Clarias gariepinus (n=15) and Oreochromis mortimeri (n=94) were caught in Mashoko Dam between November 2014 and March 2015 and were examined for Contracaecum spp. larvae. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance of Contracaecum spp. larvae in Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis mortimeri from Mashoko Dam. 66.7% of C. gariepinus and 6.4% of O. mortimeri...

Author(s):Abinel Madzivire

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ANTISCHISTOSOMAL AND IMMUNO-BIOCHEMICAL IMPACT OF ABAMECTIN ON HAMSTER INFECTED WITHSCHISTOSOMA MANSONI

Abamectin (avermectin) is a natural fermentation product of Streptomyces avermitilis and is widely used as a pesticide. Recently, it has been used as a molluscicide and as an antiparasitic agent. This study aims at assess the impact on Abamectin on hamster infected with S. mansoni. Parasitological, histopathological parameters, liver function enzymes and cytokines were assessed in an infected hamster model. Five groups of...

Author(s):Amira I. El-Kabbany , Rania S. Hamzab

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Prevalence of Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum among patients attending the University of Agriculture Makurdi Clinic, North-Central Nigeria

Prevalence of falciparum malaria among patients attending University of Agriculture Makurdi Clinic, Nigeria, was determined on 318 patients from June to August, 2013. After informed consent of patients, blood samples were collected and examined for Plasmodium falciparum parasites using standard procedures. Patients’ biometric data were collected through Laboratory request forms and oral interviews. Results obtained showed...

Author(s):Manyi, Manasseh Msugh-Ter., Hembaor, Alexander Aondoyila and Obi, Anthony Ogochukwu

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Prevalence and Financial Losses of Bovine Fasciolosis on Cattle Slaughtered at Bishoftu Elfora Export, Central Oromia, Ethiopia

The study was carried out from October 2013 to April 2014 on a total of 415 local breed bovine cattle slaughtered in Bishoftu Elfora export abattoir, south east of Addis Ababa with the aim of determining the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis, evaluation of judgment enforced on the infested livers and assessment of financial losses due to the condemned livers. Among 415 slaughtered cattle, 91 (21.9%) were found to be...

Author(s):Hawi Jaleta, Tujuba Jergefa and Tadesse Birhanu

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Bovine trypanosomiasis and vectors in the Lom and Djerem Division (East-Cameroon)

Bovine trypanosomiasis is a major threat to the livestock sector in Cameroon. A preliminary study of the disease and of its vectors was carried out between February and May 2017 in the SODEPA Ranch of Ndokayo, located in the Bétaré-Oya Sub Division of the Lom and Djerem Division in East Cameroon. The main objective of this work was to determine the parasitological prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis as well as to assess...

Author(s):Mamoudou A., Ikoum D., Sevidzem S. L., Mohammadou B. and Njan Nloga A. M.