Historic and Current Trends of Human African Trypanosomiasis in South Sudan

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Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense remains a major public health problem in South Sudan. It causes substantial socio-economic impacts on the livelihoods of poor rural inhabitants. This article shades throws lights on a review of historic and current trends for evolution of HAT in South Sudan. Data of HAT cases were obtained from several relevant sources including World Health...

Author(s):Yatta S. Lukou, Erneo B. Ochi

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of communities towards neurocysticercosis in the districts of Amuru and Gulu, Northern Uganda

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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the hematogenous inversion of brain by the larval stage of pork tapeworm Taenia solium. The aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices among communities in two districts of Northern Uganda. A community based cross sectional study was conducted between February to March 2019 in two Sub-Counties of Amuru and Gulu districts. Multi-stage sampling and lottery methods...

Author(s):S.P.Alarakol

PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF BOVINE HARD TICKS IN OOFA WOREDA, WOLAITA ZONE, ETHIOPIA

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A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016, with the objectives; to determine the prevalence of hard ticks on cattle and the tick species distribution in Offa Woreda. Out of the total A total of 384 cattle were examined; out of the total 214 cattles were positive with one or more tick species. In the current study anThe overall prevalence of was 55.73% was recorded.There waswith a strong...

Author(s):Adane Mota and Hiwot Tesfaye

PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF IXODID TICKS THAT PARASITIZE DROMEDARY CAMEL IN YABELLO DISTRICT OF BORANA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA

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A cross sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and species diversity of iIxodid ticks that parasitize dromedary camel since October 2016 to March 2017. A total of 384 dromedary camels from five peasant association in Yabello district were examined for tick infestation. Accordingly, 374 (97.4%) camels were found to habour one or more species of ticks. A total of 4417 ticks were collected from infested...

Author(s):Makida Elias, Yacob Hailu, Kula Jilo

The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among primary school pupils in Ipogun, Ondo State, Nigeria

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The prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis (STH) was investigated among pupils of three selected primary schools in Ipogun, Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 298 stool samples were collected from pupils across schools and examined for eggs of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STHs) using concentration method. Results showed that 190 (63.8%) of the 298 pupils were positive for STHs. Ascaris...

Author(s):Mobolanle Oladipo Oniya, Oluwasegun John Jegede

Intestinal Schistosomiasis: Transmission Dynamics and Characterization of Vector Snails in Kenya’s Central Highlands Irrigation Agriculture

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Comprehensive strategies to control and eradicate schistosomiasis emphasize application of mass drug administration (MDA) complementary with other intervention measures including public health education, access to clean water, improved sanitation, and interruption of parasite cycle at vector snail stage. The aim of this study was to determine Schistosomiasis mansoni transmission dynamics in Central Kenya’s highlands...

Author(s):David M. Ngigi, Elijah K. Githui, Rashid A. Aman, Fredrick M. Wanjala, Judith Makwali, Stella R. Kirui, Paul N. Njiru, Beth W. Gitau

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Selected Localities of Sodo District of Gurage Zone

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in the highlands of Ethiopia. In Ethiopia and Kenya highlands, L.aethopica is the known causative agent of the disease. The aim of this study was to prove the existence of active transmission of cutaneous leishamniasis in selected localities of Sodo district of Gurage zone and to document sand fly species which are potentially capable of transmitting the disease in the study area. Active...

Author(s):Fitsum Bekele, Teha Shumbej, Abdusemed Worku, Abdulewhab Jemal, Teklemicheal Gebru, Anduamlak Dendir ,Admas Birhanu

Trypanosomosis in domestic ruminants and donkeys in Asosa zone, Northwestern Ethiopia: prevalence, vectors involved and infection rates

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African animal trypanosomosis is among the most serious livestock diseases constraining food sufficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to generate base line data for implementing the trypanosomosis and tsetse fly control operations. The study was conducted from November 2014 to March 2015 in Asosa and Bambasi districts of Asosa Zone, Northwestern Ethiopia. Glossina morsitans submorsitans was the only tsetse fly...

Author(s):Tafese Hailemariam, Kumela Lelisa and Mintesnot Tsegaye

Efficacy of four different indigenous botanical extracts as anti-plasmodial remedy in mice infected with Plasmodium Berghei

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Azadiracta indica, Carica papaya, Morinda lucida and Alstonia boonei are common medicinal plants used widely in Nigeria for the treatment of malaria and other life threatening ailments. The research investigated the antiplasmodial effect of the four botanical extract in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. One hundred and fifty five healthy BALB/c mice of average weight 13.5g were divided into four main groups of thirty...

Author(s):Adewole A., Oderinde A. and Abdulssalam F.O.

Sympatry and prevalence of Oestrus Ovis and Coenurus Cerebralis in small ruminants slaughtered at Elfora export abattoir, Bishoftu, Ethiopia.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence, larval burden, associated risk factors and co-existence of both Coenurus cerebralis and Oestrus ovis in small ruminants slaughtered at ELFORA export abattoir which located in Bishoftu, Ethiopia from December 2016 to March 2017. A total of 384 heads of small ruminants (180 sheep and 204 goats) were examined for the presence of both C.cerebralis and O.ovis...

Author(s):Tewoderos Wase and Bersisa Kumsa

16S rRNA Gene Profiling of Bacterial Communities Mediating Production of Tsetse Attractive Phenols in Mammalian Urine

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Animal African Trypanosomiasis is a major constraint to livestock health and production. The disease has for years continued to contribute towards economic and developmental setback in the sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies, vectors for transmission, are attracted to livestock and wildlife where they feed on blood meal contaminated by trypanosomes, the disease causing parasites. Host ageing urine has been shown to be the...

Author(s):Harry Asena Musonye, James Kombok Nonoh, James Kombok Nonoh, Ahmed Hassanali Hassanali, Lydia M. Langata, Dominic Mijele, Titus Kaitho, Edward King'ori

A Study on Intestinal Protozoan Infections in some Selected Primary Schools in Maiyama Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Northern Nigeria

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This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infection in five selected primary schools in Maiyama Local Government Area ofKebbi State, Nigeria. Stool samples from 200 pupils were collected and examinedusing formol ether concentration technique for protozoan cyst out of which 49 (24.5%) were found to be infected with different species of intestinal protozoan parasite....

Author(s):

PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF MALARIA INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS VISITING GOLJOTA HEALTH CENTER, HEBEN ARSI WOREDA, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

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Malaria is one of the leading communicable diseases in Ethiopia affecting the health of people. About 75% of the total area of the country and more than 68% of the total population is at risk of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the five year trends of malaria (2012-2016) and to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria infection among patients visiting Goljota health center from...

Author(s):Beyene Dobo

PREVALANCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES USING FORMOL ETHER CONCENTRATION TECHNIQUE AND ITS ASSOCIATING FACTORS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN DAWUDO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, DESSIE, NORTH-EAST ETHIOPIA.

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Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are widely distributed throughout the world and constitute for the global health burden causing clinical morbidity and mortality mainly in developing countries including Ethiopia. WHO estimates that a minimum of 25% the world’s population is chronically infected with intestinal parasites and 1.5to 2.7 million deaths annually. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine...

Author(s):TegenawTiruneh,Tahir Eyayu,TesfayeAndualem,BekeleSharew, HaftayHaileselasie

Effects of Adoption of Preventive Measure of Lymphatic filariasis in Ndieze and Ezza inyimagu Communities of Izzi Local Government Area of Ebony State Nigeria (Uses of Insecticide Treated Bednet, Participation in Mectizan Drugs Distribution, and Knowledge of Causative Agent).

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Lymphatic filariasis(Lf) is an infection by filarial worms in lymphatic system. Its clinical effects causes serious health challenges to man. With regard to this, both Government and non-governmental organization had introduced many preventive and control measures to eliminate this disease. Hence the need to assess the impacts of these preventive and control measure in rural areas . This work was carried out in Ndieze and...

Author(s):Louis N Ngele, Oliver O Njoku, Oliver O Odikamnoro, Christopher I Nwuzor , Nwele, D. E.

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica) in Jos, North Central Nigeria

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Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, and is one of the most common zoonosis affecting a wide range of warm-blooded mammals and birds worldwide. Ground-feeding birds are considered important in the epidemiology of the parasite because they serve as indicators of soil contamination by oocysts. In the present study, 120 blood samples were collected from domestic pigeons in three Local...

Author(s):Bata, S. I., Karshima, N. S., Oshadu, D., Nianlong, A. H., Dantong, D., Edward, I. U and Ogbu, K

Occurrence of Contracaecum larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in the Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and Kariba Tilapia, Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas, 1966) from Mashoko Dam, Zimbabwe.

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A total of 109 samples of Clarias gariepinus (n=15) and Oreochromis mortimeri (n=94) were caught in Mashoko Dam between November 2014 and March 2015 and were examined for Contracaecum spp. larvae. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance of Contracaecum spp. larvae in Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis mortimeri from Mashoko Dam. 66.7% of C. gariepinus and 6.4% of O. mortimeri...

Author(s):Abinel Madzivire

ANTISCHISTOSOMAL AND IMMUNO-BIOCHEMICAL IMPACT OF ABAMECTIN ON HAMSTER INFECTED WITHSCHISTOSOMA MANSONI

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Abamectin (avermectin) is a natural fermentation product of Streptomyces avermitilis and is widely used as a pesticide. Recently, it has been used as a molluscicide and as an antiparasitic agent. This study aims at assess the impact on Abamectin on hamster infected with S. mansoni. Parasitological, histopathological parameters, liver function enzymes and cytokines were assessed in an infected hamster model. Five groups of...

Author(s):Amira I. El-Kabbany , Rania S. Hamzab

Prevalence of Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum among patients attending the University of Agriculture Makurdi Clinic, North-Central Nigeria

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Prevalence of falciparum malaria among patients attending University of Agriculture Makurdi Clinic, Nigeria, was determined on 318 patients from June to August, 2013. After informed consent of patients, blood samples were collected and examined for Plasmodium falciparum parasites using standard procedures. Patients’ biometric data were collected through Laboratory request forms and oral interviews. Results obtained showed...

Author(s):Manyi, Manasseh Msugh-Ter., Hembaor, Alexander Aondoyila and Obi, Anthony Ogochukwu

Prevalence and Financial Losses of Bovine Fasciolosis on Cattle Slaughtered at Bishoftu Elfora Export, Central Oromia, Ethiopia

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The study was carried out from October 2013 to April 2014 on a total of 415 local breed bovine cattle slaughtered in Bishoftu Elfora export abattoir, south east of Addis Ababa with the aim of determining the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis, evaluation of judgment enforced on the infested livers and assessment of financial losses due to the condemned livers. Among 415 slaughtered cattle, 91 (21.9%) were found to be...

Author(s):Hawi Jaleta, Tujuba Jergefa and Tadesse Birhanu

Bovine trypanosomiasis and vectors in the Lom and Djerem Division (East-Cameroon)

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Bovine trypanosomiasis is a major threat to the livestock sector in Cameroon. A preliminary study of the disease and of its vectors was carried out between February and May 2017 in the SODEPA Ranch of Ndokayo, located in the Bétaré-Oya Sub Division of the Lom and Djerem Division in East Cameroon. The main objective of this work was to determine the parasitological prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis as well as to assess...

Author(s):Mamoudou A., Ikoum D., Sevidzem S. L., Mohammadou B. and Njan Nloga A. M.