Abstract

To establish a theoretical foundation for the coordinated production of high-quality, high-yield, and efficient wheat in Yunnan Province, this study was conducted to examine the impact of 4 fertilization rates on wheat yield and quality under three distinct climatic conditions. The findings revealed that the fertilizer requirements for achieving high yield depend on the wheat variety and environmental factors. Specifically, Yunmai76 and Yunmai77 exhibited the highest yields when urea was applied at a rate of 360 kg/ha, while Yun122-329 was 270 kg/ha. For Ning'er wheat, the optimal fertilization rate was determined to be 360 kg/ha. In contrast, Linxiang was 450 kg/ha, and Yanshan was 270 kg/ha. Notably, there were significant yield differences among the various wheat producing regions, with Linxiang outperforming Ning'er and Yanshan. The study also revealed that the absence of nitrogen fertilizer resulted in lower quality index across all wheat varieties. Conversely, when urea was applied at 360 kg/ha, the quality aforementioned indicators reached their highest or second-highest levels. Importantly, the peak demand for each quality index varied across different ecological regions. In conclusion, to maintain high yields, it is recommended to apply 360 kg of urea per ha for wheat varieties; however, this recommendation may vary depending on the specific ecological conditions.

Key words: Wheat, environments, nitrogen, yield, quality index.